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World History > 9/12 > Flashcards

9/12 Flashcards

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0
Q

Alphabet

A

Writing system in which each symbol represents a single basic sound such as a constant or vowel

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1
Q

Colony

A

A territory settled and ruled by people from another land

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2
Q

Fertile Crescent

A

A region of the Middle East named for church soils and golden wheat Fields

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3
Q

Mesopotamia

A

Means “between the rivers”

the area of land between the Tigris and Euphrates river

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4
Q

Sumer

A

A region where the world’s first civilization developed in south eastern Mesopotamia

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5
Q

The epic Gilgamesh

A

A Mesopotamian narrative poem which was first told orally in Sumer, describes the great flood that destroys the world

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6
Q

Hierarchy

A

A system of ranking groups

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7
Q

Ziggurat

A

A large stepped platform thought to have been topped by a temple dedicated to the city’s chief god or goddess

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8
Q

Cuneiform

A

The earliest known writing

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9
Q

Sargon

A

The ruler of Akkad invaded and conquered the neighboring city-states of Sumer. Built the first empire known to history (2300 BC)

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10
Q

Hammurabi

A

King of Babylon (1790 BC) brought much if Mesopotamia under the control of his empire

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11
Q

Codify

A

Arrange and set down in writings all of the laws that would govern a state

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12
Q

Criminal law

A

This branch deals with offenses against others (robbery, murder)

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13
Q

Nebuchadnezzar

A

Second king of Babylon

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14
Q

Barter economy

A

Exchange of one set of goods or services for another

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15
Q

Money economy

A

Goods and services are paid for through the exchange of some token of an agreed value, such as a coin or a bill

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16
Q

Zoroaster

A

A Persian thinker who put religious beliefs forward and helped to unite the empire (1600 BC)

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17
Q

Civil law

A

This branch deals with private rights and matters (taxes, marriage, property)

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18
Q

Cataract

A

Waterfall

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19
Q

Delta

A

A triangular area of marsh-land formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of some rivers

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20
Q

Dynasty

A

Ruling family

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21
Q

Pharoahs

A

Egyptian kings

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22
Q

Bureaucracy

A

A system of government that includes different job functions and levels of authority

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23
Q

Vizier

A

Chief minister

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24
Q

Hatshepsut

A

Egypt’s first female leader

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25
Q

Thutmose III

A

Hatshepsut’s step son

Took over as pharaoh

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26
Q

Ramses II

A

Egyptian leader for 65 years

Best known ruler of Egypt

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27
Q

Amon-Re

A

Great lord of the gods

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28
Q

Osiris

A

God who (according to story) got killed by bro Set

Became god of the dead

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29
Q

Isis

A

Goddess (according to story) Osiris’ wife reassembled him and brought Osiris back to life

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30
Q

Akhenaton

A

Pharaoh who worshipped a different god

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31
Q

Mummification

A

Preservation of dead bodies by embalming then and wrapping them in cloth

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32
Q

Hieroglyphics

A

A system in which symbols or pics represent objects concepts or sounds

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33
Q

Papyrus

A

A plant that grows along the banks of Nile

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34
Q

Deciphering

A

Figuring out the meaning of

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35
Q

Rosetta Stone

A

Black stone that had same passage carved in hieroglyphics, demotic script, and Greek

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36
Q

Monotheistic

A

Believing there’s only one god

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37
Q

Torah

A

Hebrews most sacred text

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38
Q

Abraham

A

According to Torah - lived it Ur in Mesopotamia, left, migrated to Canaan

Considered farther of the Israelite people

39
Q

Covenant

A

Binding agreement

40
Q

Moses

A

Israelite renewed god’s covenant, lead Israelite to Canaan (their “promise land”)

41
Q

David

A

Second king of Israel, united 12 Israel tribes to 1 nation

42
Q

Solomon

A

David’s son, became king, turned Jerusalem into impressive capital

43
Q

Patriarchal

A

The men ruled and had most authority

44
Q

Sabbath

A

Holy day for rest and worship

45
Q

Prophet

A

Spiritual leaders to interpret God’s will

46
Q

Ethics

A

Moral standards of behavior

47
Q

Dispora

A

The spreading out of the Jews

48
Q

What did the Paleolithic humans accomplish?

