9) Eyewitness Testimony : The Cognitive Interview Flashcards
1
Q
Who developed the EWT
A
Fisher and Geiselman
2
Q
What is CORP
(All four processes of EWT)
A
- Context - reinstate the context
- Order - reverse the order
- Report everything
- Perspective - change the perspective
3
Q
Why do we report everything
A
Details may trigger other memories
4
Q
Why do we reverse order
A
Prevents dishonestly
5
Q
Why do we change perspective
A
Reduces influence of schema
6
Q
What is the Enhanced Cognitive Interview
A
Fisher, developed additional elements, focus on social dynamics
e.g eyecontact, minimising distractions
7
Q
Evaluation of CI
A
- Research support for the effectiveness, meta analysis by Kohnken
- Time consuming, special training
- Some elements more useful than others, Bull report everything and context provided better recall
8
Q
EV of the cognitive interview -research support for the effectiveness of CI
A
- A meta-analysis combined data from over 50 studies, comparing CI with the standard police interview
- A cognitive interview produced on average 41% more correct information than the standard interview
- This shows CI is effective in helping witnesses recall info
9
Q
EV of cognitive interview -some elements of CI more useful than others
A
- Milne and Bull found that each individual technique of the CI alone produced more information than the standard police interview
- But also found report everything and reinstating the context produced better recall than any other technique individually or combined
- this casts doubt over the credibility of CI because some of the techniques less effective than others
10
Q
EV of cognitive interview - time consuming
A
- Police are reluctant to use CI because it takes more time than the standard police interview
- The CI also requires special training but many forces do not have the resources to provided more than a few hours of training
- This suggest that the complete CI is not realistic for police officers to use and it might be better to focus on a few key elements
