[9] Calcium, Magnesium, and Phosphorous Balance

Question 1

Calcium % in Soft Tissue

Answer 1

0.6%

Question 2

Calcium % in Bone and Teeth

Answer 2

99.3% as Hydroxyapatite

Question 3

Calcium % in ECF

Answer 3

0.1%

Question 4

What does Calcium bind with in the cell?

Answer 4

Clabindin D-28K

Remember: Calcium cannot exist as a free form in the cell

Question 5

How is Calcium removed from the cell?

Answer 5

Ca2+ ATPase Pump

Question 6

How does Vitamin D help in calcium Absorption

Answer 6

Synthesis of Calbindin D-28K

Question 7

Protein-Bound Calcium

Answer 7

90% Bound to Albumin

10% Globulin

Question 8

How do you correct total calcium levels

Answer 8

Add 0.8mg/dL for every 1g/dL if albumin is <4g/dL

Question 9

Formula for Serum Calcium

Answer 9

Adjusted Total Calcium = Total Calcium + (0.8 * (4- Albumin))

Question 10

Effect of Blood pH on Free Serum Calcium

Acidemia
Alkalemia

Answer 10

Acid: + Ionized Ca2+
Alkal: - Ionized Ca2+

Question 11

Low Serum Calcium immediate activates?

Answer 11

PTH

Question 12

Function: Phosphorous

Answer 12

Skeletal Development
Mineral Metabolism
Energy Transfer through Mitochondrial Metabolism
Cell Membrane Phospholipid Content and Function
Cell Signalling
Platelet Aggregation

Question 13

Relationship of Calcium and Phosphorous

Answer 13

Inverse, like a see-saw

Question 14

What does Vitamin D do for Phosphorous?

Answer 14

Promotes Reabsorption

Question 15

Where is Phosphorous Absorbed?

Answer 15

70% PCT

15% Straight segment of the promixal tubule

Question 16

Does Magnesium absorption depend on hormones?

Answer 16

No, it is not affected