A

Tools fire language wheel sailboat & left Africa

49
Q

What’s the significance of funerals and ceremonial burials?

A

There was religion

50
Q

What year did agriculture come to be?

A

10,000 BCE

51
Q

What year was writing invented?

A

4,000 BCE

52
Q

What year were the pyramids built?

A

~2700 BCE

53
Q

The Neolithic age a.k.a. the new Stone Age

A

Gradual shift from

Nomadic to settled
Gathering to agriculture

54
Q

What year was the most recent ice age?

A

70,000 B.C.E. to 10,000 B.C.E.

55
Q

Artifact

A

Man-made things

56
Q

Prehistory

A

Before written records

57
Q

History

A

Written records of the past

58
Q

Cultural institutions

A

Family government education Economy and religion

59
Q

What four things happened because of the agricultural revolution

A

Planting crops
food surplus
settled
domestication of animals

60
Q

Where were the first towns and cities formed

A

Middle East turkey and Iraq

61
Q

What are the three main characteristics of a civilization

A

Written records
specialization of work
technology

62
Q

Archaic

A

Oldest historical period

First known

63
Q

Pharaoh

A

King thought of as a God, priest king

64
Q

When did the old Kingdom take place?

A

Around 2700 B.C.E.

65
Q

When did the middle Kingdom take place?

A

2000 B.C.E. to 1500 B.C.E.

66
Q

When did the new Kingdom take place?

A

Around 1500 B.C.E. to 1000 B.C.E.

67
Q

Which two foreign powers controlled Egypt in the last centuries

A

Rome and Greece

68
Q

Menes

A

First recorded Pharaoh

he was a unifier of upper and lower Egypt

69
Q

Ancient Egyptian social classes

A 
The pharaoh
 the royal family and high priests 
district governors
 scribes
 artisans and merchants 
farmers and laborers
70
Q

Scribe

A

Can read and write

71
Q

Artisan

A

Makes art

72
Q

Merchant

A

Buy stuff and sells them for profit

73
Q

What was the main unit of money used to pay rent

A

Beer

74
Q

Wherewhen and by who was the Rosetta Stone found

A

In Egypt in 1799 by French soldiers

75
Q

What are “creation myths”

A

Every culture has its own idea of where we all came from

76
Q

Name the three gods that form the sacred trilogy of the Egyptian religion

A

Isis
Osiris
Horus

77
Q

Anubis

A

He weighs the person’s heart against a feather to determine whether they will live a happy or horrible afterlife

78
Q

Why was mummification important to the Egyptians?

A

They believed in the afterlife, so they preserve your body when you died

79
Q

Howard carter

A

An archaeologist in 1922 who found King Tut’s tomb

80
Q

Why were the great pyramids built?

A

They were tombs/Graves

81
Q

What is the “valley of queens “?

A

The burial site for Egyptian Queens

82
Q

Were the Egyptians monotheistic?

A

No

83
Q

Polytheism

A

A belief in many gods

84
Q

Theocracy

A

When religious laws are the law

85
Q

Stylus

A

Implement used to write cuneiform

86
Q

Pictograms

A

Pictures used as the alphabet

87
Q

What were the drawbacks of pictograms

A

You need a different picture for every word
some people are bad artists
it’s time-consuming
and you can’t draw ideas

88
Q

Ideograms

A

Drawings to represent ideas

89
Q

Phonics

A

Phoenician alphabet in which the characters are used to represent sounds

90
Q

Ancient Sumer’s social classes

A 
Priest King
 royal family 
government 
scribes
 Farmers
laborers
91
Q

What’s found in the middle of every Sumerian city?

A

A massive temple/ziggurat

92
Q

What was the first known Empire and who controlled it?

A

Akkad - Akkadians

Sargon ruled it

93
Q

What is the importance of Hammurabi’s Law code?

A

First evidence of a written code tells us a lot about their society and it proves that the ruler gave up some of their power

94
Q

What were the important accomplishments of the Babylonians?

A

Law code mathematics and astronomy

World History (9 decks)

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