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BDV > 9 - Threats to Philippine Biodiversity > Flashcards

9 - Threats to Philippine Biodiversity Flashcards

1
Q

Threats to Philippine Biodiversity (7)

A

habitat loss
climate change
invasive species
overexploitation
pollution
agriculture and land use
mining

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2
Q

under habitat loss (3)

A

deforestation
urbanization
agriculture

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3
Q

According to data from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the country’s forest cover decreased from approximately ________ of its total land area in the early 20th century to just around________ by 2015. This represents a significant loss of forested habitats.

A

70% ; 23%

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4
Q

under climate change (3)

A

rising temperature
sea level rise
extreme weather

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5
Q

under invasive species (4)

A

competition
predation
habitat alteration
disease & pathogen

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6
Q

examples of invasive species (3)

A

water hyacinth
african catfish
golden apple snail

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7
Q

under overexplotation (2)

A

overfishing
illegal logging

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8
Q

According to a report by the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR), around ______ of Philippine waters are overfished or fully exploited

A

60%-70%

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9
Q

Many commercially important fish species, such as ______ are subject to overfishing, resulting in declining catches and reduced income for local fisherfolk

A

tuna, sardines and groupers

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10
Q

said that illegal logging and unsustainable logging practices have led to the loss of thousands of hectares of forest annually

A

Forest Management Bureau (FMB)

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11
Q

under pollution (2)

A

water pollution
air pollution

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12
Q

water pollution leads to a (3)

A
  • decrease in water quality
  • oxygen depletion
  • introduction of harmful substances.
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13
Q

under agriculture and land use (2)

A

pesticides
monoculture farming

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14
Q

can also harm non-target species, including beneficial insects, birds, and aquatic organisms, through direct contact, ingestion, or habitat contamination

A

pesticides

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15
Q

when predators feed on multiple contaminated prey, these toxins can become more concentrated

A

biomagnification

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16
Q

involves growing a single crop over large areas. This practice reduces habitat diversity for other plants and wildlife. It can lead to the displacement of native flora and fauna, as well as a decline in biodiversity

A

monoculture farming

17
Q

under mining (2)

A

habitat destruction
water pollution

18
Q

involves clearing large areas of forests and other natural habitats to access mineral deposits. This habitat destruction can lead to the displacement and loss of numerous plant and animal species, including those that may be endemic or endangered.

A

mining

19
Q

is a common problem in mining areas. It occurs when sulfide minerals in the ore react with air and water, producing acidic runoff that can contaminate surface and groundwater

A

Acid mine drainage (AMD)

20
Q

can smother riverbeds and aquatic habitats, degrading water quality and destroying important breeding grounds for fish and other aquatic organisms

A

sedimentation from mining operations

21
Q

Conservation efforts (5)

A
  • protected areas and conservation zone
  • conservation organization
  • government initiatives
  • international cooperation
  • community engagement and education
22
Q

Protected Areas and Conservation Zone (3)

A
  • TUBBATAHA Reefs Natural Park (UNESCO)
  • Mount Apo Natural Park
  • Palawan Wildlife Rescue and Conservation Center
23
Q

Conservation Organization (3)

A
  • Haribon Foundation for the Conservation of Natural Resources
  • Philippine Eagle Foundation
  • World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) Philippines
24
Q

Government Initiatives (4)

A
  • The Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)
  • Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act
  • National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) Act
  • The Biodiversity Management Bureau (BMB)
25
Q

International Cooperation (2)

A
  • Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
  • United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
26
Q

initiatives involve local communities in biodiversity protection efforts. These projects often focus on sustainable resource management, eco-tourism, and environmental education.

A

Community-based conservation

27
Q

are essential for fostering a sense of stewardship among the public and promoting responsible environmental practices

A

Educational programs and awareness campaigns

BDV (8 decks)

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