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Behavioral MCAT > 10: Social Thinking > Flashcards

10: Social Thinking Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

Self-disclosure

A

Includes sharing fears, thoughts, and goals with another person and being met with empathy and nonjudgment

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2
Q

Reciprocity

A

We like people who we think like us

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3
Q

Aggression

A

Physical, verbal, or nonverbal behavior with the intention to cause harm or increase social dominance

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4
Q

Attachment

A

Emotional bond to another person, usually refers to the bond between a child and a caregiver
- Four types: Secure, Avoidant, ambivalent, disorganized

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5
Q

Secure attachment

A

Requires a consistent caregiver so the child is able to go out and explore, knowing he or she has a secure base to return to

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6
Q

Avoidant attachment

A

Occurs when a caregiver has little or no response to a distressed, crying child; the child shows no preference for the caregiver compared to strangers

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7
Q

Ambivalent attachment

A

Occurs when a caregiver has an inconsistent response to a child’s distress, sometimes responding appropriately, sometimes neglectful; the child will become distressed when caregiver leaves and is ambivalent when he or she returns

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8
Q

Disorganized attachment

A

Occurs when a caregiver is erratic or abusive; child shows no clear pattern of behavior in response to the caregiver’s absence or presence and may show repetitive behaviors

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9
Q

Social support

A

Perception or reality that one is cared for by a social network

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10
Q

Emotional support

A

Includes listening to, affirming, and empathizing with someone’s feelings

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11
Q

Esteem support

A

Affirms the qualities and skills of the person

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12
Q

Material support

A

Providing physical or monetary resources to aid a person

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13
Q

Informational support

A

Providing useful information to a person

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14
Q

Network support

A

Providing a sense of belonging to a person

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15
Q

Foraging

A

Searching for and exploiting food resources

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16
Q

Polygyny

A

Male with multiple females

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17
Q

Polyandry

A

Female with multiple males

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18
Q

Mate choice/Intersexual selection

A

Selection of a mate based on attraction and traits

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19
Q

Game theory

A

Attempts to explain decision-making between individuals as if they are participating in a game

20
Q

Altruism

A

A form of helping behavior in which the person’s intent is to benefit someone else at some cost to him or herself

21
Q

Inclusive fitness

A

Measure of an organism’s success in the population. This is based on the number of offspring, success in supporting offspring, and the ability of the offspring to then support others

22
Q

Social perception/social cognition

A

The way by which we generate impressions about people in our social environment
- Contains a perceiver, his or her target, and the situation or social context of the scenario

23
Q

Implicit personality theory

A

States people make assumptions about how different types of people, their traits, and behavior are related

24
Q

Primacy effect

A

Refers to when first impressions are more important than subsequent impressions

25
Q

Recency effect

A

When the most recent information we have about an individual is most important in forming our impressions

26
Q

Reliance on central traits

A

Tendency to organize the perception of others based on traits and personal characteristics that matter to the perceiver

27
Q

Halo effect

A

When judgments of an individual’s character can be affected by the overall impression of the individual

28
Q

Just-world hypothesis

A

Tendency of individuals to believe that good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people

29
Q

Self-serving bias

A

Refers to the fact that individuals will view their own successes as being based on internal factors, while viewing failures as being based on external factors

30
Q

Attribution theory

A

Focuses on the tendency for individuals to infer the causes of other people’s behavior

31
Q

Dispositional (internal) causes

A

Those that relate to the features of the person whose behavior is being considered

32
Q

Situational (external) causes

A

Related to features of the surroundings or social context

33
Q

Correspondent inference theory

A

Used to describe attributions made by observing the intentional (especially unexpected) behaviors performed by another person

34
Q

Fundamental attribution theory

A

Bias toward making dispositional attributions rather than situational attributions in regard to the actions of others

35
Q

Attribute substitution

A

When individuals must make judgments that are complex but instead substitute a simpler solution or heuristic

36
Q

Stereotypes

A

Occur when attitudes and impressions are made based on limited and superficial information about a person or a group of individuals

37
Q

Self-fulfilling prophecy

A

A process in which stereotypes can lead to expectations of certain groups, which can create conditions that lead to confirmation of the stereotype

38
Q

Stereotype threat

A

Concern or anxiety about confirming a negative stereotype about one’s social group

39
Q

Prejudice

A

Irrational positive or negative attitude toward a person, group, or thing prior to an actual experience

40
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

Practice of making judgments about other cultures based on the values and beliefs of one’s own culture

41
Q

In-group

A

Social group with which a person experiences a sense of belonging

42
Q

Out group

A

Refers to a social group with which and individual does not identify

43
Q

Cultural relativism

A

Recognition that social groups and cultures should be studied on their own terms

44
Q

Discrimination

A

When prejudicial attitudes cause individuals of a particular group to be treated differently from others

45
Q

Individual discrimination

A

Refers to one person discrimination against a particular person or group

46
Q

Institutional Discrimination

A

Discrimination against a particular person or group by an entire institution

47
Q

Interpersonal attraction

A

What makes people like each other and is influenced by multiple factors

Behavioral MCAT (12 decks)

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