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Life in the U.K.: A long and illustrious history - A global power > A global power: The Industrial Revolution, Richard Arkwright, Sake Dean Mahomet > Flashcards

A global power: The Industrial Revolution, Richard Arkwright, Sake Dean Mahomet Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the biggest source of employment in Britain before the 18th Century?

A

Agriculture

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2
Q

What is a “cottage industry”?

A

A business or manufacturing activity carried on in people’s homes.

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3
Q

What type of cottage industry might you have found in Britain before the 18th Century?

A

Cloth and Lace making

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4
Q

What characterises the Industrial Revolution?

A

A rapid development of industry

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5
Q

When did Britain go through the Industrial Revolution?

A

18th and 19th Century

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6
Q

In what way does Britain’s Industrial Revolution stand out when compared to other countries?

A

Britain was the first to industrialise in a large scale

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7
Q

What 2 developments made the Industrial Revolution possible?

A

Development of steam power

And machinery

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8
Q

Name 2 types of production that benefited from mechanisation during the Industrial Revolution?

A

Manufacturing

Agriculture

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9
Q

What did mechanisation during the Industrial Revolution result in?

A

Increased efficiency

Increased production

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10
Q

What raw material was required to power factories during the Industrial Revolution?

A

Coal

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11
Q

What type of population movement was observed during the Industrial Revolution?

A

People moved out of the countryside into cities

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12
Q

Why did people move out of the countryside into cities during the Industrial Revolution?

A

To get work in mining and manufacturing industries

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13
Q

Which process was developed allowing mass production of steel?

A

The Bessemer process

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14
Q

Which 2 industries were able to develop thanks to the mass production of steel?

A

Shipbuilding

Railways

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15
Q

What did Richard Arkwright originally train and work as?

A

A barber

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16
Q

What skills did Richard Arkwright have from his work as a barber?

A

Dye hair

Make wigs

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17
Q

What did Richard Arkwright start working in after being a barber?

A

Textiles

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18
Q

Why did Richard Arkwright switch from barber to working in textiles?

A

Wigs had become less popular

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19
Q

What is “carding” in textile?

A

The process of preparing fibres

For spinning into yarn and fabric

20
Q

What machine did Richard Arkwright successfully improve?

A

The carding machine

21
Q

Richard Arkwright developed horse-driven spinning mills that used only one machine.

What did he switch to, to power the machines?

A

The steam engine

22
Q

What is Richard Arkwright particularly remembered for?

A

The way he ran his factories:

  • Efficient
  • Profitable
23
Q

What transport network was developed during the Industrial Revolution to move raw materials and manufactured goods to towns, cities and ports?

A

Canals

24
Q

Where were canals particularly built during the Industrial Revolution?

A

New industrial areas

In the middle and north of England

25
Q

What were working conditions like during the Industrial Revolution?

A

Very poor conditions

Forced to work long hours

In dangerous situations

26
Q

What legal protections did employees have during the Industrial Revolution?

A

None

No laws protecting employees.

27
Q

Did children work during the Industrial Revolution?

A

Yes

28
Q

Which captain mapped the coast of Australia in the 18th Century?

A

Captain James Cook

29
Q

When were the first British colonies settled in Australia?

A

18th Century

1788

January 26

On January 26, 1788, Captain Arthur Phillip guides a fleet of 11 British ships carrying convicts to the colony of New South Wales, effectively founding Australia.

30
Q

When did Britain gain control of Canada?

A

18th Century

1763

In 1763, France ceded Canada to England through the Treaty of Paris.

Now England controlled all of Canada.

31
Q

What was the East India company originally set-up to do?

A

Trade with

East and Southeast Asia

and India

32
Q

Which country did the East India Company gain control of large parts of in the 18th Century?

A

India

The company became involved in politics

and acted as an agent of British imperialism in India

from the early 18th century to the mid-19th century.

33
Q

In the 18th Century, from where was Britain importing sugar and tabacoo?

A

North America

West Indies

34
Q

Britain started colonising Australia in the 18th Century? Where else did it start colonising around then?

A

Southern Africa

35
Q

In the 18th Century, from where was Britain importing textiles, tea and spices?

A

India

Indonesia

Indonesia was know and the Dutch/Netherland East Indies back then

36
Q

With which country did Britain find itself in conflict over trade and overseas settlements?

A

France

37
Q

Why did Britain find itself in conflict with France over trade and settlements?

A

Both were expanding

and trading in a similar way

38
Q

What is Sake Dean Mahomet famous for?

A

Opening the first curry house in Britain

1810 - London, George St. - The Hindoostane Coffee House

39
Q

Who opened the first curry house in Britain?

A

Sake Dean Mahomet

40
Q

When was the first curry house opened in Britain?

A

19th Century

1810

41
Q

Where was the first curry house opened in Britain?

A

London

George Street

42
Q

What was the first curry house in Britain called?

A

The Hindoostane Coffee House

43
Q

Where was Sake Dean Mahomet born?

A

The Bengal region of India

44
Q

What year did Sake Dean Mahomet arrive in Britain?

A

18th Century

1782

45
Q

Where did Sake Dean Mahomet meet Jane Daly?

A

Ireland

46
Q

When did Sake Dean Mahomet elope with Jane Daly?

A

18th Century

1786

47
Q

As well as curry house, what did Sake Dean Mahomet and Jane Daly introduce in Britain?

A

Shampooing:

The Indian art of head massage

Life in the U.K.: A long and illustrious history - A global power (16 decks)

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