A02 biological therapies for schizophrenia Flashcards
What are the 6 sections
Effectiveness of conventions anti psychotic drugs Appropriateness Effectiveness of atypical Appropriateness Effectiveness of ect Appropriateness
What are the 2 section some effectiveness of conventional anti psychotics
Relapse rate
Other factors are important
Who tested relapse rate for effectiveness of conventional anti psychotics
Davis et al
What did Davis et al do and find
A significant difference in relapse rate between treatment with a placebo drug and a convention anti psychotic drug
Conclusion for relapse rate
Evidence shows that this type of medication is a useful therapy for schizo
Who tested other factors as being important in effectiveness of conventional
Davis et al
What did Davis et al fibd for other factors as being important in effectiveness of conventional
Difference ib terms of relapse rates between placebo and conventional drugs only evident in schizos living in homes with hostility and criticism (50% relapse rate with conventional, 92% with placebo)
In normal homes there’s no difference 12 & 15% relapse rates
Conclusion of other factors are important
Evidence shows that due to difference when in different environment other factors are important in term so effectiveness of conventional anti psychotics so although anti psychotics may be used as a the road, they aren’t the only contributory factor for schizo therapy
What are the sections for the appropriateness of conventional anti psychotics
Tardive dyskinesia
Motivational deficits
Who studied tardive dyskinesia
Hill
What did hill find
About 30% of people taking conventional develop tardive dyskinesia which is irreversible in 75% of cases
Conclusion from hills study and tardive dyskinesia in terms of appropriateness of conventional
Conventional drugs lead to side effects so are they appropriate for treating schizo? No
Who evaluated motivational deficits
Ross and read
What did ross and read argue
That being prescribed medication reinforces the view that ‘there is something wrong with you’
This prevents indvs from thinking about possible stressors
Conclusion for motivational deficits in terms of appropriateness of conventional
Due to them not thinking about possible stressors, there motivation to look for solutions that alleviate the stressors and decrease their suffering decreases
Suggests conventional may not be appropriate for schizo therapy
What are the 2 sections for the effectiveness of atypical
Atypical vs conventional anti psychotics
Effectiveness with negative symptoms
Who tested atypical vs conventional anti psychotics
Leucht et al
What did leucht et al do and find
Meta analysis of studies comparing effectiveness of a typical and conventional drugs
Found 2 atypical drugs slightly more effective
2 other atypical drugs no more effective than conventional
Conclusion for atypical vs conventional drugs in terms of effectiveness of atypical
Atypical drug effectiveness only slightly better but no major difference
Still means they’re useful therapies for schizo
Who tested effectiveness with negative symptoms in terms of effectiveness of atypical
Leucht et al
What did leucht et al do for effectiveness of negative symptoms
Found 2 atypical drugs to be slightly more effective with negative symptoms than conventional
But found 2 others, one as effective, one slight worse than conventional for effectiveness with negative symptoms
Conclusion for effectiveness with negative symptoms in terms of effectiveness of atypical
Not much evidence to show it’s effective with negative symptoms
Some studies even suggest conventional os slightly better but overall still can be used as a the road but can’t support idea that it is useful to combat negative symptoms
What are the 2 sections for the appropriateness of atypical
Lower likelihood of tardive dyskinesia
Fewer side effects
Who tested the lower likelihood of tardive dyskinesia
Jeste et al
What did jeste do and find
TD rates 30% in patients using conventional
But only 5% in patients using atypical
Conclusion if lower likelihood of TD in terms of appropriateness of atypical
Evidence supports claim atypical has lower levels of side effects eg TD
Therefore it’s more appropriate to use for schizo therapy
Explain and shit about the fewer side effects part of appropriateness of atypical
Atypical shown to have lower leveks and fewer side effects
This means they could be argued to be a more appropriate treatment for schizo
They also mean it’s less likely for schizos to stop using the medication due to fewer side effects compared to conventional anti psychotics
What does research show in terms of effectiveness of ect from an American psychiatric association review when comparing ect and simulated ect effectiveness
Ect produced results that were no different or worse than anti psychotic drugs
Who studied effectiveness of ect other than that American thing
Sarita et al
What did sarita et al do and find in terms of effectiveness of ect
No difference in terms of symptom reduction in patients given either ect or simulated ect
Conclusion for effectiveness of ect
Not very effective compared to anti psychotic drugs
Conclusion for appropriateness of ect
Due to fact ect can be very harmful due to side effects and can even lead to death which very unlikely when using anti psychotic drugs it’s more appropriate to use anti psychotic drugs as a treatment for schizo
What is reads study relevant to in terms of appropriateness of ect
Found that ect is being used very rarely
Decline of its use from 1979 to 1999 dropped increased by 59%
