A global power: The Industrial Revolution, Richard Arkwright, Sake Dean Mahomet Flashcards
What was the biggest source of employment in Britain before the 18th Century?
Agriculture
What is a “cottage industry”?
A business or manufacturing activity carried on in people’s homes.
What type of cottage industry might you have found in Britain before the 18th Century?
Cloth and Lace making
What characterises the Industrial Revolution?
A rapid development of industry
When did Britain go through the Industrial Revolution?
18th and 19th Century
In what way does Britain’s Industrial Revolution stand out when compared to other countries?
Britain was the first to industrialise in a large scale
What 2 developments made the Industrial Revolution possible?
Development of steam power
And machinery
Name 2 types of production that benefited from mechanisation during the Industrial Revolution?
Manufacturing
Agriculture
What did mechanisation during the Industrial Revolution result in?
Increased efficiency
Increased production
What raw material was required to power factories during the Industrial Revolution?
Coal
What type of population movement was observed during the Industrial Revolution?
People moved out of the countryside into cities
Why did people move out of the countryside into cities during the Industrial Revolution?
To get work in mining and manufacturing industries
Which process was developed allowing mass production of steel?
The Bessemer process
Which 2 industries were able to develop thanks to the mass production of steel?
Shipbuilding
Railways
What did Richard Arkwright originally train and work as?
A barber
What skills did Richard Arkwright have from his work as a barber?
Dye hair
Make wigs
What did Richard Arkwright start working in after being a barber?
Textiles
Why did Richard Arkwright switch from barber to working in textiles?
Wigs had become less popular
What is “carding” in textile?
The process of preparing fibres
For spinning into yarn and fabric
What machine did Richard Arkwright successfully improve?
The carding machine
Richard Arkwright developed horse-driven spinning mills that used only one machine.
What did he switch to, to power the machines?
The steam engine
What is Richard Arkwright particularly remembered for?
The way he ran his factories:
- Efficient
- Profitable
What transport network was developed during the Industrial Revolution to move raw materials and manufactured goods to towns, cities and ports?
Canals
Where were canals particularly built during the Industrial Revolution?
New industrial areas
In the middle and north of England
What were working conditions like during the Industrial Revolution?
Very poor conditions
Forced to work long hours
In dangerous situations
What legal protections did employees have during the Industrial Revolution?
None
No laws protecting employees.
Did children work during the Industrial Revolution?
Yes
Which captain mapped the coast of Australia in the 18th Century?
Captain James Cook
When were the first British colonies settled in Australia?
18th Century
1788
January 26
On January 26, 1788, Captain Arthur Phillip guides a fleet of 11 British ships carrying convicts to the colony of New South Wales, effectively founding Australia.
When did Britain gain control of Canada?
18th Century
1763
In 1763, France ceded Canada to England through the Treaty of Paris.
Now England controlled all of Canada.
What was the East India company originally set-up to do?
Trade with
East and Southeast Asia
and India
Which country did the East India Company gain control of large parts of in the 18th Century?
India
The company became involved in politics
and acted as an agent of British imperialism in India
from the early 18th century to the mid-19th century.
In the 18th Century, from where was Britain importing sugar and tabacoo?
North America
West Indies
Britain started colonising Australia in the 18th Century? Where else did it start colonising around then?
Southern Africa
In the 18th Century, from where was Britain importing textiles, tea and spices?
India
Indonesia
Indonesia was know and the Dutch/Netherland East Indies back then
With which country did Britain find itself in conflict over trade and overseas settlements?
France
Why did Britain find itself in conflict with France over trade and settlements?
Both were expanding
and trading in a similar way
What is Sake Dean Mahomet famous for?
Opening the first curry house in Britain
1810 - London, George St. - The Hindoostane Coffee House
Who opened the first curry house in Britain?
Sake Dean Mahomet
When was the first curry house opened in Britain?
19th Century
1810
Where was the first curry house opened in Britain?
London
George Street
What was the first curry house in Britain called?
The Hindoostane Coffee House
Where was Sake Dean Mahomet born?
The Bengal region of India
What year did Sake Dean Mahomet arrive in Britain?
18th Century
1782
Where did Sake Dean Mahomet meet Jane Daly?
Ireland
When did Sake Dean Mahomet elope with Jane Daly?
18th Century
1786
As well as curry house, what did Sake Dean Mahomet and Jane Daly introduce in Britain?
Shampooing:
The Indian art of head massage
