9/10 Flashcards
renal failure low calcium mechanism
elevated parathyroid hormone
patua syndrome symptoms
one brain
open spinal cord
extra digits
hole in heart
diabetic retinopathy tx
laser photocoagulation (tighter glucose control is prevention)
ulcerative colitis structural finding
rectal involvement
treatment of seborrheic dermatitis (greasy head)
topical hydrocortison plus ketoconazole
treatment of local rose thorn disease
itraconazole (amphotericin B only for systemic)
red statillite itchy lesions
candidal intertrigo
hereditary colon, oaviran, gastric, prostate, endometrial syncdrome
hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) or lynch
Zenker’s diverticulum (pocket in esophagus) next step
esophageal myotomy
PAN secondary to Hep B tx
interferon alpha-2b
painful enlarged thyroid dx
de Quervain thyroiditis
Riedel thyroiditis
fixed nontedner nodule on thyroid with mass effect symptoms
de Quervain thyroiditis tx
ibuprofen
Exam and labs suggest pancreatitis next step
CT Abd to confirm
Red scaly itchy round lesions Dx tx
Times corpis
Topical azoles
Needs attention, provocative persondality
Histironic
Thx for cbd stone to prevent dx
Pancreatitis
Cutaneous T cell lesions dx
Mycosis fungios
Syphilis screening only for pt
With increased risk
Pt at risk for FAP age to start colonoscopy
Before puberty 12 yo
Third degree burn tx
Immediate skin graft
Sub clinical hypothyroidism with elevated Tsh next step
Txt with thyroxine
Flash plum edema with card shock tx
Dopamine
Metabolic abnormality associated with pyloric stenosis
Hypochlorde and hypo kale is metabolic alkalosis
Peeling rash kid with a fever dx tx assisted complications
Kawasaki
ASA
CAD
Hemmoragic liver Tumor tx
Follow up in 12 months, only if it continues to grow do surgery
Pagers breast untreated complication
Mets to bone
Most specific test for lupus
Anti-smith and anti-ds DNA (not ss)
BMI greater than 40 already dieting next step
Bariatric surgery
Dilated pupil type of herniatoin
Uncal
Tonsil herniation is respect and cards depression
Seborrheic dermatitis tx
Topical azoles and hydrocortisone
Breastfed infant benefit
Decrease infections
Gastric symptoms and cough after parasite entered foot dx
Strongyloides stercotalis
Isolated cough no other symptoms dx
ACE Inhibitor
Uremic pericarditis ekg findings
The one pericarditis that doesn’t tend to cause diffuse STE
Find peaked t waves
Braggards testing
Straight leg raise with dorsiflexoin indicating sciatic nerve compression
Symptomatic diabetic test to diagnose
Random glucose of 200 or greater
Screening for breast cancer recs
Every 2yrs starting at 50
Siege caps with hallucinations after lose dx
MDD
Iron deficiency anemia next test
Stool guac
Spot bone loss in setting of renal disease dx and labs
Hyper parathyroid
Elevated PTH, alk phos, phosphate, low calcium
Hocm inheritance pattern
autosomal dominant
Most pt heterozygous
Severe persistent asthma define and tx
Thoughout the day and night awakenings daily
High steroids inhaled, long acting beta and shirt acting beta
Hip injury dorsiflexoin weakness dx
Sciatic nerve injury in posterior hip dislocation
Double bubble sign on X-ray young baby dx and test
Intestinal malrotatoin
Upper gi series
Epididymtis cause
1st chlamydia
2nd gonorrhea
Gastric cancer symptoms what test
Endoscopy
Best malaria prophylaxis
Atovaquone-proguanil
Muscle energy tx set up
Pace the, in their barrier and have the, push into their ease
Decreased calcium and elevated PTH and decrease phosphate dx
Bit D def
Low value drives PTH which drops phosphate
High PTH but low calcium and high phosphate dx
Pseudonypothyroidism
Not responding to PTH leading to low calcium and high phosphate
Hypercalcemia underlying cause with normal PTH
Breast cancer most common cancer
Hypercaclemia low phosphate and high PTH dx
Hyperparathyroidism
Rule of nines in Bruin head+ upper extremity+ abd+ lower extremity
Full head 9
Full arm 9
Anterior abd 9
Anterior leg 9 (full 18)
Child rule of nines
Subtract 1% from head for ever over one years
Subtract 0.5% from each leg for over one year
Chronic wound from burn into cancer dx and test
Marjolin ulcer
Squamous cell
Complete excisional biopsy
test for HIV with symptoms
HIV-1/2 antigen/antibody immunoassay
ELISA only for asx
cervical nerves exit
above vertabrae
thrombosed hepatic veins of IVC dz and next step
budd-chiari
IV heparin
triangle bone tumor and fuzzy dz
osteosarcoma
hypopigmented macules on body + KOH shows round yeast dx and tx
tinea versicolor
selenium sulfide or antifungals
confindence interval is significant when
greater than 1.0 and does not include 1.0
acne caused by
propionibacterium acnes, anaerobic gram positive bacillus
large blue birth mark dx
congenital dermal melanocytosis
perforation of esophagus definitive step in dx
iodinated contrast esophagram
kidney injury and eosinophils dx
acute interstitial nephritis
kidney injury + muddy brown casts dx
acute tubular necrosis
tx sleep apnea prevents
pulm HTN, CVA, TIA, and MI
oliohyramnios increase risk
C-section
acute rheumatic fever tx
penicillin
preservedHF on furesimide with hx of HTN tx
spironolactone
cluster headache prophylaxis
verapamil
pump handle action ribs
ribs 1-5
SBO initial test
