A. Dates Flashcards
When and where the term nationalism first appeared?
in 1774 in a work by J.G Herder (a German philosopher)
When the term nationalism was widely used ?
Mid-nineteenth century
What Comes into existence first a word or a reality ?
A word Comes into existence to name a reality si the reality precedes the word
How do men as gregarious animals historically bond with one another?
The need tonsurvive liké packs of animals, in all animal groups there is typically a leader
What did vital physical/biological cooperation among men eventually evolve into?
Into a psychological and spiritual need, leading toi the development of forms of beliefs in or loyalty toi their endogamous entity = their tribe
What distinguishes loyalties to tribes from nationalism?
Bye their object. Nationalism IS loyalty to a nation whereas tribal loyalties are focused on geographically limited group
According to academics, how do tribes, communities and groups typically view themselves?
Lost academics agree that they regards itself as the center if thé World from an endogamous point if view
Are nations considered inherent and natural human pheneomena ?
No cultural constructs
What is the main point if disagreement among academics regarding the chronolgy of thé émergence of nations?
The timeline of when nations came into existence. Some belived they existed early in human History while other argue that nations are entirely modern or recent concepts.
How Modern Era IS defined historiography ?
Post- medieval Times distinct from contemporary era
What Factors contribued toi the émergence of national consciousness in the 19th century ?
Made possible by Factors such as the french, american and industrial revolutions, the Enlightenment a’d the emergence of Romanticism as a philosophy
How did thé upheavals of thé american and french revolutions contribute toi the dawn if the age of nationalism in the West?
Dismantling the structures of the ancien regime confirmés a shift in the balance of power between the crown and the country maki g thé dawn if the age of nationalism in thé west
According to benedict Anderson what emblematic Idea represents the freedom associated with nationalism birth?
The sovereign state
According to the Great Divide theory what division existed among communities before 19th?
Elites tended to bé internotionally oriented, feeling they belonged to western Europe, while lower classes and peasants were locally oriented, feeling connected to smaller communities like their native région town or hamlet
How did language usage reflect a’d encourage the sense of belonging for élites and peasants in the past ?
Elites often spoke a foreign language in addition toi their own such as french ans latin while peasants spoke their local dialect
What did social and linguistic divisions existe according to the Great Divide theory?
Because before thé 19th century no centralized authority ilposed a consistent original language common to all citizens within the state. Government did not prioritize such linguistic uniformity
When did normative isomorphism of language, nation and state begin to develop ?
After 1800 indicating an intimate link btw these three notions
What are some critisms of the great Divide analysis?
- the argument that nationalism began around 1450s not 1800
- the ackowledgment that Europe wa not a dtatic bloc before 1800 with distinctions and diferrences existing among regions
- the observation that linguistic argument has its limitations as language changes occured ar différent places in various places
What does L.Greenfeld’s thesis propose reagarding the emergence of the modern Idea of the nation?
The original modern Idea of the nation emrged in 16th England making it the first nation in the world
According to greenfeld how should we define modernity in relation to nationalism ?
Modernity should be defined by nationalism rather than nationalism bybits modernity
What does the course emphasize regarding the overlapping of modernity and nationalism?
The intricate overlapping btw modernity and nationalism and higlights the need to be cautious and avoid arbitary divisions of closely-connected notions
