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Anatomy EXAM 1 > 9-23 Back/Muscle > Flashcards

9-23 Back/Muscle Flashcards

1
Q

1) What are the boundaries of the Back

2) Where is the SUPERIOR scapula angle located?
3) Where is inferior scapula angle?

A

1)Back: Base of the skull/occiput to the
[L4 vertebra iliac crest]

2) SUP scap: T1-T2
3) inferior scap: T7

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2
Q

A: Describe composition of VERTEBRAL COLUMN
B: What does this do?

C: Where does VERTEBRAL COLUMN arise from and how are they innervated?

A

A: True back muscles made of [erector spinae muscle] & [transversospinalis muscles]
B: moves vertebral column and maintains erect posture

C: epaxial musculature of embryonic myotomes–> innervated ONLY by spinal dorsal rami nerves

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3
Q

What is the Scapula and what does it articulate?

2) Name at least 7 landmarks for The Scapula bone?

A

Apprendicular upper limb bone that articulates the humerus head

2) 
ºSup/inf angles
ºSupra/infra - glenoid tubercles
ºScapular Spine
ºMedial/lateral/superior BORders
ºAcromion [sits higher than Coracoid]
ºCoracoid process
ºGlenoid cavity fossa & labrum
ºSupra/infra - spinous fossas
ºsuprascapular notch
ºLateral angle / Head of Scapula
ºNeck of Scapula
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4
Q

What are the 3 muscle groups attached to the Coracoid Process of _____

A

Coracoid process is apart of the SCAPULA

*Muscles attached:
Bicep short head / Pectoralis minor / Coracobrachialis

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5
Q

Fascia

2) What’s the difference between Superficial fascia and DEEP fascia?

A

Connective tissue that compartmentalizes the body and holds it together

2) Superficial=variable thickness, contains fat, neurovascular bundles and is found a lot in lower back

vs.
DEEP= Covers/invests muscles

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6
Q

Thoracolumbar fascia

A

fascia thickening that invests many muscle groups and is continuous w/aponeurosis of the lats

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7
Q

Name and describe the 2 groups of muscles

A

1-[Superficial/Xtrinsic/Camper] muscle=
*act on upper limbs, moving scapula and ribs.
** innervated by
[spinal Ventral rami nerves or CN 11/spinal accessory]
———>Trapezius

2- “true” [inTrinsic Deep/scarpal] back muscles innervated by spinal Dorsal rami nerves! [move and begin in same room]

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8
Q

How many groups of _____[superficial/deep] Erector spinae muscle are there?

A

3 ! // Erector Spinae is a DEEP muscle (Group 1)

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9
Q

Which SUPERficial BACK muscles act on apprendicular upper limbs? [5]

A
  1. Traps
  2. Lats
  3. Levator scapulae
  4. BOTH Rhomboid
  5. Serratus ANterior (more lateral then back &attaches to scapula)
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10
Q

Name the SUPERficial muscles acting on ribs and respiration [3]

2)What nerve group innervate these muscles?

A

A. Serratus posterior superior
B. Serratus posterior inferior
C. Levatores costarum [Spinal nerve DORSAL rami]

2))BOTH SERRATUS POST Innervated by Spinal Ventral rami nerves

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11
Q

Describe the second DEEP muscle group Transversospinalis

A

DEEP muscle (Group 2) = extends from transverse process to spinous vertebrae processes = coordinate FINE muscle movement of vertebral column

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12
Q

Nerves are typically found within ____

A

FAT

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13
Q

What are the 4 muscles of the sub-occipital triangle

A
  1. Rectus capitis POST major
  2. Rectus capitis POST miNor
  3. Obliquus capitis SUP
  4. Oliquus capitis inferior
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14
Q

Cranial Nerve 11 (____ ____ nerve):

*Location and Function

A

Cranial Nerve 11(spinal accessory nerve)

C11 –> Innervates Traps!

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15
Q

Thoracodorsal Nerve

*Location and Function

A

C6–>C8 = Innervates Latissimus Dorsi

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16
Q

Long Thoracic Nerve
*Location and Function

2) What artery is paired up with this nerve?

