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Anatomy & Phisiology I > A&P 1 - Lab 1 > Flashcards

A&P 1 - Lab 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Dorsal Cavity (Back)

What are the 2 cavities within the dorsal cavity?

A
  1. Cranial Cavity - protected by upper 1/2 of skull, contains brain
  2. Vertebral (spinal) Cavity - holds spinal cord, protected by “spine”
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2
Q

Ventral Cavity - Contains the viscera (front)

What are the 2 cavities within the ventral cavity?

A
  1. Thoracic Cavity (thorax) - protected by the ribcage

2. Abdominopelvic Cavity - found below the diaphragm

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3
Q

What are the 3 sections of the Thoracic Cavity?

A
  1. Mediastinum - (Midline region of chest) contains heart, trachea, esophagus, thymus, and associated membranes
  2. Pleural Cavity - (located lateral to the mediastinum) a space between the doubled, pleural membranes that surround the lungs
  3. Pericardial Cavity - (located within the mediastium) space between the doubled, pericardial membranes
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4
Q

What are the 2 cavities within the Abdominopelvic Cavity?

A
  1. Abdominal Cavity - (Abdomen) has little protection, contains stomach, liver, gall bladder, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, small intestine and beginning of the large intestine, and is lined by the doubled peritoneal membranes (aka peritoneal)
  2. Pelvic Cavity - (Pelvis) a boney bowl holding urinary bladder, sigmoid colon, rectum, and in women the uterus and ovaries
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5
Q

Superior (Cranial)

A

Towards the head

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6
Q

Inferior (Caudal)

A

away from the head

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7
Q

Ventral (anterior)

A

front or towards the abdomen

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8
Q

Dorsal (posterior)

A

towards the back

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9
Q

Medial

A

Towards the midline

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10
Q

Lateral

A

away from the midline

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11
Q

Intermediate

A

between 2 things

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12
Q

Proximal

A

closer to the point of origin or attachment

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13
Q

Distal

A

farther from the point of origin

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14
Q

Superficial (external)

A

closer to the skin

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15
Q

Deep

A

Internal

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16
Q

Ipsilateral

A

on the same side

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17
Q

Contralateral

A

opposite side

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18
Q

Visceral

A

pertaining to an internal organ or the inner part of a structure

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19
Q

Parietal

A

pertaining to walls of a cavity

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20
Q

Afferent

A

towards a center

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21
Q

Efferent

A

away from a center

22
Q

(Mid) Sagittal Plane or Median

A

divides right and left

23
Q

Frontal or Coronal

A

divides front and back

24
Q

Transverse or Horizontal or Cross Section

A

divides top and bottom

25
Q

Axial part of the body

A

(Head + Neck + Trunk)

26
Q

Cephalic Region (Head)

A 
Frontal - head
Orbital - eyes
Nasal - nose
Oral - mouth
Mental - tip of chin
Buccal - cheek
Otic - ear
Occipital Region - back of head
27
Q

Cervical Region

A

neck (mammals have 7 cervical vertibrae)

28
Q

Thoracic Region - Chest, everything inside ribs

What 4 regions are included in the thoracic region?

A
  1. Sternal - midline
  2. Axillary - armpit
  3. Pectoral
  4. Mammary - breast tissue
29
Q

Abdominal Region

A

ribcage to pubic region

– includes the umbilical region (belly button)

30
Q

Pelvic Region

A

includes Inguinal Region (attaches to the torso)

31
Q

Upper R Quadrant / Upper L Quadrant
_______________________________
Lower R Quadrant / Lower L Quadrant

A

R hypochondriac / epigastric / L hypochondriac

R Lumbar / Umbilical / L Lumbar

R iliac (inguinal) / hypogastric (pubic) / L iliac (inguinal)

32
Q

Pubic Region

A

area of Pubes

33
Q

Back or Dorsal Region Includes……..

A 
Scapular - shoulder blades
Vertebral - spine
Lumbar - 5 bones below the last rib
Sacral - in between gluteral region
Gluteal - butt
34
Q

Perineal Region

A

in between external genitals and anal region

35
Q

Appendicular part of the body

A

upper & lower extremities

36
Q

Regions of the Upper limb

A 
Acromial - tip of shoulder
Brachial - arm, usually refers to upper arm
Antecubital - back of elbow
Antebrachial - forearm
Carpal - wrist
37
Q

Manus Region - whole hand

A

Pollex - thumb
Metacarpal - back of hand (dorsal side)
Palmer - palm
Digital - fingers or toes

38
Q

“ante”

A

means before

39
Q

Regions of the Lower Limb

A 
Coxal - where femur goes into hip
Femoral - femur, upper leg
Patellar - knee cap
Popliteal - bend at back of knee
Crural - usually refers to lower leg
Sural - back area of lower leg
Fibular or Peroneal - lateral area of lower leg
40
Q

Pedal Region (Foot)

A 
Tarsal - ankle
Calcaneal - heel
Metatarsal - bones in top of foot
Digital - fingers or toes
Plantar - bottom of foot
Hallux - big toe
41
Q

Integumentary System

skin - largest organ, hair, nails

A

Overall Functions - mechanical/chemical barrier, temp regulation, vitamin D activation

42
Q

Skeletal System

bones, cartilage, joints

A

Overall Functions - support, protection, mineral storage, blood cell production, site for muscle attachment

43
Q

Muscular System

skeletal muscles

A

Overall Functions - movement

44
Q

Nervous System

brain, spinal cord, nerves, receptors

A

Overall Functions - provides ability to adjust to external and internal environmental change

45
Q

Endocrine System

(pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal and pineal glands, pancreas, ovaries, testes

A

Overall Functions - secrete hormones that direct physiological activities

46
Q

Cardiovascular System

heart, blood vessels, blood, spleen

A

Overall Functions - transportation within body, removal of red cells, blood reservoir

47
Q

Lymphatic (Immune) System

lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, thymus, spleen

A

Overall Functions - returns tissue fluid to blood, absorption of fat, defense against germs

48
Q

Respiratory System

lungs, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi

A

Overall Functions - the exchange of gases between blood and air

49
Q

Digestive System

(oral cavity, salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, intestines, pancreas, liver, gall bladder

A

Overall Functions - ingestion, breakdown of food, absorption, elimination

50
Q

Urinary System

kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

A

Overall Functions - removal of waste from blood

51
Q

Reproductive System

(testes, penis, scrotum, accessory glands, ovaries, vagina, uterus, uterine tubes, mammary glands

A

Overall Functions - multiplication of species

Anatomy & Phisiology I (3 decks)

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