9. Cancer Genetics and Terminology

Question 1

Hypermethylation can lead to gene ________

Answer 1

silencing

Question 2

Another word for closed DNA (due to DNA remodeling by modification of histones)

Answer 2

Heterochromatin

Question 3

Why are oncogenes considered ‘dominant’

Answer 3

Only 1 allele needs to be affected for oncogenic effects to be seen

Question 4

Another word for open DNA (due to DNA remodeling by modification of histones)

Answer 4

Euchromatin

Question 5

Tumor suppressor protein of one normal allele not sufficient to maintain the genomic stability

Answer 5

Haploinsufficiency

Question 6

2 examples of an epigenetic change

Answer 6

Methylation of cytosine of CpG dinucleotides around promoter regions

DNA remodeling by modification of histones

Question 7

The 2nd hit of 2-hit hypothesis for tumor suppressor protein gene mutations

Answer 7

Loss of heterozygosity (LOH)

Question 8

Codes for proteins required for signalling a cell when to divide

Answer 8

Proto-oncogene