A&P Lab Ch. 1

Question 1

certain characteristics are present in all cells:

Answer 1

plasma membrane, cytosol, DNA as genetic material

Question 2

cilia

Answer 2

move substances along cell surface; widespread sensory roles (equilibrium, smell, vision)

Question 3

nucleus

Answer 3

genetic control center of cell; directs protein synthesis; shelters the DNA

Question 4

lysosomes

Answer 4

contain enzymes for intracellular digestion, autophagy, programmed cell death, and glucose mobilization

Question 5

mitochondria

Answer 5

ATP synthesis

Question 6

G1, first gap phase

Answer 6

growth and normal metabolic roles

Question 7

S, synthesis phase

Answer 7

DNA replication

Question 8

G2, second gap phase

Answer 8

growth and preparation for mitosis

Question 9

prophase

Answer 9

chromosomes condense and nuclear envelope breaks down. spindle fibers grow from centrioles. centrioles migrate to opposite poles of cell

Question 10

metaphase

Answer 10

chromosomes line along midline of cell. some spindle fibers attach to kinetochores. fibers of aster attach to plasma membrane

Question 11

anaphase

Answer 11

centromeres divide in two. spindle fibers pull sister chromatids to opposite poles of cell. each pole now has an identical set of genes

Question 12

telophase

Answer 12

chromosomes gather at each pole of cell. chromatin decondenses. new nuclear envelope appears in each nucleus. mitotic spindle vanishes

Question 13

histology

Answer 13

study of tissues

Question 14

four major types of tissue:

Answer 14

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

Question 15

cartilage:

Answer 15

hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage

Question 16

bone:

Answer 16

compact and spongy

Question 17

connective tissue

Answer 17

blood, bone, cartilage

Question 18

muscle tissue:

Answer 18

skeletal, cardiac, smooth