A02 The musculosketal system and movement Flashcards
What is the two main sections of the human skeleton?
Axial and appendicular.
What are the six main parts of the axial skeleton?
Skull bones, ossicles (inner ear), hyoid bone, rib cage, sternum and vertebral column (spine).
What are the six main parts of the appendicular skeleton?
collarbone and shoulder blades, arms and forearms, hands, pelvis, thighs, legs, feet and the ankles.
What does the appendicular skeleton consist of?
Bones that support the body’s appendages.
What is the appendicular skeleton important for?
Movement of the body and is also useful in the interaction with others and objects.
What is cartilage?
A connective tissue which is made up of collagen fibres and elastic fibres in a dense matrix.
How is the matrix produced?
By cells called chondroblasts.
How is cartilage?
Much stiffer than and much less flexible than muscle. However, not as rigid as bone.
What is cartilage used for?
Used around the body to hold tubes open.
What is the first layer of bone?
Thin layer of connective tissue known as periosteum.
What does the periosteum provide?
Provides a good blood supply to the bone and is also a good connection point for muscles.
What is under the periosteum?
A thin layer of compact bones, which gives the bone it’s strength.
What is found inside the compact bone?
Spongy bone, which is very porous and lightweight.
What is spongy bone made up of?
An irregular arrangement of tissue which allows maximum strength.
What is the centre of the bone?
Medullary cavity.
What does the medullary cavity consist of?
Red and yellow bone marrow
What are the 5 main functions of the skeleton?
Support, protection, movement, bone marrow, blood cell production and resorption.