A level exam: Chapter 1-Liberal governments Flashcards
What happened in the 1906 election?
It was a landslide victory for the Liberals as they won a huge majority with around 401 seats against just 157 for conservatives.
What is new Liberalism compared to old Liberalism?
New Liberalism stressed the freedom from evils such as poverty, low wages and insecurity. They still believed in laissez-faire but also believed the state may need to intervene to help. Traditional Liberals believed in low taxation but new liberalism contradicted this in order to help poverty.
Why was new liberalism introduced?
Intellectuals-T.H.Green argues that Liberalism gave people the change to be moral, J.A.Hobson argues the British economy faced underconsumption as people couldn't afford goods, J.T.Hobhouse said they should distribute wealth to help the poor. It reunited the Liberal party and helped to win the working class vote. There was concern about national efficiency after the war so they wanted to control malnurishment etc.
Who was Henry Campbell-Bannerman?
He was the Liberal Prime Minister after the Liberal victory in the 1906 election.
Who was H.H.Asquith?
He succeeded HCB as Prime Minister in 1908 and he worked on the Old Age Pension.
Who was David Lloyd George?
He was a Liberal MP who wanted to help the poor to have an improved standard of living.
Who was Winston Churchill?
He was a Liberal Mp who was particularly involved with Trade Boards and Labour Exchanges.
What happened to Labour after the election?
There were 30 MPs including Keir Hardie and Ramsey Macdonald and they renamed themselves Labour after the LRC. They struggled as they didn’t form a strong body, instead with lots of strong individuals.
What happened to the Conservatives after the election?
They joined witht the Liberal unionists and were renamed the Conservative and Unionist party. After the defeat they were powerless in the House of Commons but still had a majority in the House of Lords and so they could block Liberal Laws.
How did the Boer War cause the Liberal election victory?
The war lasted longer and cost more lives and spent money than was thought. It exposed malnutrition and problems with National efficiency. Concentration camps were used and opposed to by the public, therefore creating anger at the Conservative government.
How did the 1902 Education Act cause the Liberal election victory?
Schools which were usually Anglican or Catholic now had to be funded from local taxes. Nonconformists were outrages and didn’t want to vote for the Conservatives.
How did 1904 Licensing Act cause the Liberal election victory?
It reduced public houses but offered compensation for cancelling brewers licenses. This infuriated noncorformists who were part of the temperance.
How did Chinese Labour issue cause the Liberal election victory?
Chinese labourers were being imported into South Africa as they worked for very low wages and people were scared it would happen in Britain. With unemployment high, people were scared conservatives would let them steal their jobs.
How did Taff Vale Case cause the Liberal election victory?
In 1901 a trade union was sued for strikes and disruption caused in a railway company. Conservatives did not oppose the company and lost votes as trade unions were now effectively useless as they could go bankrupt if sued.
How did Tariff reform cause the Liberal election victory?
Joseph Chamberlain launched the reform where taxes were put on imported goods, pushing prices up and making the poor unable to buy basic items.
