A Transport System Flashcards
Why do most living things need a transport System?
Their bodies are too large for materials to simply diffuse in and out.
How are small organisms adapted to carry things around their body by diffusion?
They have a large surface area to volume ratio and a short diffusion pathway. So it is easy for materials to diffuse in and out.
What is the human transport system and what does it consist of?
The circulatory system consisting of the blood. It brings food SJC oxygen to our cells and removes carbon dioxide and waste chemicals.
Plants have a transport system too. They have lots of _____ tubes inside them. These carry _____ up and down the stem and all around the plant.
Thin
Liquids
What do xylem do?
Carry water and mineral salts
What are is the job of the roots?
Roots take in water and dissolved salts. These pass up the stem in the xylem to the leaves.
What do phloem do?
Carry dissolved food like sugars and amino acids which are made in the leaves by photosynthesis. They carry food to every part of the plant.
Phloem also carry ____ around the plant.
Hormones
What are these hormones essential for?
They help control cell division for growth of stem,roots and leaves. Hormones also control the growth of flowers and fruits.
Sugar moves down to the growing _____ or up to the growing _____ by the phloem.
Root
Bud
Root hairs - root
Take in after and mineral salts
Phloem - root
Brings food from the leaves which is used to make new cells at the root tip.
Root cap - root
Protects the root tip as it grows through the soil.
Cortex -root
Stores some food as starch.
Xylem-root
Carried water and minerals up the stem
Root tip -root
Grows as the cells divide
Cambium- stem
Cells make new xylem and new phloem as the plant grows
Epidermis - stem
Is a single layer of cells on the outside of the stem which protects the stem and cuts down water loss
Vascular bundle-stem
Made up of phloem, cambium and xylem
Pith-stem
A tissue in the stems of vascular plants
What two functions do the roots have?
Anchor the plant in the soil and take up water and mineral salts.
______ passes into the root hairs by osmosis.
Water
How does the osmosis with the stem occur?(6)
- The water in the soil has a weak solution of salts.
- The cell sap in the root hair cell has a stronger solution.
- Water passes from the root hair cell into cell A by osmosis
- This continues across the whole of the root cortex
- Water eventually reaches the xylem
- Water is then carried up the xylem to the leaves
What adaption do root hairs have?
They are long and thin. They also have a large surface area through which water and mineral salts can enter.
