A+ Warm-Up Flashcards

Question

Which types of printers are referred to as page printers because they receive their print job instructions one page at a time? (Choose two.) A. Daisy-wheel B. Dot-matrix C. Inkjet D. Laser E. Thermal

Answer 1

C. Inkjet & D. Laser A page printer is a type of computer printer that prints a page at a time. Common types of page printers are the laser printer and the inkjet printer.

Answer 2

B. Soft power Soft power is the feature whereby the front power button acts as a relay to initiate various system power changes, depending on the duration that the button is held. Programmable power, relay power, and hot power are not valid power options.

Answer 3

D. PCIe Although technically PCI could be used for graphics adapters, PCIe supports high-speed, 3D graphic video cards. PCIe offers better performance than older graphics adapters. USB and FireWire can stream video, but they are not used for attachment of internal graphics adapters.

Answer 4

B. They can transmit audio as well as video. & D. They can use HDMI or mini-HDMI connectors. HDMI cables transmit digital video and audio signals. They can be used to connect to projectors or monitors. HDMI cables can have standard HDMI connectors, mini-HDMI connectors, or micro-HDMI connectors.

Answer 5

D. Fast hard drive A/V editing workstations require specialized audio and video cards and large and fast hard drives; they also benefit from dual monitors. A fast NIC, extra RAM, and a faster than normal processor do not support the requirements of A/V editors.

Answer 6

C. Incorrect printer drivers If a printer is using out-of-date or incorrect printer drivers, the printer may produce pages of garbled text. The solution is to ensure that the most recent printer drivers are downloaded from the manufacturer’s website.

Answer 7

A. Plug the four-pin connector into the three-pin header. The easiest solution that works to cool your CPU is to connect the four-pin connector into the three-pin header. The missing pin allows you to control the speed of the fan. Without it, the fan will run at top speed, which is fine, albeit a little noisier. There is no four-pin to three-pin power adapter. The heat sink alone should not be relied upon for proper cooling of modern CPUs, and an extra chassis fan isn’t designed to specifically help cool the CPU.

Answer 8

A. Video PCIe video cards may be bridged together, enabling two cards to function as one system. Sound cards and I/O expansion cards such as USB and eSATA cards do not have bridging capabilities.

Answer 9

C. You wouldn’t interconnect those two interfaces Such a connection should not be made. DVI-I cables act like universal cables; they can connect two DVI-A interfaces or two DVI-D interfaces with adapters. Natively, they are used to connect two DVI-I interfaces, both of which are configured as either analog or digital. They are unable to convert the analog signal to a digital one, however. Analog and digital DVI interfaces are too disparate to interconnect.

Answer 10

C. The NAS should exceed the communication speed of the clients to avoid a bottleneck. Optimally, the NAS should communicate across a link that is the aggregate of all client links, but at the very least, the NAS’s link should be a faster one to alleviate the potential bottleneck when all clients try to access the server simultaneously.

Answer 11

D. Developing Developing happens after exposing. The correct order is processing, charging, exposing, developing, transferring, fusing, and cleaning.

Answer 12

A. Motherboard The spine of the computer is the system board, otherwise known as the motherboard. All other computer components plug into the motherboard. On the motherboard, you will find the CPU, underlying circuitry, expansion slots, video components, RAM slots, and various other chips.

Answer 13

E. PCIe x16 For a video card, the best standard currently available is PCIe, and the widest channel width is x16. There are no PCI x16 or PCI x128 slots, nor is there a PCIe x128 slot. AGP is an older video expansion standard that is now obsolete.

Answer 14

B. Analog VGA signals are analog, uncompressed, component signals that carry all of the video information for all three components of the original RGB signal. VGA signals are not digital, composite, or compressed.

Answer 15

B. Maximum RAM allowed Maximum RAM and CPU cores are the primary requirements for such systems. Although there are multiple guest operating systems, generally there is but one host to those guests. File sharing may be a service the administrator decides to offer, and multiple NICs might prove advantageous with virtual machines that are popular among the clients, but these workstations do not require either.

Answer 16

A. +600VDC For the toner (which has a charge of –600VDC) to be transferred from the print drum (which has a charge of –600VDC) to the paper, there must be a positive, or opposite, charge of greater difference to break the –600VDC charge from the drum.

Answer 17

D. ITX The ITX motherboard family consists of smaller boards that fit in standard or miniature cases and use less power than their larger counterparts. ATX are “standard” sized motherboards in today’s world. AT is a legacy form factor that was bigger than ATX. Micro ATX is smaller than ATX, but larger than ITX motherboards.

Answer 18

C. Due to the high revolutions at which modern hard drives spin, you must secure an external power source because the internal power supplies do not have the capacity. Today’s hard drives, regardless of their rpm, have standard internal power connections. The other options are valid concerns when installing an internal drive.

Answer 19

A. The ratio of luminance between the darkest and lightest colors that can be displayed Contrast ratio is a selling point for LCDs and is relevant for all monitor types, including OLEDs. Higher contrast ratios mean the monitor displays darker blacks and brighter whites. The measure of luminance between adjacent pixels is known as contrast, not contrast ratio. Contrast ratio is not dependent upon resolution.

Answer 20

A. Network-attached storage device & D. Gaming PC Virtualization and graphic design workstations benefit from as much RAM as can be installed. Network-attached storage devices and gaming PCs do not require a large amount of temporary storage of instructions and data. They are more about the rapid movement of graphical data toward an output device.

Answer 21

B. Ink cartridge In an inkjet printer, the ink cartridge is the actual print head. This is where the ink is expelled to form letters or graphics. Toner cartridges are used by laser printers to store toner. A daisy wheel is the device that impacts the letters on the paper in a daisy-wheel printer. Paper trays are the storage bins in laser printers and inkjet printers that allow the pickup rollers to feed the paper into the printer.

Answer 22

A. GPU These CPUs integrate the graphics processing unit (GPU). The Core i7 before them integrated the memory controller, eliminating the FSB. Math coprocessors have been integrated since the 80486DX.

Answer 23

C. The add-on card will be detected automatically and function properly if it’s PCIe. & D. For the card to work properly, you might need to disable the integrated video in the BIOS. Most likely, the new card will be detected and function properly once the computer is booted up. However, the driver will need to be installed. Odds are the new card will be a different model from the integrated card, which will require a new driver. On some systems, you will need to go into the BIOS and disable the integrated adapter. Bridging happens between two PCIe video adapters, not an integrated video chipset.

Answer 24

A. 480 Mbps USB 2.0 has a maximum speed of 480 Mbps. USB 3.0 is 5 Gbps; USB 3.1 is 10 Gbps; and USB 3.2 is 20 Gbps.

Answer 25

B. Each virtual machine makes use of actual CPU resources for processing instructions and data. Virtual machines do not imply virtual processing. The data storage, processing cycles, and RAM usage are all real. The separate hard drive and chassis for each operating system are virtual. The other answers all have at least one fundamental problem with their logic. CPU cores are not installed in virtual machines but in CPU packages within physical machines. CPU cores do not take over for each other. There is no fault tolerance among them. Storing data is the job of RAM, which should also be maximized for virtualization workstations.

Answer 26

A. High-voltage power supply (HVPS) The high-voltage power supply (HVPS) is the part of the laser printer that supplies the voltages for charging and transferring corona assemblies.

Answer 27

C. 21 In a mesh network, the number of connections is determined by the formula x × (x – 1) ÷ 2. With seven computers, that amounts to 21 connections.

Answer 28

B. LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) is designed to access information stored in an information directory typically known as an LDAP directory or LDAP database. This typically includes employee data and network configuration data. FTP is designed to transfer files. RDP is a remote desktop protocol, and CIFS is used to share files and printers.

Answer 29

B. TKIP WEP could use a 64-bit or 128-bit security key, but it was a static key. TKIP introduced a dynamic per-packet key. AES and CCMP came after TKIP

Answer 30

B. One physical NIC, three virtual NICs, and one virtual switch Each virtual machine will use its own virtual NIC. The virtual NICs will communicate with a virtual switch managed by the hypervisor. The virtual switch will communicate with the physical NIC.

Answer 31

C. 260 DDR4 SODIMMs have 260 pints. DDR2 SODIMMs have 200 pins, and DDR3 SODIMMs have 204 pins. No SODIMMs currently have 288 pins, but DDR4 DIMMs do.

Answer 32

C. BNC Coaxial cable can use BNC connectors and F connectors. RG-6 and RG-59 are coaxial standards. SC is a fiber-optic connector.

Answer 33

A. HTTP HTTP uses port 80. HTTPS uses port 443; Telnet uses port 23; and POP3 uses port 110.

Answer 34

A. Change the default administrator name and password. & B. Change the SSID. You should always change the default administrator name and password as well as the default SSID when installing a new wireless router. Enabling encryption is also a good idea, but WPA and WPA2 are better options than WEP. The channel has nothing to do with security.

Answer 35

A. The guest OS will compete for resources with the host OS. A Type 2 hypervisor sits on top of an existing OS, meaning that OSs installed in VMs will compete for resources with the host OS. The amount of resources available to a guest OS can be configured. Virtual OSs can get on the physical network if configured properly.

Answer 36

B. An AC adapter with a higher wattage rating than the original Think of wattage as a “bucket” of power that the attached device can draw from. A bigger bucket simply holds more power but does not force the power on the device. Less wattage is not advised, however. Voltage can be thought of as the pressure behind the power to the device. Anything but the proper voltage is dangerous for the device. When you replace a laptop’s AC adapter, you should match the voltage ratings of the original adapter. This also means that you should use an adapter with a fixed voltage if that matches the characteristics of the original; otherwise, obtain one that automatically switches voltages at the levels needed.

Answer 37

B. 550 meters Multimode fiber (MMF) can transmit up to 550 meters, depending on the Ethernet specification. Other standards using MMF can transmit only up to 300 meters. If you need to transmit up to 40 kilometers, you will need to use single-mode fiber (SMF).

Answer 38

A. IP address & B. Subnet mask The only mandatory IPv4 configuration items are an IP address and a subnet mask. If you are not connecting to another network, you do not need a default gateway. DNS servers resolve hostnames to IP addresses, but they are not mandatory.

Answer 39

A. DSL Of the options listed, DSL provides the fastest speed. DSL can easily provide 12 Mbps downloads. Dial-up is limited to 56 Kbps, and BRI ISDN (128 Kbps) and PRI (about 1.5 Mbps) don’t even come close. Satellite is also much slower than DSL.

Answer 40

A. PaaS Platform as a Service (PaaS) is probably the right level of service for the developer team. It provides infrastructure, like IaaS, and also supplies needed programming elements.

Answer 41

A. Touchpad The touchpad sits below the keyboard, where a user’s palms may rest when he is typing. That contact may cause the mouse cursor to appear to jump on the screen. Disabling the touchpad should prevent this from happening.

Answer 42

A. Routers Routers are designed to route (transfer) packets across networks. They are able to do this routing, determining the best path to take, based on the internal routing tables that they maintain.

Answer 43

D. VPN A virtual private network (VPN) is a secure point-to-point connection made over a public network. NAT translates private IP address to public IP addresses. APIPA is an automatic IP address assignment if a client computer can’t reach a DHCP server. VLANs are virtual local area networks configured through switches.

Answer 44

A. Bluetooth & E. Zigbee Bluetooth and Zigbee also operate in the 2.4 GHz range. Z-Wave operates in the 800 MHz and 900 MHz ranges; satellite uses satellite waves; 5 G cellular mmWave is between 24 GHz and 86 GHz; and NFC uses 13.56 MHz.

Answer 45

B. Increased scalability C. Lower cost D. Improved reliability Cloud solutions are great for enhancing scalability and reliability while generally lowering costs. The biggest issue with cloud computing is security.

Answer 46

B. Buy a USB Bluetooth adapter A USB Bluetooth adapter should do the trick. There are Mini PCIe Bluetooth adapters, but installing one is trickier than inserting a USB device. There aren’t really any Wi-Fi compatible headsets on the market—headsets are exactly what Bluetooth was designed for. Replacing the laptop is a much more expensive proposition.

Answer 47

C. White/orange A crossover cable will flip pins 1 and 3 on each end. Therefore, this end needs to have the white/orange wire as pin 1. The correct order for this cable should be white/orange, orange, white/green, blue, white/blue, green, white/brown, brown.

Answer 48

A. 2001:0db8:3c4d:0012:0000:0000:1234:56ab B. ::ffff:c0a8:173 C. 2001:db8:3c4d:12::1234:56ab An IPv6 address contains 128 bits, written in eight 16-bit fields represented by four hexadecimal digits. Option A contains all eight fields expressed in full. Option B is an IPv4 address expressed in IPv6 form. Option C is the same address as Option A, but written in accepted shorthand. Option D is not valid because the double colons (::) can be used only once within an address.

Answer 49

A. 802.11ac C. 802.11 g D. 802.11n Three standards listed—802.11ac (1,300 Mbps), 802.11 g (54 Mbps), and 802.11n (600 Mbps)—give users the required throughput.

Answer 50

C. UTM It sounds like the manager wants a unified threat management (UTM) device. They are designed to be one-stop network protection devices. Networked intrusion detection and prevention systems will detect network attacks but do not have anti-malware or anti-spam capabilities. An endpoint management system is not a security appliance.

Answer 51

D. Throttling The processor can reduce how fast it’s working, which is called throttling, to help conserve battery life. CPUs do not perform underclocking, cooling, or disengaging.