A

ROOTS of C5 + C6 + C7 combined = LTN = innervates Serratus ANTERIOR

2) paired with [Lateral Thoracic Artery]

17
Q

Dorsal scapular Nerve

* Location and Function

A

C5 Root = Innervates Rhomboid Muscles and Levator Scapulae!

18
Q

Explain the Cutaneous innervation of the BACK area (3)

A

Done by spinal Dorsal Rami= in upper half medial branch of C2 (AKA GreATER Occipital Nerve!) supplies the skin.

Lower half of skin innervated by LATeral nerve branch

19
Q

The 1st Cervical Nerve [AKA_____nerve] is STRICTLY ____

A

The SubOccipital nerve C1 is STRICTLY MOTOR

20
Q

Circumflex Scapular Artery [3]

A

located on the dorsal scapula, this artery supplies blood to teres & infraspinatus muscles AND helps form scapular anastomoses

21
Q

Posterior Circumflex humeral Artery

A

supplies blood to DELTOIDS & arm muscles near surgical humerus neck. It anastomoses w/anterior circumflex humeral artery

22
Q

A: Describe the following Triangles!

  1. Triangle of auscultation
  2. Triangle of subOccipital triangle
  3. (Triangular space)
  4. (Lumbar triangle)
  5. Quadrangular space

B: **What’s special about the SubOccipital Triangle?

A
  1. auscultation = bound by Traps, Lats and Scapula
  2. SubOccipital Triangle = bound by [rectus capitis POST major], [obliquous capitis SUP] & [oliquous capitis INF]
  3. bound by teres major, teres minor and tricep long heads
  4. bound by lats, external ab obliques and ilium
  5. NOT A TRIANGLE=same as [Triangular Space] but also bound by HUMERUS

B: SubOccipital Triangle contains a LARGE IMP. BRAIN ARTERY

23
Q
  • *Trapezius**
    1. Attachments [3]
    2. Nerve Innervation
    3. Blood Supply
A
  1. Scapular Spine, Clavicle and spiny processess C-T12
  2. Spinal Accessory CN 11
  3. Superficial Transverse Cervical Artery
24
Q
  • Latissimus dorsi
    1. Attachments [4]
    2. Nerve Innervation
    3. Blood Supply
A
  1. Humerus /Spine /POST illiac crest /Ribs 9-12
  2. Thoracodorsal Nerve
  3. Thoracodorsal Artery
25
Q
  • *Serratus Anterior**
    1. Attachments [2]
    2. Nerve Innervation
    3. Blood Supply
A
  1. Ribs 1-9 and ANT scapula margin
  2. Long Thoracic Nerve (AKA “armpit nerve”)
  3. Lateral Thoracic Artery
26
Q

A: What are the 4 main jobs of the Superficial Serratus Anterior?

B: This muscle is also known as the ____ _____

C: Where is the Superficial Serratus Anterior located?

A

1- Pulls Scapula medial(toward spine) [along w/Rhombi]
2- Scapula External rotation
3-Lowers arm from raised position
4- Elevates Ribs
——————————————————————————–
B: AKA “Boxer’s Muscle”

C: Lateral aspect of the Thoracic Cage

27
Q

Describe the 2 bony projections on the Scapula Bone

A
  1. ACROMION = arises from Scapula Spine & articulates clavicle –>synovial joint. Sits Higher up than Coracoid
  2. Coracoid Process=sits lower and has 3 distinct muscle groups that it attaches!
28
Q

____ ___ is thought to be an extension from Erector Spinae and is THiCKER than Splenius Capitis

A

SemiSpinalis capitis is an Extension of the Erector Spinae and is THiCKER than splenius capitis tht sits above it

29
Q

Greater Occipital Nerve-C2

A

medial branch of spinal dorsal ramus that does NOT innervate muscles but very involved with PAIN relay

30
Q

Describe the actual physical differences between Nerves and Artery

A

Nerves= LiNEar & has acute branchery

arteries = sqquiigly/tortuous with 90º branches

31
Q

What 3 muscle groups does the Transverse Cervical Artery Perfuse?

A
  1. Traps
  2. BOTH Rhomboid
  3. Levator Scapulae

Anatomy EXAM 1 (14 decks)

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