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Anatomy EXAM 1 > 10-1 Forearm / Arm > Flashcards

10-1 Forearm / Arm Flashcards

1
Q

*Briefly Describe these HUMERUS parts?

  1. Trochlea
  2. Capitulum
  3. Olecranon fossa
  4. Coronoid Fossa
  5. Fractures to the ___ ___ of the Humerus are more prone and typically damage the ____ and _____
  6. Where does the glenohumeral joint attach?
A
  1. Trochlea=groove on medial condyle tht extends from coronoid fossa to olecranon fossa–>hinge joint w/ulna
  2. Capitulum=rounded knot on lateral condyle that articulates radius

3 .a dip on the back @ bottom tht receives ulna olecranon process upon forearm flexion

  1. dip ON FRONT @ bottom tht receives Ulna Coronoid Process upon forearm flexion
  2. Fractures to SURGICAL NECK of Humerus are more prone typically damage Axillary nerve and Posterior circumflex humeral artery as a result
  3. ANATOMICAL NECK
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2
Q
  • Briefly describe these RADIUS parts
    1. Radial Tuberosity
  1. Ulnar Notch
  2. Styloid Process
A
  1. Site where Biceps tendon attaches
  2. Concave notch on medial distal end of radius that articulates Ulna Head
  3. SP=Cony projection on lateral distal radius tht forms lateral border to proximal row of carpal/finger bones
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3
Q

Styloid Process of ULNA

A

cylindrical projection stemming from BEHIND Ulna that attaches the ulnar collateral ligament

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4
Q

Name the 8 HAND Carpal Bones from Proximal to Most Distal

A

“So Long To Pinky, Here Comes The Thumb!”

*MOST PROXIMAL/CLOSEST Row: 
Scaphoid 
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
*MOST DISTAL ROW: 
Hamate 
Capitate
Trapezoid
Trapezium
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5
Q

What arm muscles do these NERVES innervate?

1) Radial n.
2) Median n. **[3]
3) Ulnar n. [3]
4) Musculocutaneous n. [3]

A

2) Median n.=
ºMOST ANT forearm(excludes flexor carpi ulnaris),
ººRadial 1/2 of [DEEP flexor Ulnar digitorum profundus] and ººº
————————————————————-
3) Ulnar n. = MOST HAND + [Ulnar half of DEEP flexor digitorum profundus ] + [ Flexor Carpi Ulnaris ]

4) MUSC n. = ANT compartment of upper arm-
BCB Flexor muscles (Biceps, coracobrachilias, brachialis)

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6
Q

A: Cutaneous Nerves (which may contain __________) include ___ & ____ fibers

A

Cutaneous Nerves (which may contain nerves belonging to several spinal nerves) include Sensory & Sympathetic Fibers

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7
Q

A: Brachial Artery divides when it hits the ___ ____ and forms the ____ & ____ arteries

B: What are the 3 segments of the
[Deep profunda brachial artery]?

C: Name 4 of the derivative vessels of RADIAL ARTERY

A

A: Brachial Artery divides when it hits the CUBITAL FOSSA and splits to form [Superficial Radial Artery] & [DEEP Ulnar Artery]

B: radial/ Superior ulnar / Inferior ulnar collateral

C: 1-Radial Recurrent / 2-Deep palmar arch /
3-Princeps pollicis / 4-Radialis indicis

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8
Q

A)Superficial palmar arch

B) How are the common palmar digitals related to this?

A

A) arch made in hand derived from Ulnar Artery

B) ..are separate artery derivatives from Superficial palmar arch and perfuses the 4 fingers (no thumb)

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9
Q

What are the Veins of the UE [6]

A
  1. Cephalic
  2. Basilic
  3. Median cubital
  4. Axillary
  5. Dorsal venous network
  6. Palmar venous arches
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10
Q

What 3 functions does the upper ARM muscles have?

A
  1. flex & extend forearm at elbow joint
  2. Pronate & supinate radioulnar joints
  3. Flex, extend & adduct arm @ shoulder
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11
Q

ºWhich fascia surrounds the arm and how are septa involved with this?
ºWhat’s unique about the muscles affted by these septum

A

ºBRACHIAL FASCIA envelopes the arm while medial/lateral intermuscular septum divide arm into ANT and POST compartments

ºMuscles within each compartment share
innervation/ blood supply / similar functions

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12
Q 
ANTERIOR Part of the Upper ARM
A. Actions
B. Nerve innervation
C. Perfusion
D. Muscles involved [3]
A

ANT. Upper ARM
A. Flexes arm and forearm
B. Musculocutaneous n.
C. Brachial Artery & ANT circumflex humeral artery
D. Biceps/ Coracobrachialis / brachialis / [BCB Flexors!]

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13
Q

FUNCTION:

  1. Coracobrachialis
  2. Biceps (Long and short head)
  3. Brachialis
A
  1. Flexes & adducts arm
  2. Biceps=flexes and SUPINATION
  3. Brachialis= MAIN forearm flexor
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14
Q 
POSTERIOR Part of Upper ARM
A. Actions
B. Nerve innervation
C. Perfusion [2]
D. Muscles involved [3]
A

POST Upper ARM
A. Arm ADDuction & Extends elbow and ARM
B. Radial nerve
C. [Deep profunda brachial artery] & radial recurrent a.
D. ALL Triceps / Anconeus / Brachioradialis

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15
Q
  • *Cubital Fossa**
    1. Boundaries [3]
    2. Roof [3]
    3. Floor
  1. All the things FOUND inside the Cubital Fossa [5]
A
  1. Medial=pronator teresSuperior=line between epicondyles**Lateral=Brachioradialis
  2. Roof= bicipital aponeurosis, fascia, skin
  3. Floor= brachialis; supinator
  4. Brachial artery / Vein BCMB (median cubital, Cephalic, Brachial, Basilic) group / median n. /
    radial n. / [medial/lateral antebrachial n.]
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16
Q

The median n. is ____[Lateral/Medial] to brachial Artery inside the cubital fossa

A

The median nerve is MEDIAL to brachial Artery inside the cubital fossa

17
Q

1) What veins sit ON TOP of the Cubital Fossa
roof(___ _____)

2) How is the Cubital Fossa Roof related to the median n. and brachial artery?