Answer 52

B. Firewall The job of a firewall is to block unwanted network traffic. Firewalls do this by using a list of rules called an access control list (ACL). Routers connect networks to each other, as do bridges. A network attached storage (NAS) device is like a dedicated file server.

Answer 53

D. 3389 Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) works on port 3389. DNS works on port 53; IMAP4 works on port 143; and LDAP works on port 389.

Answer 54

D. All users will access the network at 11 Mbps. The good news is that 802.11 g is backward compatible with 802.11b. The bad news is, if you run in a mixed environment, all devices that communicate with the WAP (or router) will be forced to slow down to accommodate the older technology.

Answer 55

C. Community When multiple organizations with similar objectives want to combine efforts in a cloud, the best choice is generally a community cloud. This allows for the flexibility and scalability normally found in a public cloud, but it also limits the number of users to a smaller, trusted group.

Answer 56

C. Recalibrate the touchscreen. If the touchscreen is not responding properly, the first step is to recalibrate it. If it continues to have problems, the screen may be defective and might need to be replaced. Degaussing is a process used on old CRT monitors and is not relevant to touchscreens.

Answer 57

C. Ethernet over Power Ethernet over Power can transmit network signals over power lines within a closed circuit, such as a house. It’s the best choice. PoE devices provide power to devices that only have an Ethernet connection available. A bridge is for connecting disparate network segments and dividing collision domains.

Answer 58

E. None of the above IPv6 does not have broadcasts. IPv6 does have multicasts, which are a bit like targeted broadcasts. FF00:: is the first part of a multicast address.

Answer 59

B. RFID Radio frequency identification (RFID) can operate in three frequency bands: 125 kHz to 134 kHz, 13.56 MHz, or 856 MHz to 960 MHz. Bluetooth is 2.4 GHz; NFC is 13.56 MHz; and LTE is between 600 MHz and 6 GHz.

Answer 60

D. SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is used to transfer email between servers. POP3 and IMAP4 are used to download email. SNMP is Simple Network Management Protocol and not related to email.

Answer 61

C. Use a cable lock. Sometimes the only way to ensure that equipment doesn’t walk away is to lock it down physically. Laptops come equipped with holes for cable locks that can be used to secure them to a desk or other workstation. GPS tracking might help after the device is stolen, but it’s best to prevent that in the first place. A docking station does not prevent physical theft, nor does a screensaver with a password.

Answer 62

B. CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) specifies that the NIC pause before transmitting a packet to ensure that the line is not being used. If no activity is detected, then it transmits the packet. If activity is detected, it waits until it is clear. In the case of two NICs transmitting at the same time (a collision), both NICs pause to detect and then retransmit the data.

Answer 63

C. ARP The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) resolves IP addresses to hardware (MAC) addresses. RARP does the reverse—it resolves MAC addresses to IP addresses. DNS resolves hostnames to IP addresses. DHCP automatically configures TCP/IP clients.

Answer 64

C. 5 QoS level 5 is designated for interactive voice and video, with less than 100 ms delay. Level 1 is for background applications and is low priority. Level 4 is known as controlled load, which is lower priority than interactive voice and video. Level 6 only has 10 ms latency but is reserved for control traffic.

Answer 65

D. The host OS and each guest OS need their own antivirus software installed. Each instance of the OS you are running requires its own security software.

Answer 66

C. Docking station A docking station is a device that a laptop can be plugged into that replicates common laptop ports, and may also have full-sized bays for PC desktop expansion cards and storage devices, such as hard drives and optical drives. A port replicator will replicate laptop ports but does not usually have expansion bays. There is no specific laptop base accessory or a Mini PCIe dock. (Mini PCIe is an internal laptop technology.)

Answer 67

A. Bluetooth Bluetooth networks are often called wireless personal area networks (WPANs).

Answer 68

A. Default gateway The router is your doorway out into other networks, and it is known in TCP/IP terms as the default gateway. Without this configuration option, you would not be able to get to external networks. The subnet mask tells a host which network it’s on. The DNS server resolves hostnames to IP addresses, and a DHCP server provides IP configuration information to hosts.

Answer 69

C. To serve as a parameter used to identify a network and configure a wireless connection A service-set identifier (SSID) is the unique name given to the wireless network. All hardware that is to participate on the network must be configured to use the same SSID. Essentially, it is the network name. When you are using Windows to connect to a wireless network, all available wireless networks will be listed by their SSID.

Answer 70

B. Scope Every DHCP server needs to have a scope, which is the range of addresses available to clients, as well as other options that it can give to client computers. A DHCP server can optionally provide clients with the address of a DNS server. There is no DHCP range. A DHCP relay agent is a system configured on a subnet with no DHCP server that relays DHCP requests to the DHCP server.

Answer 71

B. In the display The inverter, which transforms AC power into DC power for an LCD backlight, is found in the display. It’s not underneath the keyboard, next to the heat sink and fan, or near the processor, which are all located in the bottom half of the laptop.

Answer 72

A. CAT-5 CAT-5 was the first UTP standard ratified for 100 Mbps transmissions. Before that, CAT-3 was popular but only supported 10 Mbps. CAT-5e, CAT-6, and CAT-6a all support at least 1 Gbps and came after CAT-5.

Answer 73

A. 10.25.11.33 DNS servers resolve hostnames to IP addresses. On the Internet, a DNS server needs to have a public IP address. The address 10.25.11.33 is in a private address space, so that address would not be valid for a DNS server on the Internet.

Answer 74

C. 1, 6, and 11 There are 14 communication channels in the 2.4 GHz range, but only the first 11 are configurable. The three non-overlapping channels are 1, 6, and 11.

Answer 75

B. On-demand self-service The ability to expand services without provider intervention is called on-demand self-service. Rapid elasticity means you can quickly increase capacity, but it usually requires supplier intervention. Resource pooling is taking resources from multiple machines and making them available as one pool. Measured service is how many suppliers track usage and charge accordingly.

Answer 76

A. The technician is trying to install DDR4 into a motherboard with DDR3 slots. Laptops use SODIMMs (or possibly MicroDIMMs), which are much smaller than standard DIMMs used in desktops. DDR2 and DDR3 SODIMMs are 67.6 millimeters wide, whereas DDR4 SODIMMs are 69.6 millimeters wide. It’s likely that the technician has DDR4 SODIMMs and the motherboard supports DDR3 SODIMMs.

Answer 77

B. Google Play The app store for Android-based devices is Google Play. iOS devices download apps from the App Store. Windows-based apps can be downloaded from the Microsoft Store.

Answer 78

A. 25 SMTP sends mail to the server on TCP port 25. POP3 uses port 110. IMAP4 uses port 143. POP3 uses port 995 securely over SSL or TLS.

Answer 79

A. Document findings, actions, and outcomes. After verifying full system functionality and implementing preventive measures as needed, the final step in the best practice methodology is to document findings, actions, and outcomes.

Answer 80

C. Reboot and enable low-resolution video mode

Answer 81

A. The ability to touch multiple parts of the screen at once to provide input Multi-touch simply means that the touch screen can accept multiple inputs from different parts of the screen at the same time. This allows for functionality such as pinch to zoom. It could mean that multiple people are using the touch screen at once, but it does not have to mean that.

Answer 82

A. Cellular B. Wi-Fi C. Bluetooth Airplane mode disables all radio communications, including cellular, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth (and NFC as well). It does not affect the opening of any other apps or the lock screen.

Answer 83

B. Replace the RAM to see if it resolves the problem. & D. Replace the CPU to see if it resolves the problem. Intermittent shutdowns are hard to troubleshoot but are most likely hardware related. When troubleshooting, always make one change at a time to try to resolve the issue. Replacing the RAM or the CPU to see if it resolves the problem could be a good next step, but replacing three components at once is too many changes unless you have specific reason to believe it is all three. Reinstalling Windows is probably overkill as well. Narrow down the issue before implementing sweeping solutions such as that.

Answer 84

A. A faulty ink cartridge If an ink cartridge is faulty or develops a hole, it can release excessive amounts of ink, which will lead to smearing. A corrupt print driver would result in printing garbage. Inkjet printers do not have a fuser. Excessive humidity may cause smearing, but it wouldn’t cause the disbursement of too much ink.

Answer 85

D. SNEP NFC uses Simple NDEF Exchange Protocol (SNEP) in peer-to-peer mode. It’s based on LLCP (Logical Link Control Protocol).

Answer 86

B. Contacts D. Email F. Apps

Answer 87

C. The monitor is disconnected. When troubleshooting, always question the obvious. In this case, the system beeps once, which is usually a signal from the BIOS that POST completed successfully, and air is coming from the system fan. All of that appears to be normal. Check to see that the monitor is connected properly to the desktop computer and that it’s receiving power.

Answer 88

B. The video card manufacturer’s website The manufacturer’s website is the first place you should go for information on your products, including troubleshooting information. Many years ago, manufacturers would provide paper manuals with their products, but that’s almost unheard of today, unless you download a PDF version from the website. Server logs can show error codes, but they won’t tell you how to fix anything.

Answer 89

D. 2 TB MicroSDXC cards can hold up to 2 TB. SDHC cards can hold up to 32 GB, and standard SD cards can hold up to 4 GB.

Answer 90

C. Enter the appropriate PIN code. The next step is to enter the PIN code. The steps, in order, are as follows: enable Bluetooth, enable pairing, find a device for pairing, enter the appropriate PIN code, and test connectivity.

Answer 91

B. Verify full system functionality and, if applicable, implement preventive measures. The fourth step in the best practice methodology is to establish a plan of action to resolve the problem and implement the solution, which was done already. The next step is to verify full system functionality and implement preventive measures. The final step is to document findings, actions, and outcomes. Reviewing system and application logs is part of identifying the problem, which is the first step.

Answer 92

A. Replace the device With a swollen battery, the best solution is to replace the device. If you are experienced with mobile device batteries, you may be able to replace the battery, but be careful! You should not charge a swollen battery or freeze the system. A battery calibration utility will do no good.

Answer 93

C. Capacitive touch screen Most mobile devices today use capacitive touch screens, which allow the user to use their finger as an input device. Resistive touch screens sense pressure, and a stylus is commonly used with them. Keyboards and mice are too large for most mobile devices.

Answer 94

A. SIM OS & B. Baseband OS The two real-time OSs (RTOSs) that mobile phones have are the baseband OS and the SIM OS. iOS and Android are not RTOSs.

Answer 95

D. Corporate policies According to the best practice methodology, you should always consider corporate policies, procedures, and impacts before implementing changes. The user’s budget, company reputation, and upgrade feasibility are not mentioned in the best practice methodology to resolve problems.

Answer 96

A. Toggle the video function key & B. Try using an external monitor Two helpful things to try are toggling the video output function key (usually something like Fn+F8) and plugging an external monitor into the laptop. Removing the display is possible but not necessary yet. Powering the system off and back on isn’t likely to correct the problem.

Answer 97

C. NFC Near field communication (NFC) has a maximum range of about 10 centimeters. Wi-Fi depends on the standard, but it usually has a range of 30 meters or more. Bluetooth Class 2 devices can operate at about 10 meters, and infrared (IR) has a maximum range of about 1 meter.

Answer 98

B. Hotmail Four commercial email providers to be familiar with are iCloud, Google/Inbox, Exchange Online, and Yahoo Mail. Hotmail used to be a commercial email provider, but it no longer exists; it’s now part of Outlook.com.

Answer 99

A. CPU fan B. Power supply fan C. HDD Only components with moving parts can make ticking, clicking, or squealing noises. It’s probably a fan of some sort (such as the CPU fan or power supply fan), or it could be a conventional hard drive. SSDs, CPUs, and RAM do not have moving parts and therefore could not be causing this problem.

Answer 100

A. Crimper A crimper is used to make network cables. Punch-down tools are used to connect the wires of a cable to a wiring rack, such as a 110-block. Cable testers are for verifying that a cable works properly (and may be handy after you complete the cable). A loopback plug is for testing the ability of a network adapter to send and receive.

Answer 101

A. Tablet Tablets generally have a screen size between 7ʺ and 13ʺ. Phablets were historically between 5ʺ and 7ʺ, and smartphones are smaller than phablets. GPS touch screens are usually around the same size as the screens on smartphones.

Answer 102

B. 1 GB of RAM or higher iTunes will run on a computer with 512 MB of RAM. 1 GB is not required unless you want to play 720p high-definition videos. A 1 GHz processor, 400 MB disk space, and broadband Internet are required.

Answer 103

C. When verifying full system functionality The fifth step in the best practice methodology is to verify full system functionality and, if applicable, implement preventive measures. This step occurs after a plan of action to resolve the problem has been established and before findings, actions, and outcomes have been documented.

Answer 104

C. The HDD The only components that make noise are the ones that have moving parts, such as fans and conventional hard disk drives. In most cases, a rhythmic ticking sound will be something that’s generated by a conventional hard disk drive (HDD).

Answer 105

B. iPhone 5 The iPhone 5 was the first iPhone to use the Lightning connector. All newer iPhones use it as well.

Answer 106

D. Your phone calls are going out over your carrier’s cellular network. Whenever you have a reliable Wi-Fi signal available, which you do not pay for “as you go,” you should feel free to disable your cellular access to data networking. The wireless network is often faster and does not cost you anything to use. If data networking works better when you leave the cellular network available as a fallback, you can choose to disable it only for certain large downloads or disable it completely until the download is complete. Phone calls will continue to be sent over the cellular network. This does not imply that your data is not using an available Wi-Fi connection. Therefore, unless you are particularly sensitive to the situation or know that data is going out over your cell access, you might not need to disable the cellular data-networking feature.

