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Micro Lab Midterm > (9) > Flashcards

(9) Flashcards

1
Q

an organism that is able to make all of its organic molecules using CO2 as the source of carbon; require the least “assistance” from the environment to grow

A

autotrophs

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2
Q

an organism that requires carbon in the form of organic molecules

A

heterotrophs

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3
Q

describes a microorganism with strict physiological requirements; difficult or impossible to grow unless specific conditions are provided; an organism that relies heavily on the environment to supply ready-made organic compounds

A

fastidious

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4
Q

a growth medium in which the amount and/or identity of at least one ingredient is unknown; extracts from plant or animal sources

A

undefined media

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5
Q

the amount and identity of every ingredient is known

A

defined media

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6
Q

What 4 classes of compounds make-up microbes?

A

(1) Proteins; (2) carbohydrates; (3) Lipids; (4) Nucleic acids

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7
Q

Microorganism that requires oxygen to survive and grow

A

obligate aerobe

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8
Q

microorganism that requires oxygen for growth

A

aerobic

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9
Q

Designation of an organism based on its ability to grow in the presence of oxygen

A

aerotolerance

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10
Q

A microorganism that requires oxygen at less than atmospheric concentration

A

microaerophile

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11
Q

Microorganism capable of both fermentation and respiration; grows in the presence or absence of oxygen

A

facultative anaerobes

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12
Q

microorganism that cannot tolerate oxygen

A

anaerobic

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13
Q

Microorganism for which oxygen is lethal; requires the complete absence of oxygen

A

obligate anaerobes

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14
Q

microaerophile that requires elevated CO2 levels

A

capnophile

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15
Q

a plastic jar in which to create anaerobic, microaerophilic, or CO2 enriched conditions depending on the specific needs of the bacteria being cultivated

A

GasPak Anerobic system

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16
Q

Describe the growth pattern of an anaerobic microbe in the presence of oxygen.

A

Removal of oxygen produces anaerobic

Presence of oxygen produces aerobic

17
Q

What can be used to grow these organisms in the lab?

A

GasPack Anaerobic System

18
Q

Minimum, optimum, and maximum temperatures for an organism

A

cardinal temperatures

19
Q

the temperatures below which the organism will not survive

A

minimum temperature

20
Q

the temperatures above which the organism will not survive

A

maximum temperature

21
Q

the temperature at which an organism shows the greatest growth over time – its highest growth rate

A

optimal temperature

22
Q

organisms that grow only below 20 degrees Celsius, with an optimum around 15 degrees Celsius

A

psychrophiles

23
Q

A microorganism that grows optimally at temperatures between 20 and 30 degrees Celsius but will grow at temperatures as low as 0 degrees Celsius and as high as 35 degrees Celsius; adapted to cold habitats that fluctuate

A

psychrotrophs

24
Q

Bacteria adapted to temperatures between 15C and 45C

A

mesophiles

25
Q

A microorganism that grows best at temperatures above 40 degrees Celsius

A

thermophiles

26
Q

Microorganism that grows only at temperatures above 40 degrees Celsius

A

obligate thermophiles

27
Q

Microorganism that prefers temperatures above 40 degrees Celsius but will grow in lower temperatures

A

facultative thermophiles

28
Q

Organism that grows best at temperatures above 80 degrees Celsius; 65C to 110C

A

extreme thermophiles

29
Q

Describe the classification of organisms based on temperature requirements.

A 
Psychrophiles: 15C
Psychrotrophs: 20C and 30C
Mesophiles: 15C and 45C
Thermophiles: 40C
Extreme thermophiles: above 80C
30
Q

organism adapted to a habitat below pH 5.5

A

acidophiles

31
Q

organism adapted to a habitat between pH 5.5 and 8.5

A

neutrophiles

32
Q

organism adapted to a habitat above pH 8.5

A

alkaliphiles

33
Q

What pH is considered acidic? Basic? Neutral?

A

Acidic- 0-6
Basic- 8-14
Neutral- 7

34
Q

What is the formula for determining pH?

A

pH = -log[H+]

35
Q

Describe the classification of organisms based on pH requirements.

A

Acidophiles- below pH 5.5
Neutrophiles: between 5.5 and 8.5
Alkaliphiles: above pH 8.5

Micro Lab Midterm (11 decks)

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