xray
guillain-barre syndrome tx
plasmapheresis
type of branch block? with bunny ears in V1 and V2
RBBB
type of branch block, deep S in V1 and bunny ears in V6
LBBB
healthy kid with random low calcium and seizures dx and other physical findings
hereditary hypocalcemia (type 1a pseudohyoparathyroidism) short metacrapal bones
pt with cardiac hx and planned surgery med beforehand
beta blockers
most effective birth control
iud
parkland formula
% BSA x body weight kg x 4cc
types of microvascular complications in DM
microalbuminuria
hiccups omm tx
myofascial release diaphragm
incontinence after hysterectomy tx
surgery
pancreatic pseudocyts tx
observe and NPO
if doesn’t resolved endoscopic cystogastrostomy
hypopigmented skin lesions, siezures, mental retardation dx
tuberous sclerosis
hpeatic adenomas tx
surgery if symptomatic over 5cmm or don’t go away after OCP dc
RBC missing central clearing dx
test
tx
hereditary spherocytosis
osmotic fragility test
splenectomy
pemphigus vulgaris tx
oral prednisone
hormone replacement therapy increase risk of CA
breast CA
HA on OCP and 145/85 dx and tx
HTN
dc OCP
irregular period first step
preg test
Bence Jones proteins
IgM spike
engorged retinal veins
dx
Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia
suspected scaphoid manage options
MRI
cast repeat xray 7-14 days
elevated cortisol, lump on neck, chubby dx
cushings
staghorn calculi tx
percutaneous nephrolithotomy
rectal ca risk factor
smoking, HPV, anal sex
progressive dmential and muscle jerks dx
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
best test for kidney stone
ct
giant cell arteritis ass sx
proximal muscle pain
eat disorder regardless of method with body weight 85% less than expected
anorexia nervosa
HTN in a young white person with no FHX of HTN,causes
secondary cause, likely renal artery stenosis
inferior pubic shear treatment
flex and abduct hip while stabilzing contralateral ASIS, then push in
humeral shaft damage structure and effect
radial nerve
wrist extension weakness and dorsal numbness
pregnancy effects on cardiovascular
decrease systemic vascular resistance
increase volume, HR, CO, SV
dermatitis herpetiformis tx
dapsone
primary hyperaldosteronism tx
spironolactone
allergic rhinitis, rash, asthma, P-ANCA
dz
churg-strauss
chronic pain and decrease ROM in hip dz
avascular necrosis
steroids for mom is less than
34 weeks
sigmoid vovulus tx
sigmoidoscopy decompression
tourette associated other dz
OCD
lice tx
topical spinosad
endometriosis tx
OCP and NSAIDS
intermittent TIAs cause
carotid stenosis
HTN urgency in young female cause
fibromuscular dysplasia
SIADH tx
fluid restriction
study comparing two things test
chi-square test
poor wound healing cause in chron’s disease
steroid use
amenorrhea cause not preg
hypothalmic (decrease GnRH)
chronic productive cough, sob with hx lung infections dx and test
bronchiectasis
CT
hyperglycemia, elevated glucagon, decrease amino acids dx
glucagonoma (made from alpha cells)
leukemia in child most likley dx
acute lymphoblastic leukemia
paralyzed and lack pain and temperature cord syndrome
anterior cord syndrome
viral symptoms with oral ulcer dx
HIV
decreased breast milk tx
refer to lactation
only after start metoclopramide
(bromo tx too much milk)
Cushing sx next step
elevated cortisol and decrease ACTH
CT adrenal glands
steroid suppression if ACTH elevated
HUS with diarrhea expected lab findings
elevated LDH and decreased haptoglobin
kimmelstiel-wilson nodules on renal bx, what tx to slow dz
diabetic nephropathy
ACE inhibitors
rare disease need for find best way to tx type of study
meta-analysis
bipolar I vs II
I is true bipolar
II is hypomanic
back pain after strenios activity dx and cause
herniated disc due to annulus fibrosus rupture
hx of psoriais with suddedn generalized redness and burning, fever, chills, jt pain dx and tx
pustualr psoriais
oral retinoids, methotrexat, mofetil, cyclosporine, TNF inhibitors
case series purpose
when exposure notknonow and needs to be found
post op fever within three days
focus on symptoms and test accordingly
CT Abd after four days post op
outside US goiter cause
iodine deficiiency
hypothyroidism
newborn with sickle cell tx
BID penicillin prophylaxis
pneumonia vaccine after 2 years old
hydroxyurea for severe and symptomatic sickle cell
type I error vs type II
type I rejected null hypothesis incorrectly
type II accept incorrect hypothesis
ALS tx
riluzole
cystic mass in scrotum that transilluminates dx
spermatocele (hydrocele is entire scrotum)
newborn with holosystolic murmur with thrill
VSD (most common congenital heart)
pruritus with elevated bile acids tx
cholestyramin or colestipol
tricuspid regurg vs stenosis
stenosis low rumble
regurg blowing
both loader with inspiration
t score vs z score
t score uses population estimates
restlessness on antipsychotics tx
propranolol
cleft lip newborn tx
special nipple feeding and repair at 3-6mo`
looks like really bad tinea with drainage dx
kerion
high cholesterol tx also has dm, heart disease, or extremly high levels
lifestyle and statin
preg wt recs
25-35 lbs
constrictive pericarditis tx
surgery
osteoporosis screening age
65 yo
shingles vaccine for age
50 and up
