A.1 Ideological Differences: East and Wesr

Question 1

Russian Revolution

Answer 1

• 1917
• Bolshevik (Russian Communists) seizure of power in Russia
• Lenin was the leader of the Bolshevik Revolution

Question 2

Russian Civil War

Answer 2

• 1917-1922
• Reds–Communists (Bolsheviks) led by Lenin
• Whites–Anti-Communists supported by the West
• Reds defeated by the whites. Reds never forget support the West gave the whites.
• Russia concentrates on building industry

Question 3

USA Ideology (West and Capitalism)

Answer 3

• democracy, government chosen in free elections
• business and property privately owned
• believed free control was more important than everyone being equal
• wealthiest country–however, great wealth and great poverty
• believed other countries should be run this way
• opposed to communism

Question 4

USSR Ideology (East and Communism)

Answer 4

• communist state
• one-party dictatorship
• standard of living was low–however unemployment and extreme poverty were rare
• lives controlled–rights of individuals seen as less important than society as a whole
• leaders believed other countries should be run this way
• opposed capitalism
• based on ideas of marx–which directly opposed principles of the west
• believed conflict between communism and capitalism was inevitable

Question 5

Economic Divisions

Answer 5

• communists saw capitalism as responsible for division between classes in the west
• they believed nationalisation would create fairer distribution
• capitalist economies saw nationalisation as a threat to wealth

Question 6

Political Divisions

Answer 6

• West believed in freedom–liberal democracy
• communists saw multiple political parties as a result of divisions between classes–west saw the one-party state as a threat to freedom

Question 7

Spanish Civil War

Answer 7

• 1936
• fascists (franco, nazi germany and italy) vs. socialists
• USSR supported the socialists
• Stalin asked the West to help the USSR but they refused
• Stalin felt betrayed–felt that they would prefer fascism to communism
• West didn’t want to be associated with communism
• USA wanted to stay out of a European war
• GB thought Hitler would listen to reason