A

[Cubital Fossa ROOF=BICIPITAL APONEUROSIS]

**[ Basilic, Cephalic & Cubital veins] all SIT ON TOP the Cubital Fossa Roof but ….

this Roof SITS ON TOP of the median n. and brachial artery(both found inside actual cubital fossa) –>protecting them

18
Q
  1. How many muscles does the forearm have?
  2. What does the Radial Nerve do for the forearm?
  3. What does the Median Nerve do for the forearm
  4. Forearm Blood Supply?
  5. What covers the forearm?
A

1- 19 Muscles
2- Radial n.=POST and lateral forearm muscles
3- Median n. = Anterior & medial forearm muscles (except for 2 on ulnar side innervated by ulnar nerve)

4- Radial artery and [Ulnar Artery medial branches]

5- Dense antebrachial fascial sleeve (thicker distally) and forms extensor & flexor retinacula

19
Q

Forearms Flex and extend at ___ ____ joint and has supination and pronation at __________

Wrist does everything at the _____ ______ joint

A

*Forearm Flex’s and extends at ELBOW HINGE JOINT and has supination and pronation at RADIOULNAR JOINTS(pivot & syndesmosis)

**Wrist does everything at the radiocarpal condyloid joint

20
Q

The Thumb has a __ __ joint and all of the same actions as other fingers PLUS_____. [2]

A

Thumb has a BIAXIAL SADDLE JOINT and has all same actions as other fingers PLUS OPPOSITION!

Flexion, extension, ABduction and ADDuction occur at Right angles to the direction of other finger movements

21
Q

What nerve innervates both the
DEEP Flexor Radial Pollicis Longus {DF-RPL} and
SUPER DEEP Pronator Quadratus?

A

ANT interosseus branch of median n.

22
Q

A: Flexor muscles arise from ____ ____ via the ___ __ ___ or………..

B: What does the Pronator Teres do?

C: SUPER DEEP Pronator Quadratus [3]

D: Pulmaris Longus

A

Flexor muscles arise from MEDIAL EPICONDYLE via the COMMON FLEXOR TENDON, ulna, interosseous membrane and radius(down the forearm)

B: pronates forearm;assist elbow flexing

C: Pronation(allows radial bone to flip over), forms square near wrist and bridges Radial Pollicis to Ulnar Flexor Digitorum

D: Flexes hand at risk and tenses palm

23
Q

Describe the functional difference between

[flexor carpi Radialis] and [flexor carpi ulnaris]

A

Radialis = ABduction and flexes hand @ wrist

ULnaris= ADDuction and flexes hand @ wrist

24
Q

1st: What’s the MOST SUPERFICIAL Flexor Forearm Muscles [4]
2nd: What lies JUSt a lil deeper than those?

3rd: Name DEEP Flexor Forearm Muscles and what side they’re on
4th: What is the DEEPEST muscle of the Forearm

A
  • SUPERFICIAL*
    1st: Pronator Terrest —Flexor carpi radialis –> Pulmaris longus—->Flexor carpi ulnaris

DEEP
3rd: [DEEP Flexor Radial Pollicis longus] = thumb
vs.
[DEEP Flexor Digitorum ulnar profundus] = MEDIAL near body

4th: SUPER DEEP PRONATOR QUADRATUS

25
Q

FUNCTION of [Flexor Digitorum superficialis]

A

Flexor Digitorum superficialis =flex #2-5 fingers PIP, MIP

26
Q

FUNCTION of

[DEEP Flexor Ulnar Digitorum ProfUndus] DF-UDP

A

flexes fingers #2-5 DIP only

Distal Interphalanges

27
Q

FUNCTION of
[DEEP Flexor Radial Pollicis Longus] DF-RPL

2) What is its nerve innervation?
3) What is its perfusion?

A

FLEXES THUMB!

2) MEDIAN NERVE
3) ANT. interosseous artery

28
Q

Humerus intertubercular groove [2]

A

1) Groove between LATERAL GREATER tubercle &
ant lesser tubercle. that holds the bicep long head tendon in place.

2) also..attachment site for Pec major, teres.MAJor and Lats

29
Q

Medial Epicondyle vs. Lateral Epicondyle

A

Medial Common FLEXOR origin/attachment of which the Pronator Terres and its FLEXOR brothers can be found

vs.
Lateral Epicondyle= Common EXTENSOR origin/attachment

30
Q

A: What nerve does the Median Nerve eventually become in the forearm?

B: The Ulnar n. is ___[medial/lateral] to the humerus funny bone and _____ the elbow

C: What nerve does the POST-interosseous nerve arise from?

D: What is the Interosseous membrane?

A

A: anterior interosseous nerve

B: Ulnar n. is MEDIAL to humerus funny bone and BEHIND elbow

C: POST-interosseous nerve arises from RADIAL nerve

D: SUPER SHINY deep deep surface underneath Pronator Quadratus but inbetween radius and ulna bones

Anatomy EXAM 1 (14 decks)

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