Answer 107

A. Inquire regarding infrastructure changes. C. Review the system and application logs. E. Question the user and identify user changes to the computer. The three sub-steps to identify the problem are: question the user and identify user changes to computer; inquire regarding environmental or infrastructure changes; and review the system and application logs. Conducting internal or external research is part of establishing a theory of probable cause. Determining the next steps to resolve the problem is part of testing the theory to determine cause.

Answer 108

C. Install a new WAP closer to her new desk Distance matters in wireless networks. Being too far away from an access point will result in a weaker signal, which can cause intermittent signal drops and poor performance. Moving closer to the wireless access point (WAP) or wireless router can help, as can installing additional WAPs or wireless routers. The IP address from the DHCP server won’t matter, and since she reported no error message, there is not likely to be an IP address conflict. Unless there are other issues, replacing the NIC seems to be overkill.

Answer 109

B. Game pad For game players, a game pad or gaming controller may be a good accessory to have. VR headsets could also be good, but only for certain games. An AR headset isn’t likely to help with gaming. An extra battery pack could help extend the playing time, but it isn’t needed if the tablet is plugged in.

Answer 110

C. Wi-Fi & D. USB The two most common connection types for synchronization to a desktop (or laptop) are Wi-Fi and USB. Cellular and Bluetooth are not used for desktop synchronization. Tethering is when a laptop or other device is granted cellular network access by connecting to a mobile device, such as a smartphone.

Answer 111

A. Test the theory to determine the cause. The second step in the best practice methodology to resolve problems is to establish a theory of probable cause, which has been done here. The next step is to test the theory to determine cause. After that, establish a plan of action to resolve the problem, verify full system functionality, and document findings.

Answer 112

B. ipconfig /renew The ipconfig command is perhaps the most-used utility in troubleshooting and network configuration. The ipconfig /renew command will send a query to the DHCP server asking it to resend and renew all DHCP information. For a more detailed look at the ipconfig command, type ipconfig /? at the command prompt. The ifconfig command is used with Linux and macOS clients. There are no /refresh or /startswitches for these commands.

Answer 113

B. 10 meters Most mobile Bluetooth accessories are Class 2 devices, which have a maximum functional range of 10 meters. The actual range will depend on the headset’s properties.

Answer 114

B. SMTP with TLS SMTP with TLS uses port 587 by default. With SSL, SMTP uses port 465. IMAP4 with SSL/TLS uses port 993, while POP3 with SSL/TLS uses port 995.

Answer 115

A. Power supply & C. Power cord If the wall outlet is functioning and the power cable is connected properly (always check the obvious), then the most likely culprits are the power supply or the power cord. The motherboard, CPU, and RAM are unlikely to cause a complete power failure in a computer.

Answer 116

C. A failing backlight & D. A failing inverter Perpetually dim or flickering screens are most likely caused by a failing backlight or inverter, which supplies power to the backlight. LCD devices are not subject to interference from fans. An incorrect video driver will not cause a flickering image.

Answer 117

D. IR Infrared has an operational range of about 1 meter. Near field communication (NFC) has a maximum range of about 10 centimeters. Wi-Fi depends on the standard, but it usually has a range of 30 meters or more. Bluetooth Class 2 devices can operate at about 10 meters.

Answer 118

D. S/MIME Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (S/MIME) is the public key encryption standard used for encrypting and decrypting email. SSL and TLS can encrypt network traffic but not an email message. IMAP is an email protocol, but there is no IMAPS.

Answer 119

C. CPU & D. Motherboard Continuous reboots are most likely caused by the motherboard or CPU failing. It’s possible it’s the RAM, but less likely. The power supply is the least likely cause of the problem in this scenario.

Answer 120

B. Loopback plug A loopback plug is used to test the ability of a network adapter to send and receive. The plug gets plugged into the NIC, and then a loopback test is performed using troubleshooting software. A tone generator and probe is used to trace a cable. Multimeters test for electrical issues. Cable testers are for verifying that a cable works properly.

Answer 121

B. Longer battery life & C. Easier to read in bright light E-readers that use electrophoretic ink (E Ink) have a longer battery life than tablets and are easier to read in bright light conditions. They do not have more vivid colors or better screen resolution.

Answer 122

A. The phone’s serial number The international mobile equipment identity (IMEI) is a 15-digit serial number that is unique to each phone. The international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) is a unique 15-digit identifier that describes a specific mobile user and their network. The secure element identifier (SEID) is a very long hexadecimal code that uniquely identifies the phone; it is used in security applications, NFC, and features like Apple Pay.

Answer 123

C. BSOD When Windows-based systems crash, as can happen due to a memory, CPU, or motherboard problem, they will most likely display a Blue Screen of Death (BSOD). The good news is that the BSOD can often provide useful information, such as an error code, to help troubleshoot the problem. There is no stop sign proprietary crash screen, and the pinwheel is used in macOS and OS X. A black screen may indicate a system crash but is not proprietary to one operating system.

Answer 124

C. The print head needs to be replaced. If there is a consistent blank space, it likely means that a pin is not firing properly and the print head needs to be replaced. If the print ribbon were old, you would have consistently faded printing. If the ribbon were not advancing properly, you would get light and dark printing. If the wrong driver were installed, you would get garbage.

Answer 125

A. Location Services Apple calls its GPS services Location Services. For the phone to use GPS (and to be tracked), Location Services should be enabled. There is no Apple service called Tracking Services. Airplane Mode would turn off GPS (and Location Services), but it needs to be enabled, not disabled.

Answer 126

C. Bluetooth connections do not reach as far as Wi-Fi connections. The range of Bluetooth connections is considered short compared to Wi-Fi connections. Bluetooth is a fully standardized protocol that supports file transfers using FTP. Rebooting, or even restarting, paired devices is not a requirement for Bluetooth connection.

Answer 127

D. Jumper Most motherboards have a jumper or similar momentary closure mechanism that will allow you to clear the CMOS memory of any user settings and cause the BIOS to use factory defaults, including no user or supervisor passwords.

Answer 128

B. You might find that your case has a nonremovable power supply. Personal computers do not have permanently installed power supplies. Like other electrical and electronic components, power supplies can and do fail on a regular basis. Permanently mounting a power supply to a chassis would be a disservice to the consumer. You should consider the cumulative power needs of your installed components, and you might have to obtain adapters and splitters if you do not have enough or you have the wrong types of connectors coming from the power supply.

Answer 129

D. Display different parts of your Desktop on different monitors. The multi-monitor feature allows two monitors to display exactly the same thing (clone) or to extend your Desktop onto the second monitor. There is no need to use one adapter to achieve this result. In fact, the two adapters don’t even have to use the same expansion-bus architecture. The two cards must, however, use the same graphics-adapter driver. Multi-monitor settings do not cause two Desktops to merge, nor do they allow two laptops to display the same Desktop.

Answer 130

B. Thick client Thick clients are standard desktop PCs. They stand in contrast to systems with specialized requirements, such as the remaining options.

Answer 131

C. Filament 3D printers use filament to create objects. Filament is often plastic, but it can contain metals too. There is no extrusion powder.

Answer 132

C. AM4 The AMD Ryzen 3, Ryzen 5, and Ryzen 7 CPUs use Socket AM4. AM2 and AM3 are used for older processors, such as the Phenom II, Athlon II, Sempron, and Opteron. Any socket that starts with LGA in its socket name is for Intel processors.

Answer 133

B. Single-sided, single-layer Blu-ray Disc Blu-ray discs have a single-sided, single-layer capacity of 25 GB. A double-sided, single layer DVD can store about 9.4 GB, and a double-sided, double-layer DVD can store about 171 GB.

Answer 134

B. LEDs & E. Fluorescent bulbs Early LCD monitors featured one or more fluorescent bulbs that were used to produce light that shone through the LCD panel. Modern LCD monitors have LED panels to generate the light, the advantage being that there is now a separate LED for each picture element instead of a common light source for the entire monitor. OLEDs do provide light, but RGB OLEDs are not used. Incandescent and halogen bulbs are not used for backlighting.

Answer 135

B. A RAID array Gaming PCs are not known for requiring fault tolerance or data persistence. RAID arrays, therefore, are generally not included. The other components are a benefit for gaming PCs, however.

Answer 136

B. Fuser assembly The fuser assembly presses and melts the toner into the paper. The transfer corona transfers the toner from the drum to the paper. The printer controller circuitry converts signals from the PC into signals for the various printer assemblies. The paper transport assembly controls the movement of the paper through the printer.

Answer 137

C. CPU & D. BIOS For virtualization to work, both the CPU and BIOS need to support it. The operating system does as well. Virtualization support may need to be manually enabled in the BIOS. RAM does not need to support virtualization, and neither does the motherboard (except for the BIOS).

Answer 138

A. Drive interface A conventional hard disk drive system consists of the hard disk and its often-integrated controller as well as a host adapter to gain access to the rest of the computer system. The drive interface is a common component of the controller and host adapter.

Answer 139

B. Lightning Starting with the iPhone 5, Apple products use the proprietary Lightning connector for charging and connecting peripherals. Thunderbolt connectors are on MacBooks for peripherals. iPhones do not have built-in USB connectors.

Answer 140

A. A computer running Windows 10 with 1 TB of data and 250 GB of applications installed The Windows 10 computer can be built as a normal system with a 2 TB or 3 TB drive. Windows IoT typically runs on a thin client. A type of CAD/CAM workstation capable of CNC would be used to create automotive wheel rims. A NAS is an ideal choice to take the place of both the Blu-ray player and DVR.

Answer 141

D. Dot-matrix printers Dot-matrix printers are impact printers and therefore can be used with multipart forms. Daisy-wheel printers can be used with multipart forms as well.

Answer 142

B. Thermal paste Thermal paste is used to attach heat sinks and fans to processors. A heat sink usually gets attached to the processor using thermal paste, and then the fan is attached to the heat sink. Superglue would make it adhere, but it does not transfer heat properly—it would likely melt and cause a mess.

Answer 143

D. Power supplies convert AC input to DC output. PC power supplies accept alternating current (AC) as input and produce direct current (DC) for the internal components. Europe requires the voltage selector switch be set at the higher setting. SATA drives most often use a specific power connector that is not compatible with the Molex connector used by PATA drives. Legacy AT-based motherboards called for P8 and P9 connectors; ATX motherboards have a newer 20- or 24-pin single power connector.

Answer 144

A. Thunderbolt Intel and Apple collaborated on Thunderbolt to add PCIe to VESA’s DisplayPort and to make the resulting interface smaller and less expensive to connect. HDMI, DVI, and VGA are not equivalent to DisplayPort with PCIe added in.

Answer 145

B. Network-attached storage device CAD/CAM design workstations, A/V editing workstations, and gaming PCs can all benefit from video enhancements. A NAS does not benefit from enhanced video and might not use a monitor at all.

Answer 146

A. +600VDC Because the toner on the drum has a slight negative charge (–100VDC), it requires a positive charge to transfer it to the paper; + 600VDC is the voltage used in an EP process laser printer.

Answer 147

B. 184 & F. 240 DIMMs used in desktop motherboard applications have one of four possible pin counts. SDR SDRAM is implemented on 168-pin modules. DDR SDRAM is implemented on 184-pin modules. DDR2 and DDR3 are implemented on 240-pin modules with different keying, and DDR4 DIMMs have 288 pins. Older dual-channel DIMM modules have 232 pins. Modules with 200 and 204 pins are used in the SODIMM line, and there are no modules with 180 pins.

Answer 148

C. microSD The smallest of the options is microSD, at 15 mm × 11 mm. Perhaps “micro” gives it away, but that also makes it easy to remember. SD cards are 32 mm × 24 mm. CompactFlash cards are the largest, at 36 mm × 43 mm. MiniSD cards measure at 21.5 mm × 20 mm, and xD cards are 20 mm × 25 mm.

Answer 149

D. Native resolution An LCD’s native resolution is the single, fixed resolution that provides optimal clarity. There is no default or burned-in resolution. The refresh rate is how quickly the image is re-drawn on the screen, and the aspect ratio is the ratio of the resolution.

Answer 150

D. Can run a full version of Windows These standard systems do not have any special requirements, only that they can run Windows and desktop applications. Thick clients do not need enhanced video, hard drives, or RAM.

Answer 151

A. Toner B. Print drum D. Cleaning blade An electrophotographic (EP) laser printer toner cartridge includes the toner, print drum, and cleaning blade. The laser is usually contained within the printer, not within the toner cartridge.

Answer 152

C. Reset button The reset button causes the computer to return to nearly the same point it is in when you power it on, but without the need for power cycling. Using Restart in the Start menu does not reboot as deeply as the reset button. Hibernation is a power state that completely removes power after saving the contents of RAM to the hard drive; pressing the power button is required to resume the session in the same manner as starting the computer after a complete shutdown. The power button cannot be used as a method of restarting the system.

Answer 153

A. +3.3VDC C. +5VDC D. –5VDC E. +12VDC F. –12VDC A PC’s power supply produces +3.3VDC, +5VDC, –5VDC, +12VDC, and –12VDC from a 110VAC input.

Answer 154

A. Lightning C. USB-C E. micro-USB USB cables and eSATA cables can transmit power and data. You will find Lightning, USB-C, and micro-USB connectors on the ends of USB cables. A Molex connector is power-only. A DB-9 is for serial cables and is data-only.

