9. Psychotic and Personality Disorders Flashcards
What is the difference between positive and negative psychotic sx?
Positive:
- delusions
- hallucinations (auditory, visual, olfactory)
- disorganized thoughts and behavior
- bizarre behavior
Negative (think subdued):
- flat affect
- alogia (not talking)
- anhedonia (disinterest/no pleasure in things)
- avolition (decreased motivated activity)
- memory issues
- difficulties concentrating
Do positive or negative sx play a larger role in morbidity/suicidal thoughts in schizophrenia?
Negative sx
What are some sx of brief psychotic disorder and what’s the duration?
hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech
-need to be there for more than 1 day but LESS THAN 1 month
What’s the difference between schizophreniform and schizophrenia?
-they have the same criteria of symptoms (2+ psychotic symptoms)
BUT schizphreniform must present for more than 1 month, less than 6 months
Schizophrenia presents for 6 months or longer
What’s the prevalence of schizophrenia? How does it compare with the prevalence of suicidal ideation in patients?
low prevalence of the illness but people with the illness have very high suicidal ideation due to “command hallucinations”
T/F schizophrenia has a strong genetic component
TRUE
T/F early onset psychotic disorders have worst prognoses than late onset
TRUE
Is schizophrenia more prevalent in males or females?
males
How is schizoaffective disorders different from other psychotic disorders?
has psychotic sx + mood disorder component
-mood sx present for the majority of the patient’s lifetime and psychotix sx present for 2+ weeks
How does delusional disorder differ from delusional symptoms in a psychotic patient?
patient has delusions for 1+ months
-it’s different from psychotic disorders because patient’s functioning is NOT impaired–> their behavior is not bizarre or odd
Culture: Amok
- unprovoked episode of homicidal/destructive behavior
- occurs without warning
- many episodes end with suicide
Culture: Pibloqtok
- fatigue, depression, confusion after “seizure” of bizarre behavior (tearing off clothes, rolling in snow)
- short episodes and followed by amnesia
- phases: social withdrawal, excitement, convulsions/stupor, recovery
Culture: Uqamairineq
“Sleep paralysis”
- paralysis w/anxiety, agitation, hallucinations
- thought to be soul loss, wandering, posession
- short episodes followed by remission
Culture: Windigo
cannibalistic obsessions and compulsions
Culture: Bouffee delirante
“delirious flash”
- outburst of aggression and confusion
- visual/auditory hallucination
Culture: Lacura
“madness”
- chronic psychosis from stress
- thought to be due to curses
Culture: Zou huo ru mo
Chinese
-dissociative/paranoid psychotic sx after episode of Chinese folk healing
What are some characteristics of personality disorders?
- pattern of abnormal behavior, cognition, impulse control, affectivity, and interpersonal functioning
- starts in early adolescence and is stable and enduring
- causes significant distress in quality of life
What are acute exacerbations of personality disorders due to?
- stress related
2. feeling out of control
T/F Personality disorders make up 50% of hospitalized patients
TRUE
What are the 3 clusters of personality disorders and their main features:
Cluster A: Odd and Eccentric
Cluster B: Dramatic, Emotional, Erratic
Cluster C: Anxious
What is the difference between possessing some of these personality traits vs. personality disorder?
people can have similar personality traits but it’s not a disorder unless it AFFECTS FAILY LIFE
T/F Personality disorders are easy to diagnose and treat with medications
FALSE, they are some of the most difficult disorders to diagnose and treat
-treatment is primary therapy based vs. drugs
Characteristics of paranoid personality disorder
-suspicious of others
-reluctant to confide in others
-bears grudges
CLUSTER A
Characteristics of schzoid personality disorder
-hard making interpersonal attachments and social relationships
-flat affect, little interest in sex with others
-chooses solitary activities- no desire for family/friends
CLUSTER A
Characteristics of schizotypal personality disorder
-interpersonal deficits and eccentricities
-odd speech
-inappropriate affect and emotional responses
-lacks confidants
CLUSTER A
Characteristics of antisocial personality disorder
-disregard for others and their safety
-no moral compass or remorse unless caught
-impulsive (brain abnormalities in ventral system/dopamine)
-don’t plan ahead
-don’t abide by social norms
-high comorbidity w/suicidality, SUD, MDD
CLUSTER B
Characteristics of borderline personality disorder
-do excessive things to avoid abandonment
-unstable perception of self, self image, goals
-black/white thinking about their friendships/relationships
-impulsivity w/ sex, drugs, spending, self mutilation
-high comorbidity w/MDD, anxiety, SUD
CLUSTER B
Characteristics of histrionic personality disorder
-attention seeking
-excessive emotions
-charming, manipulative, demanging
-seek medical services falsely
CLUSTER B
Characteristics of narcissistic personality disorder
-grandiosty
-need for admiration
-aggression, depression when needs aren’t met
CLUSTER B
Characteristics of avoidant personality disorder
-would love friends and socializing but avoid it because they’re too fearful of rejection
-feeling of inadequacy/inferiorities
-avoidance of said activities
CLUSTER C
Characteristics of dependent personality disorder
-need to be cared for
-clingy and fear of loneliness
-seen in domestic violence survivors- go back to abusers because they feel like they can’t survive alone
CLUSTER C
Characteristics of obsessive compulsive personality disorder
-preoccupation with perfection
-difficult to start/finish projects
-not as severely impairing/ADL as much as OCD
CLUSTER C
What are delusions?
False fixed beliefs with a degree of conviction despite evidence
What are some types of delusions?
Persecutory-harmed/harassed
Referential- gestures/cues that are provoking
Somatic- bodily concerns beyond reality
Religious- think they’re god, contact with god
Grandiose- think they’re exceptional., famous
Bizarre- loss of control, thought insertion, reading mind
What are hallucinations?
perception like experiences w/out external stimulus
vivid and clear
not under voluntary control
What are some types of hallucinations?
visual, auditory, olfactory
What is disorganized speech?
loose associations, incoherent speech, unusual speed or volume
