A01 of localisation of function

Question 1

localisation vs holistic

Answer 1

• holistic- no hemispheric dominance
• Theory that the brain is made up of connected areas that are carry out specific function (localised) or does the whole brain work together which is (holism)

Question 2

motor cortex

Answer 2

• FRONTAL LOBE, BOTH HEMISPHERES
• responsible for generating voluntary motor movements, each hemisphere responsible for opposite side of the body so damage to your left side mean you have trouble moving the right side of your body

Question 3

somatosensory cortex

Answer 3

• PARIETAL LOBE, BOTH HEMISPHERES
• detect sensory information from touch pressure pain and temperature, damage here means information from senses is not being produced by the brain as it normally would

Question 4

visual cortex

Answer 4

• back of OCCIPITAL LOBE, BOTH HEMISPHERES

- responsible for visual information, damage here means difficulty processing visual info

Question 5

auditory centres

Answer 5

• TEMPORAL LOBE, BOTH HEMISPHERES

- recognise sounds and analyse speech based information, damage here means difficulty processing auditory information

Question 6

language production area- BROCA’s AREa

Answer 6

• Studied patient through post morten examinations who could understand language but could not produce it so just speaking or writing
• found lesions in the LEFT FRONTAL HEMISPHERE
• Damage to this causes Brocas aphasia so when language production is slow and takes a lot of effort

Question 7

language understanding- Wernicke’s area

Answer 7

• had patients who could speak but did not understand the language so they could talk but did not add up to sentences that made sense
• did post mortem examinations and found damage to the POSTERIOR PORTION OF LEFT TEMPORAL LOBE which is linked to recognising sound as language and associating the language with meaning
• damage to this causes Wernicke’s aphasia so can produce language easily but it is meaningless

Question 8

Aphasia meaning and causes

Answer 8

condition that affects the brain and leads to problems using language correctly, causes can be a stroke, severe head injury, brain tumour and progressive neurological conditions