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Biomechanics > 9) Orthotic Materials > Flashcards

9) Orthotic Materials Flashcards

1
Q

Durometer

A
  • Measure of “firmness”
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2
Q

Compression set

A
  • Measure of compressibility
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3
Q

Specific heat

A
  • Temperature at which a material becomes moldable
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4
Q

Terminology

A
  • Durometer
  • Compression set
  • Specific heat
  • Memory
  • Resiliency
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5
Q

Top-cover and forefoot extension materials

A
  • Spenco
  • Poron
  • Breathable laminated rubber (BLR)
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6
Q

Spenco

A
  • Microcellular rubber
  • Excellent for frictional forces
  • May be used as a top cover, forefoot extension, or insole
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7
Q

Poron (PPT)

A
  • Open cell polyurethane foam
  • Excellent for vertical forces
  • Similar indications as with spenco
  • Often utilized as orthotic arch fill to increase shock absorption / stability
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8
Q

Breathable laminated rubber (BLR)

A
  • Excellent top cover/extension material
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9
Q

Orthotic top cover materials

A
  • Cloth
  • Vinyl
  • Leather
  • Leatherette
  • Ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA)
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10
Q

Thermoplasts

A
  • Materials which, once heated, are moldable to a variety of shapes
  • Maintain those shapes upon cooling
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11
Q

Miscellaneous thermoplastic materials

A
  • Korex, orthocork, etc.
  • Plastizote
  • Evazote (EVA)
  • Nickelplast
  • Aliplast
  • Pelite
  • Crepe
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12
Q

Korex

A
  • Heat-moldable cork material

- Utilized for wedges, heel lifts, and orthosis reinforcement

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13
Q

Plastizote

A
  • Closed cell polyurethane foam
  • Outstanding accommodative material
  • Three different durometers available
  • Plastizote # 1 is best for the neuropathic foot
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14
Q

Plastizote #1

A
  • Soft

- Best against insensitive foot (pink)

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15
Q

Plastizote #2

A
  • Soft
  • Higher durometer
  • Lower compression set than # 1 (white)
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16
Q

Plastizote #3

A
  • Very firm
  • “Third layer” of an accommodative device
  • Sole material (black)
17
Q

Evazote (EVA)

A
  • Ethyl vinyl acetate
  • Excellent for arch filler of an orthosis
  • May be used as the orthosis shell for an accommodative orthosis
  • Commonly used as midsole material in athletic shoes
18
Q

Pelite

A
  • Polyethylene foam
  • Lower compression set than plastizote, but higher than EVA
  • Similar indications as with EVA (arch fill, accommodative orthosis shell, etc.)
  • Thin layer often used as an orthotic bottom cover
19
Q

Crepe

A
  • Polyethylene foam material
  • Lower compression set than EVA
  • Excellent for rearfoot or forefoot posting or as sole material
20
Q

Thermoplastics

A
  • Rohadur
  • Polydur
  • Pro-lite; Acrolite
  • TL-2100
  • Polypropylene
  • Subortholene
  • Ortholene
21
Q

Polydur

A
  • Standard rigid thermoplastic material
22
Q

TL-2100

A
  • Thin and light and “they got it right on the 61st try”
  • Originally TL-61
  • Thinnest and most rigid thermoplastic material available
  • Excellent for hard-to-fit (tight) shoes
  • Can be more brittle and fracture
23
Q

TL-2100 thickness vs. Polydur

A
  • 1.75 mm TL = 3.5 mm polydur
24
Q

Polypropylene

A
  • Semi-rigid thermoplastic material

- Commonly utilized for sports orthoses

25
Q

Polyethylene (Subortholen)

A
  • Semi-rigid thermoplastic material
  • More flexible than polypropylene
  • Less memory than polypropylene
  • Commonly utilized for sports orthoses
26
Q

Graphite

A
  • Not thermoplastic
  • Fabrication requires toxic resins and high pressure (aerospace material)
  • The thinnest and most rigid material available
  • Excellent for tight-fitting shoes
27
Q

Steel/aluminum

A
  • Original orthosis from Germany
  • Rigid
  • Longevity vs. weight
28
Q

Steel/leather

A
  • Not truly functional

- Basically a custom arch support

29
Q

Methyl methyl methacrolate (miscellaneous material)

A
  • Multipurpose acrylic material

- Utilized for posting

Biomechanics (7 decks)

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