7 - Specific Heat of Solids

Question 1

Substances of equal masses differ from one another in the quantity of heat needed to produce a change in its temperature. The _____________ of a substance is the amount of heat that must be added to or removed from a unit mass of that substance to raise or reduce its temperature by 1C°.

Answer 1

specific heat capacity c

Question 2

To measure the specific heat capacity c of a substance, an experimental technique called __________ is used.

Answer 2

Calorimetry

Question 3

When two bodies at different temperatures are placed in _______, heat flows from the hotter body to the colder body until both bodies reach thermal equilibrium.

Answer 3

thermal contact

Question 4

If the whole system is isolated from its surroundings, the heat leaving the hotter body equals the heat entering the colder body. This is the principle behind _________. In equation form, it is written as:

Answer 4

Calorimetry

Heat absorbed (by the colder body) = Heat given off (by the hotter body)

Question 5

Calorimetry measurements are made using a device called a _________, used to measure the specific heat capacity of solid material.

Answer 5

calorimeter

Question 6

Calorimeter consists of an insulated can containing a known amount of water. The _________ around the can prohibits the transfer of heat into or out of the can.

Answer 6

insulation (fiber ring)

Question 7

The can and water are set at some initial temperature, and the object whose specific heat is to be measured is warmed or cooled to a temperature different form that of the water and can. The can, water, and object eventually reach the same final temperature. If the object starts at a higher temperature, it cools by transferring heat to the water and can. The water and can, in turn, are warmed. The neat heat change is zero since heat gained by the water and can equals that lost by the object.

The heat transfer process is written as:

____________________________

Answer 7

Qcan + Qwater + Qobject = 0

where Qcan, Qwater, and Qobject are the heat gained or lost by the can, water and object, respectively.

Question 8

We can use ________ to calculate the heat change for each. If heat is gained, Q is positive; if heat is lost, Q is negative.

Answer 8

Q= mcΔt

Question 9

Give Specific Heat (Cal/g C):

Water
Copper
Lead
Steel
Aluminum

Answer 9

1.000
0.093
0.031
0.118
0.217

Question 10

Give Specific Heat (J/kg C):

Water
Copper
Lead
Steel
Aluminum

Answer 10

4190
390
130
470
910

Question 11

Why is there need for a quick transfer of the hot shots into the water in the calorimeter?

Answer 11

in order to have accurate measurements and results since it minimizes the heat loss of the surroundings by ensuring all heat exchange occur within calorimeter

Question 12

Why is there a need to constantly stir the metal shots during heating?

Answer 12

in order to distribute the heat uniformly so that the temperature becomes the same and the results will be accurate