Answer 155

C. HDMI Because of its exceptional capabilities of digital video and audio output, as well as its potential for support of future standards, HDMI is the video output technology of choice. VGA, DVI, and component video (YCbCr and YPbPr) can’t make the same claim.

Answer 156

A. Download the firmware upgrade for free from the manufacturer’s website. Firmware upgrades for laser printers are downloaded for free from the manufacturer’s website. A technician does not need to install a new chip, because firmware is upgraded via software. It’s unlikely that the manufacturer will send you the upgrade on a DVD; it will refer you to its website to download it.

Answer 157

C. DIMM Pentium processors in a desktop always use DIMMs. DIPs and SIMMs are earlier forms of memory that have been obsolete for many years. SODIMMs are used in laptops.

Answer 158

A. Wattage Power supplies are rated in watts. When you purchase a power supply, you should make sure the devices inside the computer do not require more wattage than the chosen power supply can offer. The voltage is fairly standard among power supplies, and it has nothing to do with the devices connected to the power supply. Amperage and resistance are not selling points for power supplies. Another thing that could vary is the number of power connectors—make sure the new power supply has enough to support all installed peripherals.

Answer 159

D. As you lower the resolution, the maximum refresh rate allowed tends to increase. As you lower the resolution, the maximum refresh rate allowed tends to increase. The refresh rate is most often expressed in cycles per second (Hz), not millions of cycles per second (MHz). You must usually select the refresh rate that you want from the display settings dialogs, not through the monitor’s built-in menu system, although the monitor can often tell you the refresh rate that you’re using. Finally, both the monitor and adapter must agree on the refresh rate you select. If either device does not support a particular refresh rate, such a rate cannot be used.

Answer 160

D. The algorithms used in rendering graphics can be GPU-intensive. Quite simply, the rendering of 2D and 3D graphics makes use of complex algorithms that need all of the GPU power they can get to remain usable. CAD workstations deal with static images, not streaming video. Manufacturing equipment is generally slower than computers used for the design phase. The CPU still does its job, but CAD workstations call for high-end video, which includes graphics adapters with GPUs often more powerful than the system’s CPU.

Answer 161

D. Processing, charging, exposing, developing, transferring, fusing, cleaning The correct sequence in the EP imaging process is processing, charging, exposing, developing, transferring, fusing, and cleaning.

Answer 162

B. PCIe PCIe is the newest and fastest slot for video cards. AGP and PCI are legacy technologies. SATA is for hard drives.

Answer 163

D. It requires at least three drives to implement. RAID 5 arrays require a minimum of three hard drives to implement. If one drive fails, the data is fine and the system can still function, albeit slowly. If more than one drive fails, the system will be inoperable. RAID 5 provides both fault tolerance and a performance improvement.

Answer 164

C. Lumens When evaluating a projector, understand how many lumens it produces. You need to ensure that it will be bright enough for the environment in which it will be used. Most projectors can support multiple aspect ratios and resolutions.

Answer 165

C. Powerful CPU Graphic design and CAD/CAM design workstations do not require a powerful CPU. They can use a fast hard drive because the artist works with large images that can take a long time to load or save. Maximum RAM is needed to hold the highly detailed, sometimes 3D, artwork before saving. High-end video is necessary for assisting in the rendering and display of the images.

Answer 166

A. Exposing The exposing step uses a laser to discharge selected areas of the photosensitive drum, thus forming an image on the drum.

Answer 167

C. 16 GBps The PCIe 1.1 specification provided 250 MBps of throughput per lane per direction. With the 2.x versions of PCIe, this rate was doubled to 500 MBps. As a result, each v2.0 lane is capable of a combined 1GBps. A x16 slot consists of 16 lanes, for a total bidirectional throughput of 16 GBps.

Answer 168

A. Tape Although inefficient as an interactive medium, sequential tape-based storage continues to be developed in increasing capacities. Tape continues to be a good choice for frequently backing up large amounts of data for redundancy and archival purposes. Optical discs don’t have the same capacity, and neither do external hard drives. The cloud could be an option, but that is different from a network share.

Answer 169

B. 1920 × 1200 Dividing 16 by 10 produces a value of 1.6. Dividing the first number of a 16:10 resolution by the second number always results in 1.6. Therefore, the answer is 1920 × 1200. Resolutions with a 4:3 aspect ratio produce the value 1.33, while 5.4 resolutions such as 1280 × 1024 produce the value 1.25. 16:9 aspect ratios have a value of 1.78.

Answer 170

A. A/V editing workstation B. Gaming PC C. Graphic design workstation Virtualization workstations are the only custom configuration that requires CPU enhancements. For these types of systems, more cores are better. A/V editing workstations, gaming PCs, and graphic design workstations do not require CPU enhancements.

Answer 171

D. It allows the printer to communicate with networks, servers, and workstations. The rate of transfer and the ability to recognize new devices automatically are two of the major advantages that currently make USB the most popular type of printer interface. However, it is the network printer interface that allows the printer to communicate with networks, servers, and workstations.

Answer 172

C. 184-pin DIMM DDR SDRAM is manufactured on a 184-pin DIMM. DIMMs with 168 pins were used for SDR SDRAM. 224-pin DIMMs do not exist. DIMMs with 240 pins are used for DDR2 and DDR3 SDRAM.

Answer 173

B. SSHD A solid-state hybrid drive incorporates the features of both conventional magnetic-only hard drives and solid-state drives. As a result, the performance of an SSHD exceeds that of a hard drive but costs less than the equivalent-sized SSD. A dual-drive option still requires the purchase of a full-sized SSD. Adding the cost of the SSD and the HDD, the dual-drive solution does not satisfy the requirement of an affordable technology. NVMe is a form of solid-state drive and does not save money.

Answer 174

C. DB-9 DB-9 connectors are most often used with serial cables and are not associated with hard drives. USB-C, eSATA, and SCSI are examples of connectors used with hard drives.

Answer 175

A. Multiple GPUs generate more heat and can cause components to fail. Multiple video cards (to get multiple GPUs) can be a way to increase video performance. Such a configuration may generate too much heat for conventional cooling to dissipate before the system is damaged. The cooling has no effect on external controllers, and sound cards don’t generate much heat, but analog would certainly generate more than digital.

Answer 176

A. Parallel C. USB D. Network Printers can communicate via parallel, serial, USB, wireless, and network connections.

Answer 177

A. RG-6 The two RG standards used for cable television are RG-6 and RG-59. Of the two, RG-6 is better because it can run longer distances and can handle digital signals. RG-59 is for analog signals only. RG-8 is thicknet coax, and RG-58 is thinnet coax.

Answer 178

C. SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is responsible for sending email. IMAP4 and POP3 both receive email. SNMP is a network management protocol.

Answer 179

D. MAC filtering MAC filtering is a security option that can specify that only computers with specific MAC (hardware) addresses can access the network. Port forwarding is a feature of firewalls. WPS is an easy setup mechanism for wireless networks. SSID is the wireless network name.

Answer 180

D. AAAA The AAAA (quad A) record is used to represent IPv6 hosts. IPv4 hosts need an A record. The CNAME record is used if one host has alias (multiple) names. MX is for a mail server.

Answer 181

C. It converts DC power into AC power for the display backlight. The laptop power supply converts AC power and into DC power for the laptop’s internal circuitry. The display backlight, if used, needs AC power. The inverter’s job is to convert (invert) the DC power into AC power for the backlight.

Answer 182

A. Plenum For areas where a cable must be fire retardant, such as in a drop ceiling, you must run plenum-grade cable. Plenum refers to the coating on the sleeve of the cable, not the copper or fiber within the cable itself. PVC is the other type of coating typically found on network cables, but it produces poisonous gas when burned.

Answer 183

A. DNS DNS is typically known as a name resolver on the Internet, but it will work on private networks as well. DNS resolves hostnames to IP addresses. DHCP automatically configures clients with IP address information. FTP is for file downloads. APIPA is a process used to assign clients a private IP address automatically when they can’t reach the DHCP server.

Answer 184

B. Broad availability & C. Low cost Dial-up Internet is archaic by today’s standards, but it is widely available (anywhere there is phone service), and it’s generally lower in cost than other Internet access methods. It’s definitely not high speed, and its security is really no different from that of broadband Internet access methods.

Answer 185

C. In the secure network If the data on the server does not need to be accessed via the Internet, then the server should be in the most secure place possible, which is inside the firewall(s) in the secure network.

Answer 186

C. Calibrate the battery. Battery calibration for Li-ion batteries allows the powered device to drain the battery’s power before recharging. Battery exercising is the initial charging and discharging of nickel-based batteries so that they will function as expected. You should never short a battery’s terminals, and replacement is a last resort, used when any battery has reached the end of its life.

Answer 187

D. LC The local connector (LC) is a mini form factor (MFF) fiber-optic connector developed by Lucent Technologies. If it helps, think of LC as “Little Connector.”

Answer 188

D. IMAP4 IMAP4 and POP3 are the two protocols that are used for email delivery. Of the two, only IMAP4 provides security features. SMTP sends email. SNMP is a network management protocol.

Answer 189

D. BRI ISDN Basic rate interface ISDN (BRI ISDN) provides two separate 64 Kbps B channels for data transmissions. These channels can be combined to increase throughput. A PRI ISDN uses 23 B channels. DSL, cable, and satellite do not offer multiple dedicated digital channels.

Answer 190

B. 6 GB There needs to be enough RAM to support both OSs, so the answer is 6 GB. More is better, though!

Answer 191

D. The most common form factors for laptop hard drives is smaller than that of a desktop hard drive. Laptop hard drives commonly have a 2ʺ form factor, and smaller drives, such as M.2, are becoming more popular. The most common form factor for desktop hard drives is 3ʺ. Laptop hard drives use the same drive technologies as their desktop counterparts, such as serial and parallel ATA. As with desktop hard drives, laptop hard drives are available in both solid-state and conventional varieties. Unlike desktop hard drives, laptop hard drives do not have separate power connectors.

Answer 192

D. Fiber-optic cabling Companies that want to ensure the safety and integrity of their data should use fiber-optic cable because it is not affected by electromagnetic or radio-frequency interference. Even though some copper cables have shielding, they are not immune to EMI or RFI. This eliminates twisted-pair and coaxial. CSMA/CD is an access method, not a cable type.

Answer 193

B. HTTPS The HTTP protocol is inherently unsecure, but the HTTPS protocol is secure. (SSH and TLS are secure as well, but they are not protocols used to connect to websites.)

Answer 194

D. NAT Network Address Translation (NAT) allows users to have a private IP address and still access the Internet with a public IP address. NAT is installed on a router and translates the private IP address into a public address for the user to access the Internet. DHCP assigns IP configuration information to clients. DNS resolves hostnames to IP addresses. A DMZ is an area on a network between an external router and an internal router.

Answer 195

A. Zone file DNS server records are contained in the zone file, which must be configured by administrators. A hosts file is an alternative to using DNS (but that does not work well when scaling to the Internet). A scope is created on DHCP servers. There is no DNS proxy.

Answer 196

B. DC adapter A DC adapter converts the DC output from a car or airplane accessory power plug into the DC voltages required by your laptop. An AC adapter is used with standard wall electrical outlets. There is no battery converter. Airplane mode shuts off all wireless communications.

Answer 197

C. Fiber-optic Fiber-optic cable can span distances of several kilometers because it has much lower attenuation, crosstalk, and interference as compared to copper cables.

Answer 198

D. It can’t reach the DHCP server. The address assigned to the computer is an APIPA address. Microsoft client computers (and others) will configure themselves with an address in this range if they are unable to reach a DHCP server.

Answer 199

C. WPA2 WEP was the original encryption standard developed for Wi-Fi networks, but it is easily hacked. WPA is an upgrade, but WPA2 is more secure and incorporates the entire 802.11i standard. SAFER+ is used to encrypt Bluetooth communications.

Answer 200

B. IDS is passive, whereas IPS is active. IDS devices are passive. They will detect, log, and perhaps send an alert, but that’s it. An IPS can take active steps to shut down an attack if it detects one. Both devices will monitor internal network traffic as well as incoming traffic.

Answer 201

D. By searching the manufacturer’s website Laptop service manuals can be obtained from the manufacturer’s website. It’s very rare that paper service manuals are shipped with the laptop. Pressing F1 while in Windows will open Windows Help, and pressing F2 on many laptops during the system boot will take you into the BIOS.

Answer 202

A. 10GBaseER If you need to make a connection that is 5 kilometers long, then you are limited to fiber-optic cable—specifically, single-mode fiber (SMF). The two common SMF standards are 10GBaseER and 10GBaseEW. (Think of the E as extended.) A T designation in an Ethernet standard refers to twisted pair. SR and LR are fiber standards that do not stretch for 5 kilometers.

Answer 203

A. Telnet Telnet uses port 23. SSH uses port 22; FTP uses ports 20 and 21; and DNS uses port 53.

Answer 204

A. MIMO & C. Channel bonding The two technologies that 802.11ac employs to achieve high throughput are channel bonding and MIMO. Channel bonding is the combination of multiple smaller channels into one large channel for greater bandwidth. MIMO is enhanced over 802.11n to allow for more multiple inputs and outputs. 802.11ac also uses beamforming, but that helps the range, not the throughput.

