9. Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

Identify the 2 major divisions of the ANS and the general location of the preganglionic neuron cell bodies for each division

Answer 1

Sympathetic- thoracic /upper lumbar cord/CNS
parasympathetic- brainstem and sacral cord/CNS

Question 2

Describe how the ANS innervation is usually done by 2 neutron chain and where the synapse from the first neuron to the second neuron occurs

Answer 2

it transmits impulse from the CNS to the effector

Question 3

identify the transmitter released by sympathetic pre and post-ganglionic neurons

Answer 3

pre -ACh
post-NE

Question 4

Identify the transmitter released by parasympathetic pre and post-ganglionic neurons

Answer 4

both release ACh

Question 5

Explain how the effects of the sympathetic division of the ANS are catabolic while the effects of the parasympathetic division of the ANS are anabolic

Answer 5

because sympathetic prepares the body to use up the energy in flight or fight response but the parasympathetic decrease energy consumption and restores the energy instead

Question 6

Summarize the contributions of sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS in controlling the pupil

Answer 6

For parasympathetic- The postganglionic neuron releases ACh leading to pupillary constriction
For sympathetic- the postganlionic neuron release NA leading to pupillary dillation

Question 7

Summarize the contributions of sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS in controlling the cardiovascular system

Answer 7

Parasympathetic-decreases cardiac output
Sympathetic- increases cardiac output

Question 8

Summarize the contributions of sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS in controlling the urinary bladder

Answer 8

Parasympathetic-causes bladder contraction
Sympathetic- causes relaxation of the bladder

Question 9

Explain how a wide variety of effects can be produced by the ANS, despite using so few neurotransmitters

Answer 9

Because many different types if postsynaptic receptors are used and the all facilitate different effects