A+ 1101 Exam Review Flashcards
Pass Exam the First Time
FTP
Port: 20&21
File Transfer Protocol
Sends and receives files between systems
non-secure
SSH
Port 22
Secure Shell
Encrypted console access
Telnet
Port 23
Telecommunications Network
Insecure console access
SMTP
Port 25 (587)(465)
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
Transfer email between mail servers (send mail to people)
DNS
Port 53
Domain Name System
Convert domain names to IP addresses (internet yellow pages)
DHCP
Port 67,68
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
Automatically retrieve and assign an IP address to a host computer
HTTP
Port 80
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
Web Server Communication
POP3
Port 110(995)
Post Office Protocol version 3
Receive mail into an email client (incoming/download email)
IMAP
Port 143(993)
Internet Message Access Protocol
A newer email client protocol, synchronizes e-mail on your computer (incoming/access email)
HTTPS
Port 443
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure
Web server communication with encryption
NetBIOS
Port 137,138,139
137: NetBIOS name service: Register, remove, and find Windows services by name
138: NetBIOS datagram service: Windows Connectionless data transfer
139: NetBIOS session service: Windows connection oriented data transfer
SNMP
Port 161 & 162
Simple Network Management Protocol
Collect and Organize information about managed devices. Tests performance in a centralized location
SMB/CIFS
445
Server Message Block
Windows file transfers and printer sharing
LDAP
Port 389
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
Accessing data in a directory/database of information
AFP
Port 548
Apple Filing Protocol
MAC OS file transfers
RDP
Port 3389
Remote Desktop Protocol
Graphical display of remote devices
SFTP **
Also uses port 22 same as SSH
Secure File Transfer Protocol
Used for encryption of file sharing
TLS
Transport Layer Security
An upgrade from SSL (Secure Socket Layer); commonly used in HTTPS for secure browsing
Syslog
Port 514
Logging and event manager server role
TCP/IP
Transmisson Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
It is a suite of communication protocols used to interconnect network devices on the internet and other networks
802.11a
5 GHz
54 Mbps
802.11b
2.4 GHz
11 Mbps
802.11g
2.4 GHz
54Mbps
802.11n
2.4/5 GHz
600 Mbps
802.11ac
Wi-Fi 5
5 GHz
6.77 Gbps
802.11ax
Wi-Fi 6
2.4/5 GHz
9.6 Gbps
Proxy Servers
Between Client and Server
Can be used as a caching server to improve performance
Manages user access from local network to internet/website
Can apply content filtering and time restrictions
UTM
Unified Threat Management
A single appliance/gateway that performs multiple security functions
IDS
Intrusion Detection System
Includes firewall, anti-virus/malware detection
IPS
Prevents viruses and malware
SCADA
Supervisory control and data Acquistion
Used for monitoring and remote control in various industries like air traffic control, railways, and power companies
SCSI
Small Computer System Interface
Standards for connecting and transferring data between computers and peripheral devices such as hard drives, CD/DVD drives, scanners, and printers to a computer
ICS
Industrial Control Systems
Important for industrial operations
Manufacturing, Production, and Distribution
3 Ranges of Private IPv4 addresses **
10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255
172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Class A **
1-126
Class B **
128-191
Class C **
192-223
DKIM **
DomainKeys Identified Mail is a method of email authentication that allows the receiver to verify that an email message was sent by an authorized sender and has not been tampered with during transit. This is done by using public-key cryptography to sign outgoing messages, with the receiving server verifying the signature against a public key published in DNS.
SPF
Sender Policy Framework
Another email authentication method that helps prevent email spoofing by verifying that sender’s IP address is authorized to send email for a particular domain. SPF records are published in the DNS and specify which IP addresses are allowed to send email on behalf of the domain
Test question mentioned by peer: Something like you need an IP address and configured for a computer you’re adding to the network **
DHCP
DMARC
Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance is a more advanced email authentication protocol that combines the use of DKIM and SPF records to provide greater visibility and control over email authentication. DMARC policies are also published in DNS and allow domain owners to specify how receivers should handle email that fails authentication checks. For example, DMARC policies can instruct receivers to quarantine or reject suspicious email.
SAN**
Storage Area Network
Opposite of NAS (Network Attached Storage)
For large enterprise networks
We could have racks and racks of storage devices in the back room of data room
iSCSI
Internet Small Computer System Interface
A protocol used to facilitate the transfer of data over IP networks, allowing for block-level storage access
SAN
FCOE
Fibre channel over ethernet
Network technology that encapsulates Fibre Channel to use high-speed Ethernet networks 10 Gbps or higher
Commonly used in data centers to streamline storage networking and improve efficiency
Question from peer on exam: What is the first thing you need to do as an organization for a Wi-Fi network? **
You need to do a Site Survey
need to know where wires come, cables, and etc.
QOS **
Quality of service
Is a crucial concept in networking that ensures the efficient and reliable delivery of packets
Prioritizes certain types of network traffic
Essential for applications that require real-time data transmission, such as video conferencing, online gaming, and IoT devices
Printer Troubleshooting Laser:
I have a print out in my hand. The ink is smudging, what went wrong?
Fusing assembly went wrong; maybe replace
Every Print out has a thick solid line across the paper, what is going on?
Could be rollers or Drum; Drum could be damaged; clean as well
Ghost images of previous print jobs on current print job?
Cleaning assembly has not cleaned up remaining charge and toner
Cleaning product for printer cleaning
Isopropyl alcohol; rollers
Ink Jet printer
Non-impact, laser is too
CMYK: Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black
Software easy click
Make sure you do a test print and calibration after changing cartridge
Impact Printer
Dot Matrix
Paycheck
Noisy and many mechanical parts
Thermal Printer
Receipts, bar code labels
Uses dye sublimation method
Special type of paper
3D printers
Build solid objects from successive layers of material
Filament; printer melts and extrudes it to the build surface layer by layer
PLA and ABS filament
Printer Configurations
Control Panel
Devices and Printer
Add a printer, if already configured to Wi-Fi
Can click the printer is not listed; add using IP address; or search for older printer option
What is a network printer
If you already have a printer on your network being shared by your server you need
\servername\sharename of printer
UNC Path (Universal Naming Convention Path): used to connect to networks
Ways to find out printer IP addresses
Print a test page
Check your routers configuration on IP address being used on your network
Check printer properties
Using ARP command
Spooling option
Stores print jobs temporarily
If printer stops printing and you see pages lined up in the queue what is the first thing you do?
Flush the spoiler
Open up computer management; services and applications go in and find print spooler service; click restart
POST
Power-On-Self-Test
Mini routine in BIOS; one normal beep passes POST. Checks hardware to ensure components required to boot the PC are present and functioning correctly
SMART
Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology
Included in computer hard disk drive (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and eMMC drives. Its primary function is to detect and report various indicators of drive reliability with the intent of anticipating imminent hardware failures
Allows you time to back up data
Very common computer saying no OS found or no hard drive found? Maybe the hard drive is present
First thing to check is the boot sequence, is the BIOS detecting the hard drive, check connections
You connect a projector but nothing is on the screen everything is connected **
function key + F8
Quick way to manage your display options
Poor/no connectivity on mobile phone
Check if Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or cellular data are turned on, try resetting the network settings, check for any physical damage to the device’s antenna or SIM card, and try restarting the device or the router
Issue with touch pad on laptop **
Mouse setting in device manager
