Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Voice Disorders > A&P (slides 51-66) > Flashcards

A&P (slides 51-66) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the aryepiglottic folds?

A

folds of mucous membrane which enclose ligamentous and muscular fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where do the aryepiglottic folds extend from?

A

the sides of the epiglottis to the apexes of the arytenoid cartilages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do the aryepiglottic folds form?

A

the entrance to the larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do the aryepiglottic folds connect?

A

the arytenoids and the epiglottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many layers of tissue are the vocal folds composed of?

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the layers of the vocal folds?

A

thin sheet of squamous epithelium (gives VFs glistening white appearance), lamina propia (3 different tissues), thyrovocalis muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the three layers of the lamina propia?

A

superficial, intermediate, deep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what layers make up the vocal ligament?

A

intermediate and deep layer of the lamina propia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the ventricular folds also called?

A

false vocal folds or vestibular folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

where are the ventricular folds located?

A

above the true vocal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

are the ventricular folds used in normal phonation?

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Innervation to the larynx occurs through which cranial nerves? (motor and sensory)

A

Motor: Vagus (X)-Recurrent laryngeal nerve
Sensory: Glossopharyngeal (IX), Internal laryngeal (X) above the false vocal folds, RLN (X) below the false vocal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the laryngeal function of respiration?

A

breathing for life; opens glottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how does the larynx provide protection?

A
  • with the cough reflex: closes then opens glottis with help of respiratory system
  • during swallowing: closes glottis with help of respiratory system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the laryngeal function of phonation with voice?

A

close/open glottis and adjust vocal fold tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

describe the vibratory cycle of the vocal folds

A

1 Column of air pressure moves upward towards vfs in “closed” position
2, 3 Column of air pressure opens bottom of vibrating layers of vfs; body of vfs stays in place
4, 5 Column of air pressure continues to move upward, now towards the top of vfs, and opens the top
6–10 The low pressure created behind the fast-moving air column produces a Bernoulli effect which causes the bottom to close, followed by the top. Closure of the vocal folds cuts off the air column and releases a pulse of air

17
Q

Describe the Bernoulli Effect.

A

at a constant volume flow of air, at a point of constriction, low pressure = high velocity of flow
-explains vocal fold vibration

18
Q

Is the Bernoulli Effect a muscular event?

A

NO

19
Q

What are the part of the larynx that are involved in breathing and vocalizations?

A

arytenoid cartilage (vocal processes, muscular process), vocal folds

20
Q

What does the lateral cricothyroid (LCA) do?

A

adducts the arytenoid cartilages to close the glottis

21
Q

What are movements of the arytenoids?

A

adduction, abduction, anterior-posterior sliding, medial-lateral sliding

22
Q

what do the thyroarytenoids (TA) do?

A

pull the arytenoid cartilages forward, loosening the vocal folds

23
Q

what does the posterior cricothyroid (PCA) do?

A

rotates the arytenoid cartilages laterally (abduct), causing the vocal folds to separate from one another, opening the glottis

24
Q

what does the cricothyroid (CT) muscle do?

A

rotates the thyroid cartilage forward around an axis through the cricothyroid joint.
This action stretches the vocal cord,
thereby tensing it (amount of tension depends on pitch desired)

25
Q

what are the forces/properties of phonation?

A
  • subglottal pressure
  • tissue elasticity (vfs) myoelastic-aerodynamic theory
  • constriction of airflow; bernoulli effect
  • laryngeal muscles
26
Q

mens’ average fundamental frequency?

A

110 Hz

27
Q

womens’ average fundamental frequency?

A

180-220 Hz

28
Q

kids average fundamental frequency?

A

300 Hz

29
Q

Pitch=?

A

F0 (Hz)

30
Q

Loudness=?

A

intensity/amplitude (dB)

31
Q

what instruments are used to measure pitch?

A

MDVP, TF32

32
Q

what instruments measure loudness?

A

Sound Pressure Level (SPL) meter, LSVT Companion software

33
Q

what is resonation?

A

filters sound through vocal tract

Voice Disorders (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions