9.1: Confounding I ✅

Question 1

The Multifactorial nature of disease

Answer 1

Most diseases are caused by exposure to risk factors and low protective factors
= disease determinants

Chronic diseases share common determinants

Question 2

Disease determinants

Answer 2

1) Genetic factors

2) Biological/Physiological factors 

3) Lifestyle factors

4) Psychosocial factors

5) Sociodemographic 

6) Wider environmental

Question 3

Confounding

Answer 3

A third factor that explains all or part of the association between an exposure and an outcome

Question 4

What criteria must be filled to be Confounding?

Answer 4

1) Has to be associated with the outcome of interest

2) Has to be associated with the exposure of interest

3) Should not lie in the casual pathway between exposure and outcome

-if a factor is associated with the outcome but not the exposure (or vice versa) then the factor cannot be a confounder
-if a factor is associated with the exposure and outcome but lies in a casual pathway, then the factors a mediator, not a cofounder