A&P Flashcards
what are the 5 layers of the true vocal folds?
- epithelium
- lamina propia
- superficial, intermediate, deep - thyroarytenoid muscle
what are other names for false vocal folds?
vestibular and ventricular folds
what CN’s are involved in innervation of larynx?
Motor: -Vagus (CN X) RLN and SLN (cricothyroid)
Sensory: -Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)-innervates stylopharyngeus which elevates pharynx for speech and swallowing
-Vagus (CN X) RLN (innervates all other laryngeal muscles)
what are the 3 voice mechanisms (subsystems)
respiratory, phonatory, resonance
what are the function of the larynx?
respiration (opens glottis), protection for cough and swallowing, phonation with voice
what happens to respiratory system during inspiration?
during inspiration, active muscle contraction occurs:
lungs inflate, rib cage moves, diaphragm pulls down
during the inhalation phase of breathing, the dimensions of the thoracic cavity increase in what three planes?
vertical, transverse, anterior-posterior dimension
diaphragm is innervated by what nerve?
phrenic
what are the 3 forces during passive expiration?
torque, gravity, elasticity
what are the four types of respiration?
quiet and forced inspiration
passive and active expiration
what measures respiratory flow, volume, and lung capacities?
spirometer
what measures air pressure?
manometer
what is the bernoulli effect?
(vacuum effect) when theres a constant flow of air, at a point of constriction. decrease pressure=increase velocity
explain one cycle of VF vibration
- air pressure moves upward towards closed VF’s
2.air pressure starts opening bottom of VF’s but the body of VF’s stay in place - air pressure continues to move upward and opens top of VF’s
- low pressure behind creates Bernoulli effect which causes bottom to close then the top.
closure of VF’s cuts off air column and creates pulse of air
what is the frequency for men, women, and kids?
men=110hz
women=180-220hz
kids=300hz