Answer 205

A. Accepting print jobs from clients & C. Providing clients with the appropriate printer driver during installation Print servers should make printers available to clients and accept print jobs. They also process print jobs and manage print priorities. Finally, they provide client computers with the right print drivers when the clients attempt to install the printer. They do not turn printers off on demand nor provide notification that a job has printed.

Answer 206

C. Digitizer The user needs a digitizer, which takes input from the device, such as drawn images, and converts them into electronic images on the computer. The user could also use a touchscreen for the same purpose. An inverter changes DC power into AC power for a display backlight. There is no capturer laptop device. A touchpad is a pointing device that allows a user to control the mouse cursor.

Answer 207

D. Hub A hub or a switch is at the center of a star topology. A NIC is a network card, which each computer must have to be on the network. Bridges and routers are higher-level connectivity devices that connect network segments or separate networks together.

Answer 208

D. None of the above An IPv6 interface is not limited in the number of addresses that it can be assigned, although there could be limitations based upon practicality.

Answer 209

B. The security passphrase To join the network, client computers need to find the SSID, ensure that the security settings are correct (to match the router), and enter the security passphrase. As an administrator, you should have configured this passphrase to be different from the router’s administrator password.

Answer 210

D. Hybrid A hybrid cloud provides the best of public and private clouds. You get the scalability and cost effectiveness of a public cloud but the security that you need for important files on the private portion of the cloud.

Answer 211

A. Wi-Fi function key Your best bet is to turn off your wireless connection immediately in order to sever the tie between your laptop and the public network. This is done using the Wi-Fi function key. Cellular and Bluetooth are different wireless connections. A laptop lock prevents a device from being physically stolen.

Answer 212

D. Managed switch A managed switch can create virtual LANs (VLANs) using its management software. A firewall is a hardware or software solution that serves as your network’s security guard. Repeaters and unmanaged switches cannot create VLANs.

Answer 213

B. DHCP A Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server provides IP configuration information to hosts when they join the network. A Domain Name System (DNS) server resolves hostnames to IP addresses. NAT translates private IP addresses into public IP addresses. There is no IP configuration server.

Answer 214

C. WPA2 If your router is using AES, the clients will need to use WPA2. TKIP is a protocol utilized by WPA. WEP is the weakest of the encryption options.

Answer 215

B. The firewall is blocking TCP port 443. For secure transactions, the web server should be using HTTPS, which uses port 443. If non-secure portions of the website work, then the server is fine. It’s most likely that the firewall is blocking inbound traffic on port 443.

Answer 216

A. Inverter & B. Screen The components of an LCD screen are the inverter, screen, and backlight. LCD display units will also have a Wi-Fi antenna (not the card), webcam, and microphone. There is no backdrop component.

Answer 217

C. Bridge & D. Switch Bridges and switches are Layer 2 devices; therefore, they work with hardware (MAC) addresses. Hubs operate at Layer 1 and deal with bits, and routers operate at Layer 3 and work with logical IP addresses.

Answer 218

C. TCP & D. UDP The two protocols that work at the Host-to-Host layer are TCP and UDP. IP and ARP both work at the Internet layer.

Answer 219

B. ACL The set of rules for access on a firewall is called an access control list (ACL). An SLA is an agreement on service level for QoS. A whitelist may be part of an ACL but is not the set of rules. A DMZ is a subnet located between an external network router and an internal router.

Answer 220

A. Proxy A proxy server can be configured to block access to websites that contain potentially dangerous or inflammatory material. Web servers host web pages, some of which may have objectionable content. DHCP servers provide clients with IP addresses, and DNS servers resolve host names to IP addresses.

Answer 221

A. Docking station A docking station made specifically for its associated brand and model of laptop can host desktop components permanently, regardless of whether the laptop is attached to the docking station. When the laptop’s portability is not required, but instead use of the desktop components is the priority, attaching the laptop to the docking station makes such components available to the laptop without separately attaching each component.

Answer 222

A. A single cable break can cause complete network disruption. C. It uses a single backbone computer to connect all network devices. D. It uses a dual-ring configuration. In a star network, all systems are connected using a central device, such as a hub or a switch. The network is not disrupted for other users when more systems are added or removed. The star network design is used with today’s UTP-based networks.

Answer 223

A. Acknowledged delivery & D. Virtual circuits TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that establishes virtual circuits and acknowledges delivery of packets. Because of these features, it has higher overhead than UDP and is a little slower.

Answer 224

B. 802.11b & D. 802.11 g Both 802.11b and 802.11 g operate in the 2.4 GHz range and use similar transmission standards. Many devices on the market are listed as 802.11b/g, meaning they will work with either system. Alternatively, 802.11a and 802.11ac operate in the 5 GHz range.

Answer 225

A. A 386 processor B. The IPX/SPX protocol C. An application developed in 1983 Legacy systems are ones that use older hardware, software, or network protocols that are not commonly used today. A system with only 1 GB RAM might be underpowered, but that in and of itself does not make it a legacy system.

Answer 226

D. Airplane mode function key When enabled, Airplane mode turns off all wireless communications, including Wi-Fi, cellular, Bluetooth, and GPS. Wireless, cellular, and Bluetooth function keys will toggle on or off that particular communication method, but not all wireless communications.

Answer 227

C. CPU The processor runs the hottest of all computer components and is the most likely to overheat. Motherboards and RAM don’t generate a lot of heat. Power supplies most often have fans to help dissipate heat, and don’t run as hot as CPUs.

Answer 228

B. BIOS/UEFI If the hard drive is not recognized, the BIOS/UEFI is the place to check. Most systems do not come with built-in S.M.A.R.T. diagnostics software, even if the hard drive is capable of gathering S.M.A.R.T. data. And if there were one, it would give you potential errors on a working drive. Windows Device Manager is inaccessible without the drive being recognized. There is no boot sector manager, although this issue could be related to the boot sector.

Answer 229

C. Receiver It’s the receiver’s job to perform triangulation to determine its position based on data received from the satellites. Satellites send signals to the GPS receiver to help it determine its location. The ground control network monitors the status of the satellites and signal strength.

Answer 230

C. Baseband OS Each mobile phone has a separate processor that manages wireless communications, also known as radio communications or baseband communications. There is a baseband OS that manages this, and it works with the primary OS on the phone. A SIM OS is for managing data transfers between the phone and the SIM chip. There is no wireless OS.

Answer 231

A. BIOS time and setting resets & B. Attempts to boot to the incorrect device When the system is powered off, BIOS settings on a motherboard are maintained by the CMOS battery. If the battery fails, the system will likely forget the BIOS time and date settings and the boot order configuration. Replacing the CMOS battery will resolve the issue.

Answer 232

C. You need to replace the failed drive, and the data on the array is lost. A RAID 0 array is also known as disk striping. RAID 0 actually decreases your fault tolerance versus one hard drive because there are more points of failure. You need to replace the drive, and hopefully you had it backed up so that you can restore the data.

Answer 233

C. 424 Kbps The fastest NFC can transfer data is 424 Kbps. The three speeds supported by NFC are 106 Kbps, 212 Kbps, and 424 Kbps. NFC does not currently support 636 Kbps.

Answer 234

D. Cloud Synchronizing to the cloud allows the user to access the synched data from anywhere. Syncing to the automobile isn’t generally used for data storage—in any case, the user would need to attach to the automobile to get to the data. There is no sync to email option. Syncing to a desktop can happen, but the data is not available unless the user’s mobile device is connected to that desktop.

Answer 235

D. Look up the beep code on the manufacturer’s website. This system is producing a beep code and not completing the POST process. Different BIOS manufacturers use different beep codes. Look up this beep code on the manufacturer’s website before replacing any hardware.

Answer 236

D. Tone generator and probe A tone generator and probe is used to trace a cable from one location to another. A loopback plug is for testing the ability of a network adapter to send and receive. Punch-down tools are used to connect the wires of a cable to a wiring rack, such as a 110-block. Cable testers are for verifying that a cable works properly.

Answer 237

D. When a Wi-Fi device uses another device’s cellular connection to get on the Internet Tethering is when a Wi-Fi enabled device attaches to a cellular device to get on the Internet. The cellular device is usually called a mobile hotspot.

Answer 238

B. PRL When roaming, the mobile device will use the Preferred Roaming List (PRL) to connect to the proper cell phone tower. The Product Release Instruction (PRI) contains settings for configuration items on the device that are specific to the network that it’s on. Baseband refers to all wireless communications. The international mobile equipment identity (IMEI) is a 15-digit serial number that is unique to each phone, and is not relevant to this issue.

Answer 239

A. Failed hard drive Only components with moving parts can make ticking or clicking noises. (Bombs can too, but hopefully you recognized that as a fake answer!) This question assumes that the hard drive is an HDD and not an SSD, but none of the other components would make a ticking noise.

Answer 240

B. The LCD display It has to be a problem with the LCD display. If it were the video card, the display would appear warped and fuzzy on the external monitor as well. While many motherboards contain video circuitry, this answer is not specific enough. If the video driver were corrupted, you would have the same problem on all displays.

Answer 241

A. watchOS Apple created a new OS for its watch called watchOS. It’s very similar to iOS but designed for the smaller screen. macOS is Apple’s desktop OS, and there is no current AppleOS.

Answer 242

B. IMSI The international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) is a unique 15-digit identifier that describes a specific mobile user and their network. The international mobile equipment identity (IMEI) is a 15-digit serial number that is unique to each phone. The integrated circuit card identifier (ICCID) is the identifier for the SIM card. The secure element identifier (SEID) is a very long hexadecimal code that uniquely identifies the phone; it is used in security applications, NFC, and features like Apple Pay.

Answer 243

C. Establish a theory of probable cause. The second step in the best practice methodology is to establish a theory of probable cause (question the obvious). As part of that, if necessary, conduct external or internal research based on symptoms.

Answer 244

D. Hold the power button for 10 seconds to force the device to power off The first step should be to try to reboot the device. In most cases with a frozen smartphone, holding the power button down for about 10 seconds will force it to power off. If that doesn’t work, then you can move to trying to reset the phone by holding down the power button and the sleep/wake button for 10 seconds. There is no need to restore the device to factory settings (yet) or replace the battery.

Answer 245

B. 24 GPS uses 24 satellites. There are 32 GPS satellites in space, but the extra 8 are backups.

Answer 246

B. The TCP ports used for configuring access are usually standard port numbers. Mail access uses standard secure or unsecure TCP ports, not UDP ports. Exchange access to such mail services is not unheard of, but it is exceedingly rare. Mobile devices tend to have email clients built in.

Answer 247

B. Establish a theory of probable cause. The second step in the best practice methodology is to establish a theory of probable cause (question the obvious). While it makes sense to question the obvious at all times during troubleshooting, it officially falls under this step in the best practice methodology.

Answer 248

A. There is a groove or scratch in the EP drum. The most likely cause is a groove or a scratch in the EP drum. Toner is collecting in that groove or scratch, and then it is being deposited onto the page. A broken drum-cleaning blade would result in unreadable images (too much toner). Low toner would cause faded images, and a bad transfer corona wire would cause blank images.

Answer 249

D. GRiDPad Released in 1989, GRiDPad was the first commercial tablet. None of the others were released until at least the year 2000.

Answer 250

B. Wi-Fi & C. Cellular You can create virtual private network (VPN) connections on a mobile device using Wi-Fi or cellular network connections. Bluetooth and NFC are not used to create VPNs.

Answer 251

A. Power supply

Answer 252

B. Stop and restart the print spooler If print jobs are seemingly getting “stuck” in the printer queue, you should stop and restart the print spooler service. There is no Printer Troubleshooting utility. Deleting and reinstalling the printer and/or Windows is not necessary.

Answer 253

C. AR Google Glass uses augmented reality (AR) technology, which is common on heads-up types of displays. Virtual reality (VR) is provided by devices such as Oculus Rift. There is no retinal projection display used with mobile devices. OCR stands for optical character recognition, which is not a technology covered in this chapter or on the A+ exam. (It’s used to translate documents after they’ve been scanned in on a scanner.)

Answer 254

C. SSO The devices verify each other’s identity via mutual authentication for multiple services (SSO). Pairing is done for the initial connection. S/MIME is used to send and receive encrypted email. Synchronization is used between a mobile device and a desktop/laptop or the cloud.

Answer 255

B. Motherboard Capacitors store energy and are located on the motherboard and inside the power supply. Since the capacitors are exposed, it likely means the technician is seeing the problem on the motherboard. CPUs and RAM do not have capacitors.

Answer 256

C. A bad erasure lamp & D. A broken cleaning blade Seeing images from previous print jobs is a phenomenon called ghosting (or ghost images). It’s most likely due to a bad erasure lamp or a broken cleaning blade. If the transfer corona wire were faulty, there would likely be blank pages. An overheating printer will not necessarily leave residue behind.

Answer 257

C. PCIe graphics adapter System components are essential for the basic functionality of a computer system. Many of the landmarks found on the motherboard can be considered system components, even expansion slots, to a degree. What you plug into those slots, however, must be considered peripheral to the basic operation of the system. See Chapter 1 for more information.

Answer 258

B. 465 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) uses port 465 when secured with SSL. Port 25 is used with SMTP when an unsecure connection is used. SMTP uses port 587 when secured with TLS. Port 993 is used by secure IMAP.

Answer 259

B. The spin rate should be 7,200 rpm or faster. With nonlinear encoding (NLE) software, fast drives are a must. Furthermore, the hard drive housing the application being used for editing should not be the same as the one where the operating system resides. Uncoupling the two leads to the ability for concurrent access and lack of contention, thus avoiding performance degradation. Although it is true that SATA 6 Gbps is a wise choice for the drive interface, there is no such PATA (IDE) standard.

