9.1 oxidation and reduction

Question 1

what are reactions that transfer electrons from one reactant to another

Answer 1

oxidation-reduction reactions

AKA redox reactions

Question 2

oxidation

Answer 2

loss of an electron from a substance

Question 3

reduction

Answer 3

gaining an electron of a substance

Question 4

generalized redox reaction equation:

Answer 4

X(e-) + Y -> X + Y(e-)

Question 5

reducing agent

Answer 5

X(e-) + Y -> X + Y(e-)

–reduces the other reactant by giving the other one an electron
–X(e-) is the reducing agent and it
reduces Y

Question 6

Oxidizing agent

Answer 6

X(e-) + Y -> X + Y(e-)

• -oxidizes the other reactant by taking its electron
• -Y is the oxidizing agent since it takes the electron from X(e-)

Question 7

methane oxygen reaction

Answer 7

changes the degree of electron sharing in covalent bonds

• -methane is oxidized
• -oxygen is reduced

Question 8

the methane

Answer 8

• in methane, hydrogen and carbon share electrons equally because they are about the same electronegativity
• -after reacted with oxygen, (forming CO2) the carbon loses its shared electrons since oxygen is very electronegative and pulls the electrons towards itself
• -so the methane is oxidized

Question 9

the oxygen

Answer 9

• -it combines with hydrogen
• it partially gains electrons since it is more electronegative
• -so it is reduced