9. Knee joint Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name for the indent where the patella slides in and out of, between the two condyles

A

Trochlea groove / patella groove

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2
Q

Whats the strengths of Lateral view vs Horizontal view

A

Lateral view is good to asses position of patella and see weight bearing alignment in erect xrays whereas
Horizontal view is good to assess joint effusion and lipohaemarthrosis by exploiting the different physical and XR densities of bodily substances –(not erect)

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3
Q

What is the skyline view used for - requires flexing of the knee.

A

Allows better look at patellofemoral joint for patella fracture/ dislocation or osteoarthritis- narrower joint space

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4
Q

How do you tell the femoral condyles apart on a skyline view

A

Lateral condyle projects more anteriorly than medial

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5
Q

What is a hallmark of osteoarthritis

A

reduction of joint space leading to abnormal alignment when on one side more than other due to cartilage getting worn down

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6
Q

Which side does the patella commonly dislocate- causing instability of the knee

A

lateral due to more vastus muscles with lateral origin

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7
Q

What is a lipohaemarthrosis

A

Fat from medullary cavity and blood from a fracture getting into the joint space. As fat is less dense than blood it is shown as darker on xray as liquid is close to muscle density. It also means it rises to the surface on a horizontal scan. In the knee it goes in the suprapatella bursa

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8
Q

In what order are dislocations described in the knee - and in general

A

The distal fragment is described relative to the proximal fragment.
Therefore tibia position relative to femur

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9
Q

What structures are likely to be damaged in a dislocation

A

Ligaments, menisci, popliteal artery and common peroneal nerve

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