Answer 260

A. Dual monitors Dual monitors are not required for a network-attached storage (NAS) device; it might not even use a monitor. A NAS will use file sharing and benefit from a Gigabit NIC and RAID array. See Chapter 4 for more information.

Answer 261

C. Transfer corona The transfer corona in the laser printer puts a positive charge on the paper, forcing the toner on a negatively charged drum to transfer to the paper.

Answer 262

C. NAS The NAS is a computer that is designed to share resources such as files and media for streaming. Other computers may use file sharing, but it is not a prominent feature to be designed around.

Answer 263

B. Peer-to-peer mode Card emulation mode, reader/writer mode, and peer-to-peer mode are the three valid NFC communication modes. For two devices to transmit to each other, they will use peer-to-peer mode. For more information, see Chapter 11.

Answer 264

B. MicroDIMM & D. SODIMM The two laptop memory form factor standards are the SODIMM and MicroDIMM. There is no MiniDIMM or SlotDIMM memory.

Answer 265

B. Motherboard Motherboards do not aid in the cooling process. Heat sinks draw heat away from components and radiate it via fins. Fans on the heat sinks flush them with cooler air, and system fans help in removing warmer air from the system or introducing cooler air into the system. Slot covers ensure that the original airflow design of the system case is not compromised.

Answer 266

B. 3.5 GB If the laptop is using shared video memory, then the system memory is shared with the video card. If the video card is using 512 MB (half a gigabyte), then there is 3.5 GB left for the system. See Chapter 10 for more information.

Answer 267

A. Obtain the address from a DHCPv6 server C. Configure the address manually D. Assign a random address IPv6 interface IDs can be assigned in one of four ways. They can be assigned through a DHCPv6 server, based on the MAC address of the adapter, configured manually, or assigned randomly. They cannot be assigned based on any of the CPU’s identifying information.

Answer 268

A. Bus Because of its design, which includes a central trunk that runs the distance between the two most distant computers (as long as it does not exceed the maximum distance allowed for the cabling), a bus topology requires the least amount of cable. Mesh networks require the most cabling, and star and hybrid networks are somewhere in the middle.

Answer 269

C. AirPrint AirPrint was created by Apple to let iPhones and iPads print without installing a printer driver. See Chapter 5 for more information.

Answer 270

B. Synchronization Synchronization can copy all contacts, apps, email, pictures, music, videos, calendars, bookmarks, documents, location data, social media data, e-books, and passwords between a mobile device and a computer. Mirroring is a term reserved for when devices replicate themselves to similar devices. Calling the contacts won’t achieve the desired result, and emailing contacts is inefficient and does not immediately result in placing the contacts on the computer.

Answer 271

D. UEFI The Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) enhances the classic BIOS concept by starting with a base configuration and allowing its extension through UEFI partitions on attached storage devices.

Answer 272

A. DL DL stands for double (or dual) layer. With DVDs, the capacity almost doubles, but with Blu-ray Discs, it actually does. R means recordable, and RW and RE are used to designate re-writeable or re-recordable, respectively. See Chapter 2 for more information.

Answer 273

D. P and Y code Military applications use Precise (P) code as well as encrypted Precise (Y) code. Using both makes it more accurate than using civilian Coarse Action (C/A) code.

Answer 274

C. Fusing The drum is first charged to prepare for the exposing stage, which charges the print pattern onto the drum. After toner is applied to the drum, the toner is transferred to paper. At this point, the toner is melted and fused to the paper by using heat.

Answer 275

C. Proxy A proxy server can be configured to block access to websites containing potentially objectionable material. Web servers host websites. There is no specific security server, although there are authentication servers, which provide security. A DNS server resolves host names to IP addresses. See Chapter 9 for more information.

Answer 276

C. 802.11g Both 802.11a and 802.11g provide data transmission speeds of up to 54 Mbps, but only 802.11g is backward compatible with 802.11b. 802.11b goes up only to 11Mbps. 802.11i is a security standard.

Answer 277

A. OpenGL & C. CUDA CUDA, by NVIDIA, and OpenGL, its open-standard counterpart, are graphics-centric parallel computing architectures designed to speed up graphics processing on video cards.

Answer 278

D. Finger Capacitive touchscreens react to slight changes in electrical charges. The human finger is used as an input device for capacitive touchscreens. For more information, see Chapter 11.

Answer 279

D. 100BaseFX 100BaseFX is a standard that uses fiber-optic cables. Therefore, CAT-5 cabling will not work.

Answer 280

C. Tractor feed Dot-matrix printers often use tractor feed paper-feed mechanisms. These are designed to pull or weave the paper through the printer. Some can use regular printer paper.

Answer 281

B. ISP An Internet service provider (ISP) provides direct access to the Internet. ASP is a programming language. DNS resolves host names to IP addresses. DNP is not a computer networking acronym. See Chapter 8 for more information.

Answer 282

B. 192.168.32.1 Private, non-routable addresses are 10.0.0.0-10.255.255.255, 172.16.0.0-172.31.255.255, and 192.168.0.0-192.168.255.255.

Answer 283

B. Dual rail The dual rail feature of modern power supplies provides independent 12VDC rails, which allow dedication of power to specific components, but which do not allow a single component to access the collective power from both rails.

Answer 284

D. Hypervisor The hypervisor is the key piece of software needed for virtualization. Terminal emulation, process replication, and hyperthreading are not related to client-side virtualization. See Chapter 9 for more information.

Answer 285

D. Power supply The most likely culprit is the power supply. It’s possible but highly unlikely that the motherboard, CPU, or RAM could be causing the issue. It’s definitely not the power cord, because the system is getting power.

Answer 286

A. It automatically recognizes new devices. B. It has a higher transfer rate than a parallel connection. C. It has a higher transfer rate than a serial connection. The rate of transfer and the ability to automatically recognize new devices are two of the major advantages that make USB a popular type of printer interface. However, it is the network printer interface that allows the printer to communicate with networks, servers, and workstations.

Answer 287

B. Multimeter & C. Cable tester A multimeter is specifically designed to test for electrical characteristics, so it would be the best tool to choose. Cable testers are for verifying that a cable works properly; some are capable of testing resistance. A loopback plug is for testing the ability of a network adapter to send and receive. A tone generator and probe is used to trace a cable from one location to another. See Chapter 14 for more information.

Answer 288

B. The print ribbon is not advancing properly. If an impact printer outputs dark to light across a page, that means that the printer ribbon is not advancing properly; the gear likely needs to be replaced. If the output were consistently faded, then you would replace the ribbon.

Answer 289

C. DVI-D interfaces have more pins than DVI-A interfaces. & D. DVI-A interfaces have the same color code as VGA interfaces. Despite the analog pins that DVI-D does not use, DVI-A interfaces use two fewer pins than DVI-D interfaces. The interfaces are the same size and both use an off-white color code, not the blue VGA color code.

Answer 290

A. Slots & B. Fan connectors Motherboards commonly have RAM slots and expansion slots. Older motherboards even had CPU slots. Modern motherboards have connectors for powering cooling fans. Gyroscopes are most commonly found in mobile devices. Scanners are external devices. Although there might be one or more types of HDD interfaces built into the motherboard, the HDD itself is not. See Chapter 1 for more information.

Answer 291

D. Improper S/MIME configuration If a user can’t decrypt email, it is most likely because S/MIME settings are not properly enabled on the email account, which means installing the certificate (and by extension, a private key) on the mobile device. It could be that the email client software got corrupt, but that’s unlikely because other email works. The username and password are correct because the user is receiving other email. GPS has nothing to do with email.

Answer 292

D. A TV tuner card TV tuner cards can decode the same signal used by televisions. Video capture cards can store the resulting video stream, but they cannot help with deciding the signal for display.

Answer 293

C. Molex & D. DB-9 USB cables are multipurpose cables that connect many types of peripherals. Connectors include USB-C, Lightning, and eSATA. Molex connectors provide power to PATA hard drives and optical drives. A DB-9 connector is found on the end of a serial cable. See Chapter 3 for more information.

Answer 294

C. 802.11g The 802.11g standard supports speeds up to 54 Mbps. 802.11i is a set of security standards, and 802.11b supports only up to 11 Mbps. Bluetooth is limited to 3 Mbps.

Answer 295

C. Primary corona The primary corona wire applies a negative charge to the drum after it has gone through the cleaning phase.

Answer 296

D. Thick client A thick client is any computer system with a standard configuration. The gaming PC has enhancements over thick clients to their CPU, video, audio, and cooling. The NAS (network-attached storage) must have specialized capabilities and services along with a faster NIC than the thick client and a RAID array. The thin client is a lesser device in comparison to the thick client, but that cost-saving feature is its enhancement. These less expensive computers can connect over the network to servers for their operating system images and applications. See Chapter 4 for more information.

Answer 297

A. Rapid elasticity The ability to quickly expand services is called rapid elasticity. On-demand self-service means that clients can get new resources without supplier intervention. Resource pooling is taking resources from multiple machines and making them available as one pool. Measured service is how many suppliers track usage and charge accordingly.

Answer 298

B. A computer with advanced graphics and high-end cooling Gaming PCs are characterized by their enhanced GPUs, audio features, and cooling.

Answer 299

C. It creates an image of the page on the drum. The laser creates an image on the photosensitive drum that is then transferred to the paper by the transfer corona. The fuser heats up the toner so that it adheres to the page. The transfer corona charges the page, and the eraser lamp cleans the drum before a page is printed. A rubber blade is also used to remove toner physically from the drum. See Chapter 5 for more information.

Answer 300

B. Resistive The two major classifications of touchscreens are capacitive and resistive. Capacitive touchscreens are responsive to slight changes in electricity, and resistive touchscreens are responsive to pressure. Resistive touchscreens usually require the use of a hard object, such as a stylus.

Answer 301

B. Fiber-optic Because fiber-optic cables use light pulses over a glass fiber, as opposed to electrical signals over a copper conductor, fiber-optic cable is not susceptible to EMI. Coaxial and twisted-pair are copper cables, so they are susceptible to EMI. Ethernet is not a cable type, but a network access method.

Answer 302

A. Native resolution The native resolution refers to how many pixels an LCD screen can display (across and down) without distortion. The native resolution is based on the placement of the actual transistors that create the image by twisting the liquid crystals. The contrast ratio is the measurement between the darkest color and the lightest color that an LCD screen can display. Monitors do not measure contrast ratio. Aspect ratio measures the width of the image versus its height. See Chapter 3 for more information.

Answer 303

C. Shake the toner cartridge Most documents have more characters printed on the left side of the paper than on the right side. Therefore, the toner from the left side of the cartridge runs out sooner, and the print on the left side of the documents will be faint. Shaking the toner cartridge redistributes the toner evenly on both sides.

Answer 304

C. Operating system passwords The CMOS memory only stores hardware-level settings, not those related to operating systems. Those settings are kept in files maintained by the operating systems.

Answer 305

A. SaaS Google Docs is software, so it is an example of Software as a Service (SaaS). IaaS is Infrastructure as a Service. PaaS is Platform as a Service. GaaS is neither a test objective nor currently a cloud service type. See Chapter 9 for more information.

Answer 306

C. Toggle the display output on the laptop using the function (Fn) key Laptops have three or four video output settings: laptop only, duplicate, external monitor only, or extend the desktop. You can toggle through them using the function (Fn) key in combination with another key, such as F4 or F7. Rebooting is not necessary. There is likely not a laptop input setting on a projector, and the display output setting is not in Control Panel.

Answer 307

D. Parity checking Parity checking stores an extra bit with each byte in memory. When a byte is received by the CPU or a device that supports DMA, the validity of the parity bit is checked. If the check shows an error, the byte is rejected because there is no way to determine the nature of the error. ECC works differently, and it is capable of correcting single-bit errors. Single-channel and single-sided are physical characteristics, not error-checking schemes.

Answer 308

C. S/MIME The Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (S/MIME) standard for public key encryption is used to create and read encrypted emails. POP3 and SMTP are standard email protocols. VPNs create a private network over a public network, but they do not encrypt email content. For more information, see Chapter 12.

Answer 309

A. Use the cell phone to create a mobile hotspot. By creating a mobile hotspot, the cell phone will allow the laptop to connect to it using Wi-Fi. Then use the cellular connection on the phone to get on the Internet.

Answer 310

A. 10,000 rpm The faster a hard disk drive spins its platters, the faster that data can be read or written. Hard drives are manufactured to spin at a certain speed, most of which are given as options here. Therefore, the fastest speed listed, 10,000 rpm, could be considered optimal, at least in terms of read/write performance. It will also generate the most heat of any of the options.

Answer 311

D. Synchronization Synchronizing a mobile device with a computer system allows you to mirror personal data between the devices, regardless of which one contains the most current data. Calibration refers to matching the device’s and user’s perceptions of where the user is touching the screen. Remote wipes allow you to remove personal data from a lost or stolen device. Pairing is what must be done in Bluetooth for two Bluetooth devices to connect and communicate. For more information, see Chapter 12.

Answer 312

B. SMTP SMTP is for sending email to an email server. The IMAP and POP3 protocols can be used to retrieve email from mail servers. FTP is for file transfers.

Answer 313

A. You need an adapter to connect to your motherboard. Device connectors for hard drives are the same as they have been since each one was introduced. It’s the motherboard power header that changes from time to time. Adapters exist to bridge the discrepancy, which means that there is a way to use the 24-pin ATX power supply with the other connectors on the older motherboard.

