9 - Urban Processes Flashcards
What is urbanisation?
The growth in proportion of peole living in urban areas
What is suburbanistion?
The migration of people from city centres to the outskirts of cities
What is counter-urbanisation?
The movement of people out of the city into surrounding villages and rural areas
What is urban resurgence?
The movement of people back to the city centre
What causes urbanisation?
Rural-urban migration (migrants are normally young adults)
Natural increase
What causes suburbanisation?
Increasing urbanisation causes overcrowding in city centres.
Improvements in transport links mean living in suburbs and commuting to work is possible.
Older population retire to suburbs whilst younger population raise children in suburbs.
What causes counter-urbanisation?
Improvements in transport links mean living in rural areas and commuting to work is possible.
Better communication allows people to work from home in rural areas.
What causes urban resurgence?
More jobs in the city/lack of jobs in suburban or rural areas.
New developments in cities are attractive.
What are the effects of urbanisation in developing countries?
Shanty towns - unplanned, illegal settlements made out of any material available.
What are the effects of suburbanisation?
A complex pattern of wealthy and poor areas develop: middle class leave behind poorer (and often foreign immigrant) population.
Leads to economic and ethnic segregation
What are the effects or urban resurgence?
New shops and services may open in the city as people move back - boosts local economy and creates jobs.
Original residents may not be able to afford to live in the are anymore and may be forced to live in cheaper locations.
What are the effects of counter-urbanisation?
New housing estates built in rural areas.
House prices may increase in rural areas affecting local people who may no longer be able to afford to stay.
Can change the age structure of the area - average age may increase.
