A&P Test 2 Lecture 5

Question 1

Neuronal Pathways

Answer 1

groups of neurons that influence each other by communicating at neuronal synapses.

Question 2

Synapse

Answer 2

acts as switches that direct the flow of information in the nervous system.

Question 3

Neuronal Synapses

Answer 3

Structures where a synaptic knob on the axons of one neuron came into close proximity with the dendrites,soma, and in rare cases other axons.

Question 4

Neuromuscular Junctions

Answer 4

found between somatic alpha-motor neurons and myofibers of skeletal muscles.

Question 5

neuroeffector junctions

Answer 5

found between autonomic motor neurons and automatic effectors including smooth muscle and glandular cells.

Question 6

presynaptic neuron

Type of neuronal Synapses

Answer 6

Carries impulse INTO synapse

Question 7

Postsynaptic Neuron 
(type of neuronal synapses)

Answer 7

Carries impulse AWAY from synapse

Question 8

Chemical Synapses

Answer 8

A process where the two cells forming the synapse are separated.

Question 9

Synaptic Cleft

Answer 9

physical shape that separates the two cells in a chemical synapses.

Question 10

Neurotransmitters (NT)

Answer 10

Etracellular signal molecules diffuse across synaptic cleft to stimulate or inhibit activity in a postsynaptic neuron or effector.

Question 11

Neurotransmitter Receptors

Answer 11

Membrane proteins found on the postsynaptic neurons that bind to a specific NT and generate a response in the postsynaptic cell.

Question 12

Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential (EPSP)

Answer 12

Depolarizing graded potential that brings a postsynaptic neuron closer to the threshold from creating APs.

Question 13

Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potential (IPSP)

Answer 13

Hyperpolarizing graded potential that moves a postsynaptic neuron further away from the threshold for creating APs.

Question 14

Summation

Answer 14

The process of integrating the input from multiple synapses.

Question 15

Spatial summation

Answer 15

Effect produced by the simultaneous release of NT from a large number of synaptic knobs on a single postsynaptic neuron.

Question 16

Temporal Summation

Answer 16

Effect produced by stimulation of NT release from the same presynaptic knobs in rapid succession on a single postsynaptic neuron.

Question 17

Facilitation

Answer 17

When membrane potential of a postsynaptic neuron is held nearer to threshold then normal but not above threshold.

Question 18

Divergent pathways

Answer 18

are pathways in which a signal entering into a section of a neuronal pathway excited a greater number of neurons leaving that section.

Question 19

Convergent Pathways

Answer 19

signals from multiple input fibers come together to excite a single output fiber.