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Science 10 > A1.0 > Flashcards

A1.0 Flashcards

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1
Q

what does HSHS stand for?

A

Household Safety Hazard Symbols

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2
Q

what does MSDS stand for?

A

Material Safety Data Sheet

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3
Q

What kind of information does an MSDS provide?

A

the particular properties, hazards, and emergency procedures for a specific chemical.

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4
Q

What is the definition of matter?

A

matter is anything that has mass and takes up space

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5
Q

what does WHMIS stand for?

A

Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System

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6
Q

what are properties?

A

the physical and chemical characteristics of a substance.

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7
Q

physical properties are …

A

the appearance and composition of a substance.

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8
Q

what are chemical properties …

A

the reactivity of a substance

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9
Q

what is an element?

A

cannot be broken down into other substances.

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10
Q

what is a compound?

A

made up of two or more elements in fixed ratios

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11
Q

what is a homogeneous mixture?

A

the separate components are not visible

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12
Q

what is a heterogeneous mixture?

A

the separate components are visible

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13
Q

what is a mechanical mixture?

A

the different substances are clearly visible.

eg: trail mix

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14
Q

what is a suspension?

A

the components of the mixture are in different states.

eg: mud in water

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15
Q

what is a colloid?

A

similar to a suspension but the suspended substance cannot be easily separated out.
eg: whole milk

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16
Q

what is a physical change?

A

does not alter the chemical characteristics of the substances involved.

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17
Q

what is a chemical change?

A

the substances produced have different chemical properties than the substances that reacted

18
Q

what does heating food do?

A

temporarily sterilizes it. ( kills the micro-organisms) // can be a physical or chemical change

19
Q

what is canning food?

A

heating the food, then sealing it in an air-tight container. // chemical change

20
Q

what is freezing food?

A

low temperatures prevent the growth of micro-organisms // physical change

21
Q

what is salting?

A

salt dries the water out of the meat, but also preserves it by drying the water out of any bacteria. // chemical change

22
Q

what is fermentation?

A

bacteria naturally present on the surface of living organisms converts starches and sugars into acid preserving the food and giving it a sour flavour. // chemical change

23
Q

AP CONTENT

A
  • method of producing energy by cells that doesn’t require oxygen - anaerobic
  • occurs in the cytoplasm of cells
  • depending on the type, the process can either produce alcohol (ethanol) or lactic acid
  • lactobacillus bulgaricus (bacteria) causes milk to sour
  • saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) allows fermentation necessary for baked goods and alcoholic beverages
24
Q

what is metallurgy?

A

the science of producing and using metals

25
Q

what is annealing?

A

the heating of a metal before its hammered, which makes it less brittle

26
Q

what is alloys?

A

the heating and combination of two or more metals to gain the benefits of both

27
Q

what is smelting?

A

extracting pure metal from its ore

28
Q

what is alchemy?

A

early experiments involving a combination of science and magic. was mostly schemes for getting rich or producing “ miracle cures “ the process resulted in :
• the discovery of mercury
• a method for the production of acids such as hydrochloric acid
• the improvement of glassware and lab equipment

29
Q

what is our understanding of the atom?

A

different elements are simply different combinations of the same three particles

30
Q

what are protons (p+)

A

positively charged particles found in the nucleus

31
Q

what are neutrons (n0)

A

neutral particles found in the nucleus

32
Q

what are electrons (e-)

A

tiny negatively charged particles in orbit around the nucleus

33
Q

Aristotle

A

said that all matter was composed of 4 elements: earth, air, water and fire

34
Q

Democritus

A

said that matter was made up of tiny particles, called atomos, that could not be divided into smaller pieces

35
Q

John Dalton ( billiard ball model )

A

said that atoms are like small spheres that varied in size mass or colour

36
Q

J.J Thomson

A

he was credited with the discovery of the electron

37
Q

Ernest Rutherford

A

begun his research with Thomson, but expanded on his ideas by discovering the nucleus

38
Q

Neils Bohr

A

credited with discovering the orbital levels of the electrons

39
Q

how many HSHS symbols are there?

A

4

40
Q

how many WHMIS symbols are there?

A

8

Science 10 (7 decks)

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