Answer 314

C. Molex The standard peripheral power connector, or Molex connector, is commonly used on larger drives because it allows more current to flow to the drive than smaller peripheral connectors. AT and ATX system connectors are used to connect the power supply to the motherboard. A Berg connector was used for floppy disk drives.

Answer 315

B. The fuser is not heating properly. If the fuser does not heat properly, toner will not bond to the paper, and you will have smearing. White streaks on printouts are most likely caused by toner on the transfer corona wire. Vertical black lines are caused by a scratch or a groove in the EP drum. Faulty printer drivers will cause garbage to print, or there will be no printing at all.

Answer 316

B. Thermal Thermal printers use either heat only or heat along with a ribbon that contains a wax-based ink. Bubble-jet and dot-matrix printers use liquid ink, and laser printers use toner.

Answer 317

C. Maximum RAM and CPU cores Virtualization workstations require more RAM than standard systems and need to be equipped with as many multicore processors as possible. Video and audio are not resources that need to be enhanced for such workstations. Although a RAID array is a wise addition whenever a NAS with valuable information is involved, a virtualization workstation does not require one.

Answer 318

C. Test connectivity The steps for Bluetooth pairing are: enable Bluetooth, enable pairing, find a device for pairing, enter the appropriate PIN code, and test connectivity. Turning the devices off and back on is not required for pairing.

Answer 319

C. Secure Boot Secure Boot loads boot files only if their digital signatures are valid. The boot files checked include option ROMs, the boot loader, and other operating system boot files.

Answer 320

B. Remove old files and applications to free up disk space Hard drive performance can slow down if the drive gets short on space, particularly under 10 percent of free space. First, try removing old files and applications to free up disk space. If that doesn’t resolve it, then defragment. If neither of those work, you could have a failing hard drive.

Answer 321

A. HTTPS Hypertext Transfer Protocol (Secure) is a combination of HTTP with Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) to make for a secure connection. It uses port 443 by default, and the beginning of the site address becomes https://. Telnet is an unsecure terminal-emulation protocol.

Answer 322

A. A/V editing workstation B. CAD/CAM design workstation C. NAS A/V editing workstations and CAD/CAM workstations need fast drives. Even the non-fault-tolerant RAID 0 benefits these computers by increasing the speed of drive access. Network-attached storage (NAS) devices store a large amount of information that would be devastating to lose. The gaming PC needs a fast processor and video card, but has no need for large drive arrays. Thin clients usually have no drives at all.

Answer 323

D. IMAP The IMAP and POP3 protocols can be used to retrieve email from mail servers. DNS is used to resolve host names to IP addresses. FTP is for file transfers, and SMTP is used to send email. See Chapter 7 for more information.

Answer 324

B. DSL C. Cable D. Fiber-optic Dial-up is the predecessor to broadband access. Available broadband methods include DSL, cable, fiber-optic, and satellite.

Answer 325

C. CUDA is proprietary, and OpenCL is not. CUDA, a proprietary architecture from NVIDIA, and OpenCL, an open architecture, are both graphics-based parallel processing architectures.

Answer 326

C. Electrophoretic ink E-readers use electrophoretic ink, also known as E Ink. E Ink uses less energy than other LCD displays, prolonging battery life.

Answer 327

A. DNS A Domain Name Service (DNS) server resolves host names to IP addresses. A Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server provides IP configuration information to hosts when they join the network. There is no Host name server. There is no NetBIOS server. A NetBIOS name is a computer network name that was used exclusively in Microsoft networks, but it’s different from a host name.

Answer 328

C. -RW Of the options given, only rewritable (-RW or +RW) optical discs can be written to, erased (or formatted), and written to again multiple times. -ROM refers to the optical disc that is written to once, or the drive itself. -R means writeable once, and -DL means double layer.

Answer 329

C. SSH & D. HTTPS Secure Shell (SSH) and Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) are both secure transport protocols. Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) are not inherently secure.

Answer 330

C. WEP & D. WPA WEP and WPA are wireless security standards. The SSID is the name of the wireless network. MAC is the hardware address built into network cards.

Answer 331

D. It takes more lumens of brightness to display 3D video than it does to display 2D still images. The correct option is a double-whammy. Both video and 3D require more lumens of brightness than their alternatives. Lux is okay to use when comparing two projectors in the same setting, but it cannot be used appropriately to compare projectors on a shelf. For that, the lumen is the unit of measure to which you must pay attention. In any given scenario, projectors rated at a higher number of lumens should produce more lux. The brightness of a projection system is not related to the resolution you choose, but instead it is related to the brightness in lumens of the projector bulb, which remains the same across resolutions. The use of a metal halide is precisely why projector bulbs can burn more brightly as well as stay cleaner.

Answer 332

D. DVI DVI comes in both analog (DVI-A) and digital (DVI-D) varieties. VGA is always analog, HDMI and DisplayPort are always digital.

Answer 333

B. 56 Kbps Dial-up connections are limited to 56 Kbps.

Answer 334

C. Bluetooth Bluetooth was made to work as a wireless personal area network (WPAN). As such, it’s perfect for computer peripherals, such as keyboards, mice, and wireless headsets. Cellular, infrared, and Ethernet networks do not connect as PANs.

Answer 335

D. Z-Wave Zigbee and Z-Wave were developed specifically for the Internet of Things (IoT). Zigbee can communicate in the 2.4 GHz range as well as the 800 MHz to 900 MHz range. Z-Wave can communicate only in the 800 MHz to 900 MHz range.

Answer 336

B. 204 A DDR3 SODIMM has 204 pins. DDR4 SODIMMs have 260 pints. DDR2 SODIMMs have 200 pins. No SODIMMs currently have 288 pins.

Answer 337

D. VGA VGA is an analog video technology. DVI could be analog or digital. HDMI and DisplayPort are digital technologies.

Answer 338

B. Bluetooth Bluetooth allows you to pair a mobile device to a computer or to a device such as an automotive sound system or headset. Data can be transferred between devices, and media can be streamed from the mobile device. SMTP is an email protocol. NFC is for short-distance data transfers, but not media streaming. Pegasus is not a computer communications protocol.

Answer 339

C. Desktop The three synchronization options are to the desktop, to the cloud, and to the automobile. There is no email synchronization option. For security, the best option is to avoid an Internet connection and sync to the desktop. Automobiles are not typically designed to hold large numbers of videos.

Answer 340

C. Telnet Telnet uses port 23. HTTP uses port 80. SMTP uses port 25. POP3 uses port 110.

Answer 341

A. DIMM DIMMs are a type of memory module. HDD is a hard drive, and SSD is a solid-state drive—both are for permanent long-term storage. RAM is what memory is called, but it is not a physical memory format. See Chapter 1 for more information.

Answer 342

A. 1.5V & C. 3.3V Mini PCIe cards can use either 1.5V or 3.3V. They do not use 2.3V or 5V.

Answer 343

B. PATA PATA is an internal interface used to connect hard drives, CD devices, and DVD devices. Parallel ports were traditionally used as printer ports because they supported faster speeds than serial ports supported. USB is popular today because it is even faster than a parallel port and easy to configure. Shared network access is used to share a printer among many networked users.

Answer 344

C. 64 Kbps An ISDN B (bearer) channel provides 64 Kbps data throughput. A home-based BRI ISDN provides two B channels. See Chapter 8 for more information.

Answer 345

B. 25 The SMTP protocol is used to transfer email between servers, and it uses port 25. Telnet uses port 23. POP3 uses port 110. IMAP4 uses port 143. HTTPS uses port 443.

Answer 346

D. Cylinder The total number of tracks in a hard drive system can be found by multiplying the number of cylinders by the number of read/write heads in the assembly. The cylinder count is equivalent to the number of tracks on any one writable surface of any one platter.

Answer 347

C. Router A router does not pass along broadcasts to computers on other segments. Hubs and switches send broadcasts along because they do not segment traffic at the logical network address level.

Answer 348

C. Settings ➢ Privacy In iOS (at least through iOS 12), Location Services are under Settings ➢ Privacy. There are no Location Services, Communications, or GPS sections directly in Settings.

Answer 349

C. Four co-workers with their own computer systems and working on the same project are seated in four cubicles that form a square. If multiple systems need to be accessed directly at the same time, a KVM switch is not an acceptable solution because it allows access to only one system at a time.

Answer 350

A. 21 FTP operates on ports 20 and 21. Port 25 is used by SMTP, port 53 by DNS, and port 80 by HTTP.

Answer 351

C. LCD & D. OLED The two current laptop display technologies are liquid crystal display (LCD) and organic light-emitting diode (OLED). CRT is an old display technology used for desktop monitors. Cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) is a display backlight technology.

Answer 352

B. Mesh In a mesh topology, every computer is connected to every other computer. This makes it possible for connections to be maintained even if multiple cables are disconnected or severed. The cost and complexity of this topology increase because of the redundant connections.

Answer 353

D. Use the keyboard function key Most systems with a keyboard backlight have a keyboard function key to turn the backlight on or off—try that first. If not, there is likely a setting in Windows Control Panel, or possibly the BIOS. Replacing the backlight is the last resort.

Answer 354

B. Increase the DHCP lease time DHCP clients broadcast to get an IP address from the server. When their lease is close to expiration, they will broadcast again to renew the lease. Increasing the lease time will resolve this issue. Uninstalling the DHCP server would too, but that also eliminates the benefit of using DHCP.

Answer 355

A. RAID 0 RAID 0 offers larger volumes and read/write speed improvements, but no redundancy. If one drive is lost, so is all data in the array—hence, no fault tolerance. RAID 1 is a mirrored set; RAID 5 has parity; and RAID 10 is a mirror of a striped set. All of them offer fault tolerance.

Answer 356

A. Backlight The backlight provides light to the LCD screen. The inverter provides power to the backlight, and the screen displays the picture. Digitizers take physical input (such as touch) and turn it into electronic data.

Answer 357

B. Install a DHCP relay agent on subnet B DHCP requests are made via broadcast and will not travel through the router. It’s never a good idea to allow routers to forward broadcasts. You could install a second DHCP server, but that’s inefficient. Install a DHCP relay agent on subnet B.

Answer 358

B. Input devices & C. A display unit KVM stands for keyboard, video, mouse. Therefore, input devices such as a keyboard and mouse, and a display unit will be shared. Speakers and NICs are not shared.

Answer 359

A. RG-6 & B. RG-59 RG-6 and RG-59 are coaxial cable standards. RJ-11 and RJ-45 are connectors used with twisted-pair cabling.

Answer 360

B. Wireless Ethernet Wireless Ethernet is the best of the four wireless communication methods for networking, and it has the highest bandwidth of all four options.

Answer 361

A. Contains both magnetic and solid-state storage Hybrid drives have a solid-state component, which is most often used for the operating system, some programs, and files that don’t change, and a conventional magnetic drive that provides considerably more storage and holds mostly data. RAID arrays can be composed from any type of hard drive. Secondary storage typically refers to offline storage, which is not relevant to hybrid drives.

Answer 362

C. Indicator lights Switches and other connectivity devices have indicator lights to help indicate when things are working normally and when something isn’t working right. There are no port toggles, and switches don’t use beep codes. A switch might make a log entry into an event logger, but this is less likely than it having indicator lights.

Answer 363

C. Safari A Mac needs to have a later version of Safari loaded before you can install iTunes. The most RAM required is only 2 GB, allowing 1080p video to be played. Depending on the version of iTunes, some version of macOS is required. macOS 9 will not support the latest version of iTunes. You can install iTunes on a Mac with only 400 MB of available disk space.

Answer 364

D. RPM RPM (rotations per minute) applies only to conventional magnetic hard drives with spinning platters. SSDs have no moving components. All hard drives have a storage capacity and an attachment of some sort, and can be rated on access time.

Answer 365

A. Plenum The plenum is an air space within buildings used to circulate breathable air for occupants of a building. Fiber, coaxial, and UTP cables are normally enclosed with a PVC plastic coating, which produces toxic fumes when burned. For air ventilation spaces, plenum-grade cable is required. All cable types have plenum-rated versions.

Answer 366

D. Google Glass Google Glass, which is an augmented reality (AR) headset, caused a great deal of controversy because of its camera and privacy issues.

Answer 367

B. SATA The two common hard drive connection types here are SATA and IDE (PATA). Of the two, SATA is decidedly faster. It supports speeds of up to 6 Gbps, which equals data transfers of about 600 MBps. By comparison, IDE is limited to about 100 Mbps. Molex is a power connector type, and DB-9 connectors are for serial cables.

Answer 368

C. Redundancy & D. Fault tolerance Except for RAID 0, all implementations of RAID offer a way to recover from the failure of at least one drive, which is an example of fault tolerance, through the implementation of some mechanism that stores redundant information for that purpose. Some RAID types offer faster read and/or write performance. RAID 1, for instance, does not guarantee either.

Answer 369

D. Measured service Providers typically measure the amount of resources used by clients and charge them for what has been used. This is called a measured service, and it functions much like utilities. The ability to quickly expand services is called rapid elasticity. On-demand self-service means that clients can get new resources without supplier intervention. Resource pooling is taking resources from multiple machines and making them available as one pool.

Answer 370

A. Bluetooth Bluetooth was made to work as a wireless personal area network (WPAN). As such, it’s perfect for computer peripherals such as keyboards, mice, and wireless headsets. Ethernet is used for networking, cellular primarily for mobile phones, and infrared for one-to-one short-distance communication.

