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8Ne Year 8 Science > 8C Matter > Flashcards

8C Matter Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the vertical columns in the periodic table called?

A

Groups

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2
Q

What are the horizontal rows in the periodic table called?

A

Periods

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3
Q

Why are elements put in the same group?

A

They have similar properties

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4
Q

Where do we find the metals and non-metals in the periodic table?

A

Metals on the left, Non-metals on the right

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5
Q

Describe the properties of the transition metals.

A

Reactive metals, react with water to create an alkali solution

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6
Q

What are the 3 subatomic particles called?

A

Protons, neutrons, electrons

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7
Q

What do the number next to each element in the periodic table tell us?

A

How many subatomic particles in the element

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8
Q

What is an isotope?

A

Different forms of the same element, with different numbers of subatomic particles

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9
Q

Who was Demitri Mendeleev?

A

The scientist who made the basics of our modern periodic table.

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10
Q

How did Mendeleev arrange the elements in his periodic table?

A

Atomic mass.

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11
Q

How did Mendeleev group elements together?

A

By similar properties.

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12
Q

Why did Mendeleev leave gaps in his table?

A

To leave gaps for undiscovered elements.

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13
Q

How did Mendeleev predict the properties of the missing elements?

A

By using the properties of elements in the same group.

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14
Q

Why did Mendeleev swap the places of Iodine and Tellurium?

A

Iodine had similar properties with other elements in the same group as tellurium and tellurium did not.

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15
Q

How do we arrange our modern periodic table?

A

Atomic number.

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16
Q

Describe the position of the alkali metals in the periodic table.

A

First group on the left.

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17
Q

Explain why alkali metals are stored in oil.

A

To stop them from reacting with water vapour in the air.

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18
Q

Explain why the group 1 metals are called alkali metals.

A

They react with water to form an alkaline solution

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19
Q

Write a word equation to show the reaction between lithium and water.

A

Lithium + Water -> lithium hydroxide + hydrogen

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20
Q

Describe the trends shown in the group 1 metals.

A

Reactivity increases down the group

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21
Q

Describe the colour change of universal indicator when added to water after a reaction with an alkali metal.

A

Green to purple/ blue

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22
Q

What colour flame can be seen when potassium reacts with water.

A

Lilac

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23
Q

Write a word equation for the reaction of Rubidium with water.

A

Rubidium + Water -> Rubidium hydroxide + hydrogen

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24
Q

What are the group 7 elements called?

A

The Halogens

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25
Q

What do group 7 metals form when they react with metals?

A

Salts

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26
Q

Describe the appearance of chlorine, bromine and iodine at room temperature.

A

Chlorine is yellow-green, and bromine is red-brown. Iodine crystals are shiny purple

27
Q

Describe the trend in melting and boiling point as you go down the group.

A

They increase

28
Q

Explain why fluorine and chlorine are gases at room temperature.

A

Their boiling points are below room temperature.

29
Q

Describe the trend in reactivity in group 7

A

Reactivity decreases down the group.

30
Q

Describe what the term displacement means.

A

One element replacing another in a compound.

31
Q

Explain why chlorine can displace bromine from a compound.

A

Chlorine is more reactive than bromine

32
Q

Which group contains unreactive gases?

A

Group 0- Noble gases

33
Q

Which group of elements would not be suitable for making jewelry?

A

Group 1

34
Q

Name a possible use for a transition metal.

A

Electrical appliances, jewelry

35
Q

Name a possible use for a group 7 element.

A

Disinfectants, antiseptics

36
Q

What can group 0 elements be used for?

A

To stop other elements reacting with each other

37
Q

What is the trend in melting point across the metals in period 2?

A

Increases

38
Q

What is the trend in melting point across the non-metals in period 2?

A

Decreases

39
Q

What is the trend in reactivity across period 2?

A

Reactivity decreases

40
Q

Define the term element.

A

An element is made up of only 1 type of atom.

41
Q

What is the difference between elements and compounds?

A

An element is made up of only 1 type of atom, compounds are made up of 2 or more different elements.

42
Q

Identify the chemical formula for a hydrogen and an oxygen molecule.

A

H2 and O2

43
Q

Which elements make up the sugar glucose? (C6H12O6)

A

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

44
Q

What is the ending of non-metal compounds?

A

-ide

45
Q

How many atoms of an element are in a compound when the name has the prefix ‘mono’?

A

1

46
Q

How many atoms of an element are in a compound when the name has the prefix ‘di’?

A

2

47
Q

How many atoms of an element are in a compound when the name has the prefix ‘tri’?

A

3

48
Q

Describe the appearance of iron oxide.

A

Orange coloured coating/ black powder.

49
Q

Describe what a physical change is.

A

A change in state.

50
Q

Explain what a chemical change is.

A

Elements combine to form new compounds.

51
Q

What is a reactant?

A

The starting substance in a chemical reaction

52
Q

Describe the appearance of magnesium.

A

Shiny silver metal.

53
Q

Describe the appearance of magnesium oxide.

A

White powder.

54
Q

What is the difference between 2Mg and Mg2?

A

2Mg means two separate Mg atoms. Mg2 means two bonded Mg atoms

55
Q

Explain what a balanced equation is.

A

When the number of atoms on each side of an equation are balanced.

56
Q

Define the term polymer.

A

Chemicals made of long chains of repeating chemical units

57
Q

Name 2 possible polymers of glucose used in plants.

A

Starch and Cellulose

58
Q

What is a monomer?

A

A small molecules that builds up into polymers

59
Q

How does starch get broken down into glucose in a plant?

A

Enzymes break the bonds between monomers.

60
Q

What is the monomer of protein?

A

Amino acids

61
Q

What is the source of many common synthetic polymers?

A

Crude Oil

62
Q

What is it that makes polymers strong?

A

The large number of chemical bonds

63
Q

Explain why additional elements are added to rubber.

A

To make the rubber stronger.

8Ne Year 8 Science (10 decks)

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