1. DSM V/DALY Overview

Question 1

What is the DSM-5?

Answer 1

• comprehensive tool compiled by the APA
• used as a guide
• most recent one was published in May 2013

Question 2

Why use the DSM-5?

Answer 2

• assist professionals in making a diagnosis
• used for insurance purposes: coding/billing
• gain knowledge and understanding
• classify and differentiate between diagnoses/disorders

Question 3

Guidelines to Assist in Diagnosis

Answer 3

1. Clinical Significance (cognition, emotion regulation, behavioral, psychological, biological, developmental dysfunction)
2. Affect on ADL (Activities of Daily Living)
3. Criteria
4. Modifiers (extent of severity)
5. NBABOD (not better attributed by other disorders)
6. Substance/Medication Induced Disorders
7. “other” & “unspecified”: used in cases like emergency rooms

Question 4

How are DALY’s measured?

Answer 4

DALY = YLD (years lived with disability) + YLL (years of life lost)

Question 5

How is YLD Measured?

Answer 5

YLD = I (incidence) x DW (disability weight) x L (average duration of years until remission or death)

Question 6

How is YLL Measured?

Answer 6

YLL = N (number of deaths due to condition) x L (standard life expectancy at age of death)

Question 7

What country has the highest life expectancy at birth for males?

Answer 7

Switzerland

Question 8

What country has the highest life expectancy at birth for females?

Answer 8

Japan

Question 9

What country has the lowest life expectancy at birth for both males and females?

Answer 9

Sierra Leone

Question 10

What are the top 5 diseases that contribute to the most amount of DALYs worldwide?

Answer 10

1. Lower respiratory infections
2. Diarrhoeal diseases
3. Unipolar depressive disorders
4. Ischaemic heart disease
5. HIV/AIDS

Question 11

What are two major mental health disorders that are in the top 10 contributors to DALYs in middle and high-income countries?

Answer 11

1. unipolar depressive disorders

2. alcohol use disorders