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Year 3 Infection > 9. Antimicrobial Chemotherapy > Flashcards

9. Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

What do penicillin act on?

A

disrupt petidoglycans on bacteria cell walls. Only effective in gram negative bacteria

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2
Q

What is the use of penicillin?

A

Strep, neisseria, spirochetes

Soft tissue, pneumococcal, meningococcal, gonorhoea, syphilis

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3
Q

What is the use of amoxicillin

A

IMPORTANT DRUG! commonly prescribed, broad spectrum but has common resistance. effective in UTI and RTI

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4
Q

What is the use of flucloxaxillin

A

Staph aureus

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5
Q

What is the use of co-amoxiclav?

A

IMPORTANT DRUG! Broad spectrum antibiotics including anaerobes
UTI, RTI, soft tissue infections, surgical wound infections

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6
Q

What are the indications of piperacillin?

A

Broad spectrum including Pseudomonas, good for neutropenic sepsis

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7
Q

What do cephalosporins act on?

A

Similar model as penicillin although does not confer as much susceptibility to B-lactamase

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8
Q

What is cefradine?

A 
1st class cephalosporin, broad spectrum but resistance
UTI, soft tissue infection, UTI
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9
Q

What is ceforoxime?

A

Broad spectrum 2nd class cephalosporin. Used fro UTI, RTI, surgical prophylaxis.

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10
Q

What is ceftriaxone?

A

3rd class cephalosporin, Broad spectrum drug, especially good against gram negative bacteria. good for hospital infections, bacteraemia, pneumonia, abdo sepsis

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11
Q

What is ceftazidime?

A

3rd class cephalosporin, like cefttriaxone but also active against pseudomonas. Pseudomonal infections and CF patients

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12
Q

What is ceftaroline?

A

4th class cephalosporin, broad spectrum less gram -ve cover, good for MRSA. Licensed skin and sot tissue infection. Resistant endocarditis

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13
Q

How do aminoglycosides act?

A

Inhibit protein synthesis by binding to ribosomal sub unit

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14
Q

What is gentamicin

A

IMPORTANT DRUG. gram -ve bacteria and sepsis used for serious gram -ve infections although may cause renal and hearing issues. may disrupt VSC apparatus

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15
Q

What do macrolides do?

A

inhibits bacterial protein biosynthesis

prevent amino acid chain from growing

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16
Q

What does clarithromycin do

A

IMPORTANT DRUG! Works intracelluarly on strep, staph, mycoplasma, chlamydia and legionella. Good for resp infection, soft tissue infections and STD’s

17
Q

What does erythromycin do?

A

the same as clathromycin but has more GI side effects

18
Q

What does azithromycin do?

A

Better for gram negative side effects, used for chlamydia

19
Q

How do quinolones work?

A

Prevent bacterial DNA from unwinding

20
Q

what is ciprofloxacin

A

IMPORTANT DRUG! Gram negative, Pseudomonas, staph and strep. Used in complicated UTI, hospital acquired pneumonia and some GI infections. My lead to AAA rupture

21
Q

What is levofloxacin?

A

Enhanced activity against staph ,strep. Used as 2nd or 3rd line agent for pneumonia

22
Q

How do glycopeptides work?

A

Work on gram positive bacteria only. Mainly MRSA, patients allergic to penicillin, C-diff. Associated nephro-toxicity, IV/IM only

23
Q

What is trimethoprim?

A

IMPORTANT DRUG- first line UTI, used for gram negative bacteria. Also used in resp infections and MRSA

24
Q

What is co-trimoxazole?

A

Broad spectrum, resp, infection,PCP

25
Q

What is clindamycin?

A

Effective against strep, staph, used in soft tissue infections and gangrene.

26
Q

What is doxyculine

A

Used for Q-fever, bruceloosis, chalymysia, MRSA, atypical pneumonia. Contraindicated in pregancy and childhood

27
Q

What is rifampcin?

A

Always combined used for TB, MRSA, complicated staph infections

28
Q

What is meropenem?

A

Broad spectrum antibiotic that includes pseudomonas. Last resort antibiotic and typically 2nd or 3rd line in hospital

29
Q

What is linezolid?

A

Gram positive only, sued 2nd line for MRSA,MSSA,VRE

May lead to optic neuropathy

30
Q

What is daptomycin?

A

Used for gram positive bacteria only (strep, staph, enetro) 2nd line for MSSA,MRSA,VRE

31
Q

What is tegcycline?

A

Very broad spectrum antibiotic, 3rdlin abdo sepsis soft tissue infections. Doesnt stay in blood stream long

32
Q

What drugs cause C diff infections?

A

clindamycin,
cephalosporins,
co-amoxiclav
ciprofloxacin

Year 3 Infection (15 decks)

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