a and p lab axial skeleton II Flashcards
axial skeleton, identify the vertebrae, the names of the things, and the ribs
How many bones are in a vertebral column?
24 single bones, 2 fused bones; sacrum=5 and coccyx=4, total of 33 bones.
What are the names of the regions, in order from top to bottom?
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx.
CTLSC
Which regions have a primary curvature, and which regions are secondary curvature?
Primary: Thoracic and Sacral
Secondary: Cervical and Lumbar
name the structures on a vertebrae, and be able to identify them on a picture.
Body, transverse process, superior articular process and facet, pedicle, body, vertebral foramen, vertebral arch, spinous process, lamina
Name some features of the cervical vertebrae
There are 7; C1-C7, they are the smallest, the vertebral foramen is triangular, spinous process is short, wide transverse processes with foramen for arteries and blood vessels
Name features and describe the axis
C2, allows for rotation of the skull and atlas, dens, nods no
Name features and describe the atlas
C1, lateral processes are large since the skull sits there, nods yes
Name and describe some features about the thoracic vertebrae
T1-T12, larger than the cervical vertebrae, costal facet processes, foramen is oval, spinous process is more like a hook/sickle, transverse processes have articular facets
Name and identify the parts on a thoracic vertebrae
superior articular facet, transverse process, transverse costal facet, superior costal facet, corpus, superior costal facet, vertebral foramen, superior vertebral notch, inferior costal facet, inferior articular facet, pedicle, spinous process
Name and describe features of the lumbar vertebrae
L1-L5, vertebral bodies are large and block like, spinous process is short and thick, extend backward, superior articular facet faces posteromedially, inferior articular facets are directed anterolaterally, reduced mobility, but strongest vertebrae
Name and label some parts of the lumbar vertebrae
spinous process, vertebral foramen, body, superior articular process, spinous process, transverse process, superior articular process, inferior articular process
Sacrum and its parts
5 fused vertebrae, known as composite bone, median sacral crest, concaves anteriorly, sacral foramina, promonotory, and hiatus
Coccyx and its parts
Also a composite bone, 3-5 small fused vertebrae
Thoracic cage
sternum, ribs, thoracic vertebrae, costal cartilages
Parts of the sternum
Fusion of 3 bones, manubrium, body, and xiphoid process. Xiphoid is made up of hyaline cartilage but ossifies when you get older. Jugular notch, sternal angle (where the manubrium meets the body), xiphesternal joint, where the body of the sternum and the xiphoid meet.
