9 - STANDING WAVE MOTION

Question 1

If a uniform string of infinite length is subjected to a tension and one of its ends is given a vibrating motion perpendicular to the string, a moving disturbance in the form of a ______ is generated and travels along the string.

Answer 1

wave

Question 2

The motion of any particle of the string is at right angles to the undisturbed position of the string and the waves are ____________.

Answer 2

transverse waves

Question 3

The speed v of the wave is given by

where ___ is the frequency and ____ is the wavelength of the wave

Answer 3

v = λf

f and λ

Question 4

Where F is the ____________ in the string and m is the _______ of the string whose ______ is L.

Answer 4

stretching force or tension
mass
length

Question 5

What happens when a wave is reflected by a fixed point at the end of a string?

Answer 5

The resulting motion shows no evidence of two waves traveling in opposite directions. Instead, it creates a standing wave pattern.

Question 6

If the frequency is sufficiently great so that the eye cannot follow the motion, the string appears subdivided into a number of segments, as in the figures below. The points that remain always at rest are known as _______ and the points with maximum fluctuations are called _______ . The vibration as a whole is called _______.

Answer 6

nodes
antinodes
standing waves

Question 7

What happens if the frequency of the standing wave is high enough?

Answer 7

The string appears subdivided into segments. This occurs because the eye cannot follow the rapid motion.

Question 8

What conditions must be met for a string to vibrate with maximum amplitude?

Answer 8

• The frequency, length of the string, and speed of the waves must be related in a way that standing waves are formed.
• This happens when the ends of the string are nodes, and the length of the string corresponds to an integer number of half-wavelengths.

Question 9

How is the length of the string (L) related to the wavelength in a standing wave?

Answer 9

The length of the string (L) must equal an integer number (N) of half-wavelengths:

L = N⋅(𝜆/2)

​

Question 10

is a wave pattern formed when two waves of the same frequency and amplitude travel in opposite directions, resulting in points of no motion (nodes) and points of maximum motion (antinodes).

Answer 10

A standing wave

Question 11

Since both ends of the string are fixed in position, the ends must be _______ in the standing waves

Answer 11

nodes

Question 12

In this experiment, the waves will be generated by an electrically driven _______ in a string under tension. The _______ is varied to produce standing waves of different wavelengths in the string that makes it vibrate in one, two or more loops. Using the obtained magnitudes of the wavelength of the standing waves, the tension in the string and mass per unit length of the string, _______ produced by the vibrator will be determined

Answer 12

vibrator
applied tension
the frequency of the oscillations

Question 13

APPARATUS (7)

Answer 13

Mechanical vibrator
60-Hz frequency generator
iron stand
spring balance
meter stick
string
extension cord