9 - Pedi MSK

Question 1

galeazzi sign

Answer 1

when supine w/ knees and hips flexed, one knee is higher than other due to developmental dysplasia of hip

Question 2

who is more likely to get developmental dysplasia of hip

Answer 2

female > male
first borns
breech
caucasian

Question 3

congenital talipes equinovarus

Answer 3

foot is excessively plantarflexed, rotated medially, sole facing inward
~1/2 bilateral
2x as common in girls

Question 4

causes of arthrrogryposis

Answer 4

neuro deficits
fetal crowding
maternal illness
CT skeletal defects
vascular compromise
muscle defects

Question 5

blue sclera

Answer 5

osteogenesis imperfecta type 1

Question 6

osteogenesis imperfecta - brief summary of types

Answer 6

1 - milder, blue sclera
2 - lethal in infancy
3 - more severe but not usually lethal

Question 7

Legg-Calve-Perthes - what is it, who gets it, presentation

Answer 7

avascular necrosis of femoral head
male&raquo_space; female
peak incidence during rapid growth of epiphysis (5-7 yo)
present w/ limp (insidious onset), pain refers to anteromedial thigh or knee

Question 8

Legg Calve Perthes on x ray

Answer 8

effusion of joint, wide joint space

later - dec bone density and collapse of femoral head

Question 9

slipped capital femoral epiphysis - who gets it and presentation

Answer 9

6-10 yo, m > f, obese, hypothyroid, GH administration

limping +/- pain, pain can radiate to groin or knee, leg held in external rotation at rest

Question 10

Osgood Schlatter - what is it, who gets it, presentation

Answer 10

traction apophysitis of proximal tibial tubercle at insertion of patellar tendon
9-14 yo, undergone rapid growth spurt, active in sports
anterior knee pain inc gradually over time

Question 11

which is more common - intoeing or outtoeing?

Answer 11

in

Question 12

metatarsus adductus

Answer 12

intoeing originating at foot
packing defect
f > m

Question 13

MCC intoeing in children < 3 yo and >3 yo

Answer 13

< 3 yo - tibial torsion

> 3 yo - medial femoral torsion

Question 14

cause of outtoeing

Answer 14

in utero packing defect

Question 15

genu varum vs valgus deformity

Answer 15

varum - bowlegged

valgus - knock-knees

Question 16

conditions that cause neurogenic scoliosis

Answer 16

cerebral palsy
myelomeningocele
muscular dystrophy
NF

Question 17

salter harris classes

Answer 17

1 - separation through physis
2 - metaphysis
3 - epiphysis
4 - both meta and epi
5 - crushed physis