9. Industries Flashcards
when did industries come into existence
second half of 18th century, with the Industrial Revolution
what is an industry
group of manufacturers or businesses that produce a particular kind of goods or services
what are some countries with thriving industries
china, united states, japan, germany, south korea
2 points about India’s industrialisation
- it got a boost in 1947 (after independence)
- The Five-Year Plans have played a major role in industrialisation of the country
types of industries based on size
large scale
small scale
cottage industries
examples of large scale industries
iron and steel industry
telecommunication industry
textile industry
automobile industry
[Tata Steel at Jamshedpur and Ambuja Cement plant in West Bengal]
examples of small scale industries
cake baking business
sports equipment
pickles
candle making
3 points of cottage industry
- business run by households in their homes
- craftsmen and their family members carry on the work started by their forefathers generations years ago
- handicrafts, baskets, ropes, handloom textiles
how does the government promote cottage industries
- through various forums such as district, state and national exhibitions and fairs
(to provide artists a platform to showcase their products)
types of industries according to raw material
Agro - based (from agricultural sector, agricultural produce is processed)
Mineral based (based on mining and mineral ore, provide raw materials to other industries)
Forest - based (like wood; scandinavian countries are important producers of paper)
Pastoral based (raw materials from animals)
Marine - based (processing of fish and other aquatic animals)
which countries are famous for their dairy products
Denmark and New Zealand
which indian states are famous for dairy products and leather
Punjab and Harayana
Uttar Pradesh
classification of industries based on ownership
private sector - Reliance, Godrej Steel
public sector - Indian Oil Corporation, Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
joint sector - Maruti Suzuki
cooperative sector - Anand Milk Union Limited (AMUL)
Geographical factors determining location of industry
Raw Material
Power
Land
Human and economic factors determining location of industry
Labour
Transport and Communication
Market
political factors determining location of industry
government stability
law and order
Government policies
backbone of industrialisation
iron and steel industry
where at steel plants located in india 5
bhilai, bokaro, durgapur, Jamshedpur, Rourkela (Chota Nagpur places)
3 points on Tata Steel
established by Jamshedji Tata in 1907
one of the top steel producing companies in the world
located in Jamshedpur in Jharkhand
6 merits of setting up Tata Steel in Jamshedpur
- coking coal, manganese and limestone are available
- high grade iron ore available in Singhbhum district and Mayurbhanj
- Kharkai and Subarnarekha rivers provide water supply
- DVC gives power
- availability of skilled and unskilled labor from densely populated states
- well connected to ports of Paradeep, Haldia and Kolkata
what is cotton
natural fibre obtained from plants
largest cotton producing areas
India
China
USA
Nagoya - Osaka Region of Japan
Manchester in UK
what is ahmedabad also called
Manchester of India
5 merits of cotton production in Ahmedabad
- rich black regur soil, warm temperature and sufficient rainfall
- regur soil found in abundance near Ahmedabad
- humid climate is suitable
- availability of cheap skilled and unskilled labor
- flat terrain makes it easier to establish mills
- good transport system and network connectivity (mumbai - ahmedabad industrial belt is important)
7 major industries
- Iron and Steel
- Cotton industry (ahmedabad)
- Sugar
- Ship building
- IT Sector
- Fishing industry
- Automobile industry
4 points on Sugar industry
- sugarcane is a cash crop needed for sugar; molasses and bagasse are important by products
- molasses is used in distillation of liquor + production of chemicals and synthetic rubber
- brazil, china, india, major sugar producing nations
- Maharashtra is leading producer with UP following behind
Where did the IT revolution start
Silicon Valley in California, USA
which city is referred to as cyber city in india
Bengaluru in karnataka
why is Bengaluru an IT Hub?
cool, salubrious weather
educational evironemt
2 points on shipbuilding industry
-refers to construction of ships and other marine vessels usually carried out in specialised facilities known as shipyards
- China, South Korea, Japan leading nations
3 points on fishing industry
- one of the largest and oldest in the world
- activities range from catching, preserving, processing, storing, transporting, marketing and selling fish/fish products
- china, indonesia, peru
3 points on automobile industry
- manufacturing units of buses, cars, motorcycles, scooters, three wheelers and multi-utility vehicles
- in india, they are in chennai, pune, mumbai, delhi, gurgaon and kolkata
- japan, china, germany and india
types of industrial pollution
air pollution
water pollution
land pollution
4R strategy
Reduce
Reuse
Recycle
Recover
use of bagasse 3
- biofuel
- manufacture of pulp and building materials
- makes paper, cardboard, disposable plates
uses of press mud 2
- fill low lying area
- manure in agriculture
