A&P Embryology

Question 0

What is the normal anatomical position for the aorta and IVC in relation to the backbone? Normally the aorta descends to the ___ of the vertebral column and the IVC comes up the ___ side of the vertebral column.

Answer 0

Left, right

Question 1

Which prenatal vessel has the highest o2 saturation? Aorta, pulmonary vein, umbilical artery, umbilical vein?

Answer 1

Umbilical vein

Question 2

After anew born takes it’s first breath and the umbilical cord is tied, the right sided pressures drop. This drop in pressure change normally causes immediate closure of the

Answer 2

Ostium secundum

Question 3

Which normal fetal shunt carries the most o2?

Answer 3

Ductus venous

Question 4

The normal fetal shunt between the Ao and the Pa is termed the ___ and it shunts blood in a ___ direction before birth.

Answer 4

PDA, R-L

Question 5

The most superior chamber is the

Answer 5

Truncus arteriosis, AO & PA

Question 6

A patient with normal situs will have a Pa chest radiograph showing abdominal contents with ____ sided stomach bubble and ____ sided hepatic shadow.

Answer 6

Left, right

Question 7

What abnormality the central portion of the heart failed to develop, omitting the medial AV valve cusps?

Answer 7

Endocardial cushion defect

Question 8

When the umbilicus is clamped at birth, what happens to the aortic and pulmonary blood pressures? The Ao pressure ____ and the Pa pressure ____.

Answer 8

Increases, decreases

Question 9

In prenatal life the fetal lung alveoli are

Answer 9

Collapsed

Question 10

In the normal fetal circulation, oxygenated blood from the placenta preferentially goes through the ____ and the blue blood from the SVC preferentially goes through the ____

Answer 10

Foramen ovale, ductus arterious

Question 11

What is the first embryologic step in separation of the atria from ventricular chambers? This column of tissue splitting the stream of blood flowing from the atria to ventricle is termed the

Answer 11

Endocardial cushion

Question 12

Between the 24 and 28th day of gestation, the truncus arteriosis must divide and spiral. What congenital defect develops if the truncus fails to spiral as it divides?

Answer 12

Transposition of the great vessels.

Question 13

Inversion of the atria (RA on left side) is usually associated with ___ and a ____ sided IVC.

Answer 13

Situs Inversus, left

Question 14

In embryology normal folding of the cardiac tube shown is termed____

Answer 14

D looping

Question 15

In the normal fetal circulation, what % of the cardiac output goes through the lungs?

Answer 15

10-12%