Answer 371

B. Identify the problem In the best practice methodology to resolve problems, the first step is to identify the problem. Quarantining the system is not necessary. Establishing a theory of probable cause is the second step, and establishing a plan of action is the fourth step.

Answer 372

D. POP3 POP3 uses port 110. HTTP uses port 80. HTTPS uses port 443. SNMP uses ports 161 and 162.

Answer 373

B. Router Routers are highly intelligent devices that connect multiple network types and determine the best path for sending data. They can route packets across multiple networks and use routing tables to store network addresses to determine the best destination. Routers operate at the Network layer of the OSI model.

Answer 374

C. There is toner on the transfer corona wire. White streaks on printouts are most likely caused by toner on the transfer corona wire. Vertical black lines are caused by a scratch or a groove in the EP drum. If the fuser were not heating properly, toner would not bond to the paper, and you would have smearing. Faulty printer drivers will cause garbage to print, or there will be no printing at all.

Answer 375

A. IMEI The International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) is a 15-digit serial number that identifies the phone and can be used to disable the phone if it’s stolen. The International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) identifies the specific mobile user and their network. The Integrated Circuit Card Identifier (ICCID) is the SIM chip’s identifier number. The Secure Element Identifier (SEID) is a long code used for security applications and NFC.

Answer 376

D. OLED OLED panels consist only of LEDs. There are no other supporting layers or thick spaces, as with the other technologies. Therefore, they can be fashioned into the thinnest display units or even flexible display units.

Answer 377

A. Toner cartridge Laser printers use toner, which they melt to the page in the image of the text and graphics being printed. A toner cartridge holds the fine toner dust until it is used in the printing process.

Answer 378

C. Query the root DNS server If a DNS server is unable to resolve a name (and it checks its cache after it checks its zone file), it will query the root DNS server. There is no top-level DNS server; that’s what the root DNS server essentially is.

Answer 379

A. Fuser When you are working with laser printers, the device most likely to cause damage is the fuser. The fuser works at high temperatures and can cause a burn.

Answer 380

A. Review system and application logs The first step in the troubleshooting process is to identify the problem. The three sub-steps to identify the problem are: question the user and identify user changes to computer, inquire regarding environmental or infrastructure changes, and review system and application logs. Documenting findings and actions, while helpful all throughout the troubleshooting process, is the last official step. Questioning the obvious and conducting internal or external research are parts of the second step, establishing a theory of probable cause.

Answer 381

D. Speed The daisy-wheel printer is much slower when compared to the dot-matrix printer, and therefore speed is a disadvantage.

Answer 382

C. Between 7″ and 13″ Most tablets are between 7″ and 13″ in size, although some can be larger. Smartphones are commonly between 5″ and 7″ today.

Answer 383

D. 20 & E. 24 ATX motherboards have used 20- and 24-pin connectors as their primary power leads to the motherboard. All pin counts listed have been used in connectors coming from the power supply, and even the P8/P9 primary AT motherboard connectors had only 6 pins each. However, only 20- and 24-pin connectors have been used for the same purpose in ATX and later motherboards.

Answer 384

A. 52-pin card edge Mini PCIe cards have 52-pin card edge connectors. M.2 slots have 66 pins. There is a legacy Mini PCI card standard, and those devices used either a 100-pin stacking connector or a 124-pin card edge connector. (You won’t be tested on Mini PCI.)

Answer 385

A. PC3200 The 8:1 ratio between the numerical portion of the names of memory chips and the modules on which they are mounted results in chips having the lower number of the two. Therefore, DDR400 chips are found on PC3200 modules. PC2-3200 modules are DDR2 modules and have DDR2-400 chips mounted on them.

Answer 386

B. Reinstall the printer driver Garbled print usually indicates an invalid or out-of-date printer driver. If there were a cabling issue, the printer would not print at all. Bad toner would tend to produce faint or blurry print jobs.

Answer 387

A. USB 2.0 is 480 Mbps, and USB 3.0 is 5 Gbps. The USB speeds are as follows: 1.0 is 12 Mbps; 2.0 is 480 Mbps; 3.0 is 5 Gbps; 3.1 is 10 Gbps; and 3.2 is 20 Gbps.

Answer 388

B. –5V Pin 5 on a laser printer should read –5V. Pin 1 is +5V, and pin 9 is +24V.

Answer 389

C. Dot-matrix printer The dot-matrix impact printer’s print head contains a row of pins that are triggered in patterns that form letters and numbers as the print head moves across the paper.

Answer 390

B. Use the printer’s control panel & D. Use the printer’s management software that you installed on your workstation The IP address of your printer can be configured in several ways. They include through the printer’s control panel and using the printer management software from your workstation.

Answer 391

B. I/O port The communication between a CPU and the rest of the system is considered I/O from the perspective of the CPU, but an I/O port is not used for this purpose. I/O ports, such as USB or sound ports, are not directly related to the CPU.

Answer 392

B. Inverter The inverter provides power to the backlight. The backlight provides light to the LCD screen, and the screen displays the picture. There is no backdrop component.

Answer 393

C. A computer with a fast hard drive and surround sound Audio/video editing workstations are characterized by their enhanced graphics adapters, audio features, and fast hard drives.

Answer 394

B. HVPS The high-voltage power supply (HVPS) provides power to the corona wires in most laser printers.

Answer 395

C. –100 With EP process laser printers, the laser discharges the charged photosensitive drum to –100VDC.

Answer 396

A. A reservation On the DHCP server, you can specify that certain hosts will always receive the same IP address, which is called a reservation. Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) is a protocol designed to speed up an administrator’s organization of and access to critical network directories. LDAP uses port 389. Network Address Translation (NAT) is a service that translates private, non-routable IP addresses into public addresses that can be used on the Internet. The Common Internet File System (CIFS) is TCP/IP protocol that uses port 445. It is used to share files and printers between computers, regardless of the operating system that they run.

Answer 397

B. Fuser The fuser assembly presses and melts the toner into the paper. The transfer corona transfers the toner from the drum to the paper. The printer controller circuitry converts signals from the PC into signals for the various printer assemblies. The paper transport assembly controls the movement of the paper through the printer.

Answer 398

A. Worn paper-feed rollers Of the causes listed, the most likely cause is a worn paper-feed roller. Stepper motors control the back-and-forth motion of a print head in an inkjet printer. If the fuser assembly were faulty, the images would smear. If the EP drum doesn’t advance properly, multiple parts of the image will appear on top of each other.

Answer 399

D. Memory Applications and their data must reside in RAM during execution. Increasing anything but RAM, despite various benefits, does not lead directly to being able to run more applications simultaneously. Virtual memory, or using the hard drive to assist RAM, can delay error messages that indicate memory exhaustion, but you should not need to increase HDD space to optimize virtual memory. If so, then running multiple applications is not your biggest concern.

Answer 400

C. The client cannot reach the DHCP server. If a DHCP client can’t access a DHCP server, it will autoconfigure with an APIPA address. Any address starting with 169.254.x.x is an APIPA address. Such systems will not be able to get on the Internet or access local resources, unless those resources somehow have an APIPA address as well.

Answer 401

A. Network cable Both connectors are used for network cables; RJ-45 is used for twisted-pair Ethernet networks, and BNC connectors are used in 10Base2 networks. Telephone cables use RJ-11 connectors.

Answer 402

B. Replace the DVD-ROM drive If the drive is grinding whenever you put a DVD into it, it’s likely that the drive needs to be replaced. If it won’t read properly or consistently, then it might need to be cleaned.

Answer 403

B. MicroCF There is no micro version of CompactFlash modules. MicroSD is a smaller version of the SD format. CF is CompactFlash. xD is a Picture Card format.

Answer 404

D. SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is used for sending Internet (TCP/IP-based) mail from a client to a recipient’s server. IMAP4 and POP3 are used for retrieving mail, and Exchange is a proprietary messaging system, not an Internet protocol.

Answer 405

B. Liquid cooling Liquid cooling is an advanced cooling method, using water or another liquid to cool components. Convection cooling is the standard method of cooling, with or without heat sinks and fans.

Answer 406

A. Host mode There is no NFC host mode. All the others choices are valid NFC modes.

Answer 407

A. Repositioning a jumper on the motherboard to clear the CMOS memory Most motherboards have a Clear CMOS or Reset CMOS jumper that immediately resets the CMOS memory to its default state. Clearing the CMOS removes any BIOS supervisor and user passwords that might be set, along with many other user-configured BIOS settings, returning the BIOS to factory defaults.

Answer 408

C. Incorrect printer drivers If a printer is using out-of-date or incorrect printer drivers, the printer may produce pages of garbled text. The solution is to ensure that the most recent printer drivers are downloaded from the manufacturer’s website.

Answer 409

B. Charging During the charging phase, the charging corona applies a uniform –600VDC charge to the photosensitive drum. The drum is then ready for the image to be written on it.

Answer 410

B. Prevent overages in the subscriber’s data plan The use of the cellular data network counts against the subscriber’s monthly data plan. Disabling the cellular data connection does not change how calls are processed or presented. Updates will not occur over the cellular network when cellular data is disabled but can still occur over Wi-Fi.

Answer 411

B. 127 Though it is unlikely that it would ever be necessary, a single USB chain can theoretically support 127 different peripheral devices. This includes scanners, cameras, MP3 players, printers, keyboards, and so on.

Answer 412

B. UTP CAT-5 In order to run 100BaseT, you need CAT-5 or better. The T in 1000BaseT indicates twisted-pair cable, not fiber-optic cable.

Answer 413

D. Power supply Power supplies have voltage selector switches that allow the power supply to be used in regions, such as North America, that have power grids based on voltages in the 110–120 range with a 60 Hz phase but then be moved to other regions, such as Europe, where voltages in the range of 220–240 and a phase of 50 Hz is used. Hard drives and motherboards do not need to be configured per country.

Answer 414

C. 5 In the Quality of Service (QoS) service-level agreement (SLA), you should specify level 5. Higher numbers indicate higher levels of service, but the highest level anyone can configure is 5. Levels 6 and 7 are reserved for control data.

Answer 415

D. NIC The network interface card (NIC) is responsible for transforming the data into the proper format needed to transmit over the network. Repeaters, switches, and firewalls will each take the data received and pass it along as is appropriate, but they do not transform data.

Answer 416

D. Clients on your network will not be able to retrieve email unless their email client supports IMAP. Port 110 is used for POP3, which is an email-retrieval protocol. Client computers with email software that supports IMAP may still be able to download email.

Answer 417

B. The LCD monitor commonly uses a fluorescent bulb as a backlight. An LED monitor actually is an LCD monitor. The only difference is that LEDs, not a fluorescent bulb, create the light that shines through the LCD panel. LED monitors are newer than LCD monitors and use DC power to light the LEDs. Fluorescent bulbs require AC power. Organic LED subpixels in an OLED monitor create the colors of their images, but LEDs in a LED monitor simply create the backlight.

Answer 418

B. 7 GB If the laptop is using shared video memory, then the system memory is shared with the video card. If the video card is using 1 GB, and the system has 8 GB total, then 7 GB is left for the system.

Answer 419

A. They will be able to communicate with other APIPA-configured computers on their local network. Computers configured with APIPA will have an IP address in the 169.254.0.0 range with a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0. They will be able to communicate with other computers on the local network that have the same network address. They will not be able to get on the Internet.

Answer 420

A. Failed CMOS battery Whenever a system fails to hold the time and date when it’s powered off, the most likely culprit is the CMOS battery. It’s a lot like a watch battery and is usually easy to replace. Simply replace it, and the system should work normally.

Answer 421

C. It tests the functionality of a NIC. Loopback plugs take the signal going out on the transmit path and connects it back to the receive path. This allows you to test certain legacy ports as well as Ethernet NICs to make certain they are working correctly.

Answer 422

A. Enable MAC filtering Enabling MAC filtering allows only specific computers to use the wireless router. Disabling an SSID broadcast makes it so the router doesn’t broadcast its name, which can make it seem “invisible” to a casual snoop. It’s not a reliable security procedure, though. Changing the SSID from the default is always a good idea. You should use some sort of wireless security, but WPA is more secure than WEP.

Answer 423

D. Dead pixels Dead pixels occur when certain points on the screen will not light up. The only solution is to replace the display unit. Burn-in and artifacts are when other, dim images show up on the computer along with the intended image. Distorted images look pulled or stretched. Faulty video drivers do not cause burn-in, artifacts, distorted images, or dead pixels.

Answer 424

A. Baseband OS All wireless communications are handled by the baseband system in the phone, sometimes referred to as the radio or the modem. The baseband OS manages the baseband system and communicates to the phone’s primary OS. The SIM OS manages data transfers between the smartphone and the SIM memory chip. There is no NFC OS. iOS and Android OS do not manage wireless communications.

Answer 425

A. Print a test page from the user’s computer Printing a test page is the best place to start. If that does not work, you may want to delete and reinstall the printer. Printing a test page using the printer’s self-test will only tell you if the printer is printing fine, not if that one user is having a problem. Always use the test page feature from the printer properties, not from an application, to test printing.

Answer 426

B. Question the user and identify user changes to the computer & C. Inquire regarding environmental changes The three sub-steps to identify the problem are: question the user and identify user changes to computer, inquire regarding environmental or infrastructure changes, and review system and application logs. In this case, since the system will not power on, system and application logs are unavailable. Conducting internal or external research is part of establishing a theory of probable cause.