Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

1 - Cognitions > 9. Knowledge > Flashcards

9. Knowledge Flashcards

1
Q

What are the features of an episodic memory? (ccc knowledge)

A
  • Organised temporally
  • Consciously recalled
  • Susceptible to forgetting
  • Context dependent
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is an example of episodic memory? (ccc knowledge)

A

What you ate for dinner yesterday

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the features of a semantic memory? (ccc knowledge)

A
  • Not organised temporally
  • Relatively permanent
  • Context independent
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is an example of semantic memory? (ccc knowledge)

A

Wood comes from trees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does knowledge inform aspects of? (ccc knowledge)

A

Language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the features comparison model? (ccc knowledge)

A
  • Structure of semantic memory

- Concepts are stored as lists of defining features

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the typicality effect and what model does it support? (ccc knowledge)

A

Where subjects are faster at recalling objects with defining features

In support of the feature comparison model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the features of prototype model? (ccc knowledge)

A
  • Structure of semantic memory

- Defining characteristics of a word

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What do categories have in the prototype model? (ccc knowledge)

A

A graded structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In what 3 ways do prototype models differ from non-prototype models? (ccc knowledge)

A
  • examples of categories tend to be most prototypical
  • semantic priming
  • prototypes share most features with other category members
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is semantic priming? (ccc knowledge)

A

We are faster to decide and object is that when we are unconsciously presented with associated stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the three levels objects are categorised at? (ccc knowledge)

A

1) Super ordinate
2) Basic
3) Subordinate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the features of exemplar models? (ccc knowledge)

A
  • Structure of semantic memory

- Easy to find specific memories in common objects, than non-common objects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 7 models of semantic memory? (ccc knowledge)

A 
Feature and comparison
Prototype
Exemplar
Network - hierarchal nets
Network - semantic nets
Network - ACTR
Network - parallel distributing process
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What two models can co-exist? (ccc knowledge)

A

Exemplar and prototype

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the features of network model - hierarchical nets? (ccc knowledge)

A
  • Structure of semantic memory
  • Concepts presented by nodes
  • Nodes connected by links
  • Semantic relatedness shown by distance between links
17
Q

What are the features of network model - semantic nets? (ccc knowledge)

A
  • Structure of semantic memory
  • Distance represented by line length
  • Shown through the DRM paradigm
18
Q

What is the DRM paradigm? (ccc knowledge)

A

False memories created when words prime others

19
Q

What are the features of network model - ACTR? (ccc knowledge)

A
  • Structure of semantic memory
  • Memory consists of propositions
  • Links between words strengthen the more they are used
  • The fan effect
20
Q

What does ACTR stand for? (ccc knowledge)

A

Adaptive control of thought rationale

21
Q

What is the fan effect? (ccc knowledge)

A

Time to make true/false decisions increase with the number of items of information associated with the locations and the person (more connections, the harder to remember)

22
Q

What are the features of network model - parallel distributed processing? (ccc knowledge)

A
  • Structure of semantic memory
  • Links between items hold different weights
  • Allows for spontaneous generalisation and graceful degradation
23
Q

What is spontaneous generalisation? (ccc knowledge)

A

An instant process e.g if you are bitten by a dog, you believe that any dog will bite you, it is not contained to the one specific dog

24
Q

What is graceful degradation? (ccc knowledge)

A

This happens over a long period of time where a bias is formed toward or away from something

25
Q

What are schemas? (ccc knowledge)

A

Generic information about situations/general rules that are typically accurate

26
Q

What are scripts? (ccc knowledge)

A

Structured, ordered sequences of events, which can be a prototype or an abstraction

1 - Cognitions (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions