A/9. Nutrient and Energy Requirements of Suckling and Growing Foals, Feeding and Nutrition. Flashcards
1
Q
Bw of foal at birth?
A
10% of the adult at birth (50kg)
2
Q
Bw of foal at weaning?
A
40-45% of adults body weight!
200-250kg
3
Q
Feeding the foal the first day?
A
- Newborn foals use carbs stored in liver + glycogen from skeletal muscle this provide energy for less than an hour
- up to 4 hrs of age–> stored body fat is the primary source of energy
4
Q
How much milk is consumed by the foal and what is the suckling characteristic?
A
- Consume 20-25% of BW daily of milk for first x5 weekly
- +17-20% after (10-12L/50kg)
- Suckling frequency is characteristic due to weak pharangeal muscles
- very frequent up to 100 times/day in beginning
- 30-40 times daily when the foal grows older
5
Q
Describe the creep feeding of foals?
A
- Starting at 2 weeks of age, when the foal starts to nibble solid feed
- start with simple cereals or pelleted diets for foals
- How much?–> litres of oat… 4 litres for 4 month old foal
- gradually increase forage to allow microflora to establishment in hindgut, but be careful not to feed too much alfalfa post weaning(DOD)
6
Q
Feeding at weaning?
A
- 1kg concentrates needed(5 litre oats + 2.5 kg hay daily)
- 14% protein + starch/carbs + mineral + vit + salt throughout
7
Q
Why is weaning not possible before 3 months of age?
A
- Until 3 months lactase is the primary hydrolyse then maltase inc
- v. little microbial digestion by 3 months
- B/w 3+6 months –> maltase+ amylase reach adult level
8
Q
De requirements?
A
- DEm + DEg is needed, as the foal should gain weight
- depend on the actual and mature body weight
9
Q
Cp requirements?
A
- DE x 12 at weaning
- DE x 11 when 1 year old
- DE x 12 when 2 years old
10
Q
Nurser (3 months) expected DM consumption?
A
- forage intake(Kg) 0
- concentration intake(Kg) 1-2
- total(Kg) 2.5- 3.5
11
Q
Weanling(6 months) expected Dm consumption?
A
- forage intake(Kg) 0.5-1
- concentration intake(Kg)1.5-3
- total(Kg) 2-3.5
12
Q
yearling(12 months) expected Dm consumption?
A
- forage intake(Kg) 1- 1.5
- concentration intake(Kg) 1-2
- total(Kg) 2-3.5
