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Abnormal Psychology > A&P2 > Flashcards

A&P2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which of the following is a primary sex organ?

A

Ovary

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2
Q

Which of the following is a secondary sex organ?

A

Vagina

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3
Q

When cold, the surface area of the scrotum is reduced to conserve heat. The _______ muscle is responsible for this apparent “shrinkage”.

A

dartos

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4
Q

What is the site of spermatogenesis?

A

seminiferous tubules

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5
Q

The foreskin enclosing the most distal region of the penis, and which is often removed at birth, is the:

A

glans penis

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6
Q

Relaxin in semen does what?

A

Enhances sperm motility

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7
Q

What is the human haploid number?

A

23

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8
Q

Gonatropin-releasing hormone is produced in and secreted from the:

A

hypothalamus

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9
Q

Which layer of the ovary is where gametes are formed?

A

cortex

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10
Q

Which ligament anchors the ovary to the uterus?

A

ovarian ligament

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11
Q

Which oogenetic cells divide by mitosis?

A

oogonia

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12
Q

What is the developmental stage of the developing gamete within a secondary follicle?

A

primary oocyte

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13
Q

Progesterone and estrogen levels are not adequate to support a pregnancy within the uterus. This could be due to a failure of which reproductive structure?

A

corpus luteum

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14
Q

Which uterine layer receives and nourishes a developing embryo?

A

endometrium

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15
Q

Which uterine layer expels the full-term fetus from the reproductive tract?

A

myometrium

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16
Q

The labia majora are homologous to the _______ in males.

A

scrotum

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17
Q

What is the reproductive gland in males that is homologous to the greater vestibular gland in males?

A

bulbourethral gland

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18
Q

The clitoris in females is homologous to which structure in males?

A

glans penis

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19
Q

What is the hormone that stimulates the thecal cells to secrete androgen?

A

LH

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20
Q

During the secretory phase of the uterine cycle, rising levels of _____ increase vascularization of the endometrium and prepare it for implantation and pregnancy.

A

progesterone

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21
Q

Which uterine phase is characterized by lowest levels of estrogen and progesterone, during which the majority of the endometrium is shed and passed out of the body?

A

menstrual phase

22
Q

During the follicular phase, granulosa cells are stimulated by rising levels of _____ and cause follicular ______ in response.

A

FSH, growth

23
Q

In this figure, what is indicated by A?

A

ovulation

24
Q

In this figure, what stage is the gamete in at A?

A

meosis II

25
Q

Mammary glands are evolved from _______.

A

sweat glands

26
Q

What do myoepithelial cells regulate in mammary glands?

A

milk letdown

27
Q

GnRH directly stimulates the release of:

A

FSH

28
Q

Acromegaly is caused by over secretion of ______ once epiphyseal plates are closed.

A

GH

29
Q

After childbirth, skin-to-skin contact and suckling drive a positive feedback that causes the release of _______. This hormone aids in maternal bonding, pair bonding, and causes milk let down.

A

oxytocin

30
Q

Most hormonal contraceptives maintain estrogen and ______ at intermediate levels to trick the HPG axis, thus preventing ovulation.

A

progesterone

31
Q

Which of the following embryonic structures will only develop into male reproductive ducts?

A

Wolffian ducts

32
Q

Which of the following hormones form a hormone-receptor complex to affect the target cell?

A

testosterone

33
Q

Which of the following hormones utilizes a secondary messenger to affect the target cell?

A

oxytocin

34
Q

What will happen to a hormone’s response if the hormone concentration remains the same, the binding affinity remains the same, but the receptors are up-regulated?

A

increased response

35
Q

Blood calcium is decreased, causing a change in parathyroid hormone secretion. What type of stimulus caused this change in hormone secretion?

A

humoral

36
Q

Which component of the pituitary is mainly composed of neural tissue?

A

posterior

37
Q

The hypophyseal portal system conveys hormones from the hypothalamus to the ________.

A

anterior pituitary

38
Q

What is the connecting stalk between the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus?

A

infundibulum

39
Q

Which thyroid hormone is the most potent form that affects metabolic rate?

A

T3

40
Q

Grave’s disease is an autoimmune disease that produces antibodies that mimic:

A

TSH

41
Q

The corpus spongiosum is the most abundant erectile tissue and it is generally responsible for maintaining an erection.

A

False

42
Q

During meiosis, crossing over occurs at synapses. This process is unique to sexual reproduction and involves the swapping of genetic material between maternal and paternal chromosomes.

A

True

43
Q

The seminal vesicles secrete a slightly acidic fluid that activates the sperm and is ~ 20-30% of semen volume.

A

True

44
Q

An erection is a parasympathetic response to arousal.

A

True

45
Q

Pelvic inflammatory disease can be caused by sexually-transmitted infections.

A

True

46
Q

Ecotopic pregnancies occur when an embryo successfully implants in the endometrium.

A

False

47
Q

Troponin is a type of hormone that causes a subsequent hormone release.

A

False

48
Q

The presence of an SRY gene causes an embryo to develop into a female.

A

False

49
Q

Exocrine glands contain ducts and secrete many different components, such as saliva and digestive enzymes.

A

True

50
Q

Lipid-soluble hormones have their effect by directly changing gene transcription.

A

True

Abnormal Psychology (4 decks)

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