9th topic, Confucianism etc.

Question 1

What can show clues about the “self” in social organization?

Answer 1

You can see it in their social organization like how they see their boss or their subordinate.

Question 2

What forms of expression may reveal insights about the “self”?

Answer 2

Artworks, dances, even clothing may show you clues about the “self.”

Question 3

Can be seen as a code of ethical conduct, of how one should properly act according to their relationship with other people.

Answer 3

Confucianism

Question 4

How is the identity and self-concept of the individual viewed in Confucianism?

Answer 4

The identity and self-concept of the individual are interwoven with the identity and status of his/her community or culture.

Question 5

What is considered the ultimate purpose of life in Confucianism?

Answer 5

Self-cultivation

Question 6

What is described as a “subdued self” in Confucianism?

Answer 6

The Cultivated Self in Confucianism is what some scholars call a “subdued self” wherein personal needs are repressed (subdued) for the good of many.

Question 7

What social structure does Confucianism create for maintaining order and balance?

Answer 7

Making Confucian society also hierarchical for the purpose of maintaining order and balance in society.

Question 8

Is living in the way of the Tao or the universe.

Answer 8

Taoism

Question 9

Rejects the hierarchy and strictness brought by Confucianism and would prefer a simple lifestyle.

Answer 9

Taoism

Question 10

What does Taoism say about the self in relation to the universe?

Answer 10

The self is not just an extension of the family or the community; it is part of the universe, one of the forms and manifestations of the Tao.

Question 11

What is the ideal self according to Taoism?

Answer 11

The ideal self is selflessness but this is not forgetting about the self, it is living a balanced life with society and nature.

Question 12

What does Buddhism teach about the self?

Answer 12

The self is seen as an illusion born out of ignorance, of trying to hold and control things, or human-centered needs.

Question 13

What do Eastern philosophies say about striving to become a better person?

Answer 13

One does not create a self above other people or nature but a self that is beneficial to his community as well as in order and harmony with everything else.

Question 14

What do Western perspectives focus on regarding the formation of the self?

Answer 14

The focus is always looking toward the self.

Question 15

How do Americans and Asians differ in describing themselves?

Answer 15

Several studies showed that Americans, for example, talk more about their personal attributes when describing themselves while
Asians in general talk about their social roles or the social situations that invoked certain traits.

Question 16

How do Americans and Asians evaluate the self differently?

Answer 16

Americans would highlight their personal achievements while
Asians would rather keep a low profile as promoting the self can be seen as boastfulness that disrupts social relationships.

Question 17

What type of culture is described as individualistic?

Answer 17

Western Culture

Question 18

What type of culture is described as collectivistic?

Answer 18

Asian culture, as the group and social relations that are given more importance than individual needs and wants.

Question 19

What do Eastern or oriental persons value in their communication?

Answer 19

They look after the welfare of their groups and value cooperation.

Question 20

What is inevitable in diversity, according to the text?

Answer 20

Whereas Conflict is inevitable in diversity, peace is also possible through the understanding of where each of us is coming from.

Question 21

a man of virtue or noble character

Answer 21

chun-tzu

Question 22

they adopt a free-flowing, relative, unitary, as well as paradoxical view of almost everything.

Answer 22

Taoism

Question 23

their core concepts remained the same. The self is seen as an illusion born out of ignorance, of trying to hold and control things, or human-centered needs; thus, the self is also the source of all these sufferings (Ho 1995). It is, therefore, our quest to forget about the self, forget the cravings of the self, break the attachments you have with the world, and to renounce the self which is the cause of all suffering and in doing so, attain the state of Nirvana (

Answer 23

Buddhism

Question 24

Sees the other person as part of yourself as well as the things you may create, a drama in which everyone is interconnected with their specific roles

Answer 24

Eastern perspectives