9. Other Crops Flashcards
Soybean is used for
oil extraction, food and stockfeed
What percentage of the 260 million tons of soy is used for human food production
10%
The soybean industry is represented by Soy Australia which was formed with the support of the following organisations: (4)
- Australian Oilseeds Federation (AOF)
- Riverina Soybean Growers Association (RSGA)
- Northern Australian Soybean Industry Association (NASIA)
- North Coast Oilseed Growers Association (NCOGA).
Soy Australia website purpose?
- offers a membership for all those involved in soybean value chain.
- It has been formed to drive the growth and development of the soybean industry nationally
some soy varieties of Australia (7)
Gwydir, Burrinjuck, Kuranda, New Bunya, Mossman, Hayman, Richmond
Australian soybean producers are vital to the $2.5 billion …..
oilseed buisiness
What trend has occured since the millenial drought with soybeans
increasing trend of production
For soybean cultivation, the grower should aim at a plant population of
35 to 40 plants/m2
he planting window for highest yield potential opens in
mid november
Dryland soybeans produce _____ than irrigated crops when seeded at lower seed rates, especially in hotter, drier climates.
better
Soybean crop is very sensitive to
water stress
The goal is to harvest in April, at a moisture content of
15%, 10 days after reaching physiological maturity.
Harvest soybeans as soon as possible to avoid rainy weather delays
Mungbean is an excellent summer crop because it: (4)
matures quickly, withstands some drought, requires little fertiliser, breaks disease cycle with wheat.
Mungbeans are native to _____ and what percentage is exported?
South-East Asia and strongly related to black gramme (Vigna mungo), 95% exported
To reduce contamination of mungbeans, growers sign a
“Grower Commodity Declaration” detailing planting, growing, harvesting, and transit.
AQIS (Australian Quarantine & Inspection Services ) do what?
inspects all items to fulfil international purchasers’ import criteria.
Before loading, AQIS-approved personnel must examine food-grade shipping containers.
Fast-growing mungbeans (70–80 days from planting to harvest) are one of the most water-efficient summer crops because they develop fast and only consume the…….
top 60-80mm of soil moisture
Mungbeans use less fertiliser than other summer crops. They also provide
nitrogen for the following crop
Standard variety of mungbean
emerald
degree days required for mungbean
1200 degree days are required from the time of seeding to maturity
There are two preferred planting windows for mungbeans –
- spring crop planted in Sept/Oct or
- summer crop planted in Dec/Jan.
how to avoid frost in pulses (5)
- tolerant varietal choice or flowering time choice of varietal.
- timing of sowing
- smaller canopies allow for increased airflow from soil to plant growing tips.
- sow in wider rows
- rows up and down the hill slope to chanell cold air downslope
Powdery mildew, tan spot, halo blight are some of the major
mungbean diseases
major mungbean pests (require constant monitoring)
Helicoverpa, mirids, green vegetable bug, and thrips are the principal mungbean pests
mungbeans are susceptible to waterlogging
root nodules die after 5 days, creating nitrogen deficiency.
mungbeans indeterminent of determinant?
indeterminant flowering.
indeterminent flowering
A determinate meristem produces a part of the plant body with a predictable size and form, such as the flower, whereas indeterminate meristems produce parts of the plant whose size and shape depend on the local environment, such as branches and roots that grow to variable lengths
Sunflower seeds provide high-quality oil for
cooking, salads, paints, and industrial lubricants.
Self-pollination inside a head reduces
seed set, seed size, oil content, and germination.
Is Bee pollination crucial to sunflower pollination?
yes, research found that flower heads exposed to bees had considerably higher seed set and weight. Bees generated approximately 60% more seed in northern Victoria, according research.
in sunflowers is double cropping viable?
yes, in a good season with good soil moisture levels.
Millet has good cold and heat tolerance for a summer crop, potential for
poultry industry in Australia
