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Behavioral MCAT > 9: Social Interaction > Flashcards

9: Social Interaction Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

Ascribed status

A

One that is given involuntarily due to factors such as race, ethnicity, gender and family background

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2
Q

Achieved status

A

Status that is gained as a result of one’s efforts or choices, such as being a doctor

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3
Q

Master status

A

Status by which a person is most identified

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4
Q

Role

A
  • Each status has a role, a set of beliefs, values, attitudes, and norms that define expectations for those who hold the status
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5
Q

Role performance

A

Carrying out of behaviors associated with a given role

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6
Q

Role partner

A

The person with whom one is interacting - doctors have many role partners: nurses, patients, other doctors, residents, hospital admin

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7
Q

Role conflict

A

Difficulty in satisfying the requirements or expectations of multiple roles

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8
Q

Role strain

A

Difficulty in satisfying multiple requirements of the same role

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9
Q

Role exit

A

Dropping of one identity for another

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10
Q

Group

A

Two or more people who share similar characteristics and a sense of unity

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11
Q

Peer group

A

Group that is defined by association of self-selected equals around similar interests, ages, and statuses

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12
Q

Family group

A

A group not self-selected, but determined by birth, adoption, and marriage

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13
Q

In-groups

A

Groups to which an individual belongs

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14
Q

Out-groups

A

Groups with which an individual competes or is in opposition

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15
Q

Reference groups

A

Groups that establish the terms by which individuals evaluate themselves

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16
Q

Primary group

A

The interactions are direct, with close bonds providing warm, personal, and intimate relationships to members
- Ex: close group of friends, tightly knit family, team members

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17
Q

Secondary group

A

The interactions are superficial, with few emotional bonds
Ex: Last short period of time, form and dissolve without any special significance, such as students working together on a project

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18
Q

Gemeinschaft (community) and Gesellschaft (society)

A
  • German sociologist Ferdinand Tonnies
  • Community: refers to groups unified by feelings of togetherness due to shared beliefs, ancestry, or geography. (Families and neighborhoods)
  • Society: refers to groups that are formed because of mutual self-interests working together toward the same goal. (companies and countries)
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19
Q

Interaction process analysis

A

Technique for observing, classifying,and measuring the interactions within small groups

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20
Q

System for multiple level observation groups (SYMLOG)

A
  • Revision of Interaction Process Analysis to form SYMLOG
  • based on the belief that there are three fundamental dimensions of interaction: dominance vs submission, friendliness vs unfriendliness and instrumentally controlled vs emotionally expressive
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21
Q

Group conformity

A

Individuals are compliant with the group’s goals, even when the group’s goals may be in direct contrast to the individual’s goal

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22
Q

Groupthink

A

Similar to group conformity; occurs when members begin to focus solely on ideas generated within the group, while ignoring outside ideas

23
Q

Network

A

Describe the observable patter of social relationships among individuals or groups

24
Q

Immediate networks

A

Dense with strong ties

25
Q

Distant networks

A

Looser and contain weaker ties; acquaintances

26
Q

Organizations

A

Entities that are set up to achieve specific goals and are characterized by having a structure and a culture

27
Q

Formal organizations

A

Different from groups in many ways
-These orgs continue despite departure of individual member; have expressed goals; have enforcement procedures; heierarchial allotment of formal roles or duties to members

28
Q

Bureaucracy

A

Rational system of political organization, administration, discipline, and control. Generally has six characteristics

29
Q

Iron law of oligarchy

A

States that democratic or bureaucratic systems naturally shift to being ruled by an elite group

30
Q

McDonaldization

A

Commonly used to refer to a shift in focus toward efficiency, predictability, calculability, and control in societies.

31
Q

Self-presentation

A

Process of displaying oneself to society through culturally accepted behaviors

32
Q

Impression management

A

Similar meaning to self-presentation; the implication of self presentation is that people use specific strategies to shape what others will think of them.

33
Q

Basic model of emotional expression

A

Established by Charles Darwin: states that emotional expression involves a number of components (facial expressions, behaviors, postures, vocal changes, and physiological changes)

34
Q

Appraisal model

A

Accepts that there are biologically predetermined expressions once an emotion is experienced, but that there is a cognitive antecedent to emotional expression

35
Q

Social construction model

A

Assumes that there is no biological basis for emotions; also suggests that certain emotions can only exist within social encounters and that emotions are expressed differently and play different roles across cultures

36
Q

Display rules

A

Cultural expectations of emotions

37
Q

Cultural syndrome

A

Shared set of beliefs, attitudes, norms, values, and behavior among members of the same culture that are organized around a central theme.

38
Q

Impression management

A

Refers to our attempts to influence how others perceive us, through the regulation or controlling of information in social interactions (synonymous with self-presentation)

39
Q

Authentic self

A

Describes who the person actually is, including both positive and negative attributes

40
Q

Ideal self

A

Refers to who we would like to be under optimal circumstances

41
Q

Tactical self

A

Refers to who we market ourselves to be when we adhere to others’ expectations of us (similar to ought self)

42
Q

Self-disclosure

A

Giving information about oneself to establish an indent its

43
Q

Managing appearances

A

Using props, appearance, emotional expression, or associations with others to create a positive image

44
Q

Ingratiation

A

Using flattery or conforming to expectations to win someone over

45
Q

Aligning actions

A

Making questionable behavior acceptable through excuses

46
Q

Alter-casting

A

Imposing an identity onto another person

47
Q

Dramaturgical approach

A

Using the metaphor of theatrical performance to describe how individuals create images of themselves in various situations.
Ex: front- vs. back-stage self

48
Q

Front stage

A

Where actor is in front of the audience, and performs according to the setting, role, and script, in order to conform to the image he wants others to see

49
Q

Back stage self

A

Where actor is not being observed by an audience, and he is free to act in ways that may not be congruent with his desired public image without having to worry about ruining his performance

50
Q

Verbal communication

A

Transmission of info via use of words whether spoken, written, or signed.

51
Q

Nonverbal communication

A

Communication intentionally or unintentionally without words (facial expressions, body position, eye positioning)

52
Q

Animal communication

A

Any behavior of one animal that affects the behavior of another

53
Q

Statuses

A

Positions in society that are used to classify individuals

Behavioral MCAT (12 decks)

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