9 - Introduction to microbiology

Question 1

Surface of teeth have what type of bacteria on them

Answer 1

Steptococcus mutans

Question 2

Surface of tongue and soft tissues in the mouth have what bacteria on them

Answer 2

Streptococcus salivarius

Question 3

What do Koch’s Postulates state?

Answer 3

1. Causative organism must be isolated from every individual suffering from the disease
2. Causative organism must be cultivated artificially in pure culture
3. Causative organism is inoculated from pure culture the typical symptoms of the infection must result
4. The causative organism must be recoverable

Question 4

what are viroids?

Answer 4

plants can suffer infection from viroids

Question 5

What causes spongiform encephalopathies?

Answer 5

Prions

Question 6

E.g. of prion?

Answer 6

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Question 7

Fungi features

Answer 7

All fungi are eukaryotic and made of chitin

Question 8

Tiny filaments from fungi are called

Answer 8

Hyphae

Question 9

Hyphae forms mats called

Answer 9

Mycelia

Question 10

Myecelia from compartments by cross walls known as

Answer 10

Septa

Question 11

what shape are cocci?

Answer 11

round

Question 12

what shape are bacilli?

Answer 12

Rod-shaped

Question 13

Gram–ve has how much peptidoglycan

Answer 13

Very little

Question 14

What do gram–ve bacteria have on their outer membrane?

Answer 14

Lipopolysaccharide - the sugars form the surface antigen of bacterium. Has lipid A which acts as an endotoxin

Question 15

What are the hairlike structures around bacteria?

Answer 15

Fimbriae

Question 16

How do gram–ve bacteria exchange genetic materal

Answer 16

Through sex pili

Question 17

Highly resistant spores produced by some species of bacteria

Answer 17

Endospores