9: Slavery Without Submission, Emancipation Without Freedom Flashcards
Fill in the blank: In 1790, 1,000 tons of cotton were being produced every year in the South. By 1860 it was _______
1,000,000
Fill in the blank: “With slavery abolished by order of the government. . . its end could be orchestrated so as to set limits to ________”
Emancipation
In which year did slave importation become illegal?
1808
Historian John Hope Franklin estimated that this number of slaves were imported illegally before the civil war?
250,000
True or False: Slave revolts in the United States were larger and more frequent than those in the Caribbean islands or in South America
False
Fill in the blank: W.E.B. Du Bois wrote, about one slave who refused to become the consistent workhorse expected of him, that “thus he was easily accused of laziness and driven as a slave when in truth he brought to modern manual labour a renewed valuation of ____”
Life
The largest probable slave rebellion in the U.S., taking place near New Orleans at the plantation of Major Andry, consisted of this many slaves
400-500 with numbers growing from plantation to plantation as they marched
This violent revolt saw 55 whites killed at various plantations and was led by Nat Turner
The Southhampton Slave Revolt of 1831
True or False: Poor whites helped slaves infrequently
True
What was one tactic used for slave control involving poor whites
Paying them to be overseers of black labour
Despite prevailing thought that slavery destroyed the black family and left blacks without kinship, this occured
The slave community acted like a generalized extended kinship system in which all adults looked after all children
Lawrence Levine refers to slave resistance as what? (hint: it was expressed in daily life, music, magic, art, religion)
Pre-political
There were 200,000 of these in the North in 1850
Free blacks
Who wrote the words “. . . what man can make, man can unmake”
Frederick Douglass
The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 made it easy for slaveowners to recapture ex-slaves in return for this
the Mexican war territories admissions into the Union as nonslave states
Frederick Douglass, July 4th, 1852: “There is not a Nation of the earth guilty of practices more ______ and _______ than are the people of these United States at this very hour”
Shocking and bloody
This white man hatched a crazy plan to seize the Federal arsenal in Virginia and set off a slave revolt in the South (it did not work, he was hanged)
John Brown
True or False: Andrew Jackson’s administration collaborated with the South to keep abolitionist literature out of the mails of Southern States
True
What did the Supreme Court decide in 1857 about slave Dred Scott?
He could not sue for his freedom because he was property and not a person
Who said the following: “I will say, then, that I am not, nor ever have been, in favour of bringing about in any way the social and political equality of the white and black races”
Abraham Lincoln
What did Abraham Lincoln say about abolishing slavery in his first inaugural address (1861)
“I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the states where it exists. I believe I have no lawful right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so”
When Lincoln issued his preliminary emancipation proclamation in 1862, what was promised therein?
Slavery would be left untouched in states that came over to the North
Which amendment declared an end to slavery?
13th
The Civil war was one of the bloodiest in history at the time, with this many dead
600,000
How many slaves escaped during the civil war?
Half a million (1 in 5)
The “Negro Soldier Law enacted by the confederacy never had much effect because it was enacted when?
Soon before the soon ended
True or False: Under congressional policy approved by Lincoln, property confiscated during the civil war under the confiscation act would be distributed to the newly freed slaves
False, it would revert to the heirs of the confederate owners
Georgia land set aside for Negroes by the special Field Order No. 15 issued by General William T. Sherman, was restored to Confederate owners by this president in 1865
Andrew Johnson
The American government had set out to fight the slave states in 1861, not to end slavery, but to do this
Retain the enormous national territory and market and resources
True or false: For a brief period after the civil war, southern Negros voted, elected blacks to state legislatures and to Congress, and introduced free and racially mixed public education to the south
True
The 14th amendment did this
Repudiated the prewar Dred Scott decision by declaring “all persons born or naturalized in the United States” citizens. (Also says no state will deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process or law; nor deny any person equal protection of the laws)
Describe the 15th amendment
“The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude”
True or False: Laws passed in the 1860s and 70s gave blacks the right to enter contracts and buy property without discrimination
True
This President resisted progressive civil rights legislation after the Civil Wae
Andrew Johnson (VP under Lincoln)
White violence against blacks became common after the civil war, spearheaded by this terrorist organization
The Ku Klux Klan
Which act was nullified by the Supreme Court in 1883?
The Civil Rights Act of 1875
Which Supreme Court Justice (a former slave owner) dissented against rulings weakening the anti-discriminatory powers of the 14th amendment and the ruling of Plessy v. Ferguson which ruled that a railroad could segregate black and white if the segregated facilities were equal
Justice John Harlan
Describe the Compromise of 1877
Rutherford Hayes, the Republican candidate, was given the votes needed to be President, in return the government provided economic support and political autonomy to Southern elites (freeing land for speculators, subsidizing railroads, allowing racially discriminatory laws to be passed)
What spurred the compromise of 1877?
Economic depression
In his 1935 book Black Reconstruction, W.E.B. Du Bois compared the new capitalism emerging in the late 19th century to a new type of this
Slavery
